ASTM D465-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Acid Number of Pine Chemical Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
Standard Test Methods for Acid Number of Pine Chemical Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are designed to broaden the scope of the earlier editions of the test method by the inclusion of tall oil and tall oil derived products as test materials and will be referenced in Test Methods D803.
3.2 The acid number is an important property of pine chemical products, such as tall oil, and the products obtained by the fractionation of tall oil. It is the test method widely used to determine the total free acid content of these products.
3.3 The potentiometric test method should be used when the most reproducible results are required.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are intended for determining the acid number of pine chemical products as defined in Terminology D804 including tall oil products, wood and gum rosin, and other related materials. These test methods may not be applicable to all modified rosin products. Two test methods are covered, as follows:
1.1.1 Potentiometric method (referee), and
1.1.2 Internal indicator method (alternate).
1.2 The potentiometric method is suitable for use with both light- and dark-colored products. It should be considered the referee method. The internal indicator method is suitable for use only with light- and medium-colored products with a Gardner color of less than 12. It should be considered the alternate method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D465 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Acid Number of Pine Chemical Products Including Tall Oil
1
and Other Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
Glass Electrode
1.1 Thesetestmethodsareintendedfordeterminingtheacid
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
number of pine chemical products as defined in Terminology
ASTM Test Methods
D804 including tall oil products, wood and gum rosin, and
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
other related materials. These test methods may not be appli-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
cable to all modified rosin products. Two test methods are
covered, as follows:
3. Significance and Use
1.1.1 Potentiometric method (referee), and
3.1 These test methods are designed to broaden the scope of
1.1.2 Internal indicator method (alternate).
theearliereditionsofthetestmethodbytheinclusionoftalloil
1.2 The potentiometric method is suitable for use with both
and tall oil derived products as test materials and will be
light- and dark-colored products. It should be considered the
referenced in Test Methods D803.
referee method. The internal indicator method is suitable for
3.2 The acid number is an important property of pine
use only with light- and medium-colored products with a
chemical products, such as tall oil, and the products obtained
Gardner color of less than 12. It should be considered the
by the fractionation of tall oil. It is the test method widely used
alternate method.
to determine the total free acid content of these products.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.3 Thepotentiometrictestmethodshouldbeusedwhenthe
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
most reproducible results are required.
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Preparation of Sample
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 If the sample for analysis is rosin, it shall consist of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
small pieces of rosin chipped from a freshly exposed part of a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
lump or lumps, and thereafter crushed to facilitate weighing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and dissolution. Prepare the sample the same day on which the
test is begun, in order to avoid changes in properties due to
2. Referenced Documents
surface oxidation. This is very pronounced on ground rosin
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
having a large surface area exposed to the air. Existing rosin
D803 Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
dust and powdered rosin must not be used.
D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including
4.2 If the sample is a nonhomogenous liquid, heat the entire
Tall Oil and Related Products
sample in a closed container fitted with a capillary vent or the
equivalent. Some kind of agitation, even if done occasionally
byhand,savesmuchtime.Heatbyimmersioninopensteamor
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
hot water bath to avoid overheating. When dealing with
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
crystallized rosin a temperature of approximately 160°C may
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon
Resins. be needed. Sampling should take place only when the entire
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally
sample is homogeneous and has been well stirred.
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D465 – 05 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/D0465-15. 4.3 For other products no special preparation is necessary
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
except storage in a closed container prior to testing.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D465 − 15
4.4 Guideline for sample size, solvent, and titrant: the same equipment and techniques as used in the actual acid
number determination.
Sample Size, Solvent I, Solvent II, Titrant,
Sample g mL mL KOH
7.2 Alkali, Standard Solut
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D465 − 05 (Reapproved 2010) D465 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Acid Number of Naval StoresPine Chemical Products
1
Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods are intended for determining the acid number of naval storepine chemical products as defined in
Terminology D804 including tall oil products, wood and gum rosin, and other related materials. These test methods may not be
applicable to all modified rosin products. Two test methods are covered, as follows:
1.1.1 Potentiometric method (referee), and
1.1.2 Internal indicator method (alternate).
1.2 The potentiometric method is suitable for use with both light- and dark-colored products. It should be considered the referee
method. The internal indicator method is suitable for use only with light- and medium-colored products with a Gardner color of
less than 12. It should be considered the alternate method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D803 Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including Tall Oil and Related Products
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Significance and Use
3.1 These test methods are designed to broaden the scope of the earlier editions of the test method by the inclusion of tall oil
and tall oil derived products as test materials and will be referenced in Test Methods D803.
3.2 The acid number is an important property of naval stores products, pine chemical products, such as tall oil, and the products
obtained by the fractionation of tall oil. It is the test method widely used to determine the total free acid content of these products.
3.3 The potentiometric test method should be used when the most reproducible results are required.
4. Preparation of Sample
4.1 If the sample for analysis is rosin, it shall consist of small pieces of rosin chipped from a freshly exposed part of a lump
or lumps, and thereafter crushed to facilitate weighing and dissolution. Prepare the sample the same day on which the test is begun,
in order to avoid changes in properties due to surface oxidation. This is very pronounced on ground rosin having a large surface
area exposed to the air. Existing rosin dust and powdered rosin must not be used.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2015. Published June 2010December 2015. Originally approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D465 – 05.D465 – 05 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/D0465-05R10.10.1520/D0465-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D465 − 15
4.2 If the sample is a nonhomogenous liquid, heat the entire sample in a closed container fitted with a capillary vent or the
equivalent. Some kind of agitation, even if done occasionally by hand, saves much time. Heat by immersion in open steam or hot
water bath to avoid overheating. When dealing with crystallized rosin a temperature of approximately 160°C m
...
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