ASTM F547-22

Standard Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2022
• ICS: 21.060.50 - Pins, nails
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.05 - Driven and Other Fasteners

Relations

• Refers: ASTM A1040-10(2015)e1 - Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM A510/A510M-13 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy Steel
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2013
• Refers: ASTM A510/A510M-11 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM A1040-10 - Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Refers: ASTM A1040-09 - Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Refers: ASTM A1040-07 - Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2007
• Refers: ASTM A1040-06 - Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2006
• Refers: ASTM A1040-04 - Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004

Overview

ASTM F547-22: Standard Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials defines a comprehensive set of terms and definitions for various types of metal nails used in wood and wood-based construction. The terminology is organized to help manufacturers, builders, engineers, inspectors, and standard users communicate accurately and consistently regarding nail types, materials, finishes, and application features.

While not a performance or testing standard, ASTM F547-22 serves as a valuable reference for identifying nail types, understanding material and coating options, and ensuring that wooden structures use fasteners that match their design and code requirements.

Key Topics

• Nail Types for Building Construction: Clarifies terms for common framing nails, box nails, roofing nails, siding nails, and specialty nails, enabling precise specification in construction documents.
• Specialized Application Nails: Covers less-common types such as cleat nails, clinch nails, furniture nails, and pallet nails used in specific manufacturing or installation scenarios.
• Finish, Coating, and Galvanization: Defines surface treatments, including galvanization methods, plated finishes, and corrosion-resistance coatings critical for durability and compliance with building codes.
• Material Terminology: Explains grades and finishes of materials used in nail manufacture-such as low-carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper-and associated qualities like hardening and annealing.
• Nail Head, Shank, and Point Terms: Describes different head shapes (e.g., flat, brad, cap, umbrella), shank configurations (e.g., smooth, ringed, barbed), and point types, helping users select suitable fasteners for structural and finish carpentry.
• Measurement Conventions: Specifies the use of inches for all nail dimensions and references other standards for metric or SI measurements as needed.

Applications

ASTM F547-22 is relevant to a wide range of professionals in the wood construction industry:

• Manufacturers: Ensures standardized descriptions and specifications of nail products for quality control and regulatory compliance.
• Architects & Engineers: Provides a consistent language for specifying fasteners in building designs, especially for wood framing, sheathing, roofing, and siding.
• Contractors & Builders: Assists in identifying the correct type of nail for each construction task, supporting efficient and code-compliant installation.
• Inspectors: Allows for precise communication during inspections and when referencing compliance to building codes or project specifications.
• Suppliers & Distributors: Facilitates accurate product labeling and cataloging, reducing errors in procurement and inventory management.

Related Standards

ASTM F547-22 refers to several documents that support its terminology and expand on technical details:

• ASTM F1667 / F1667M: Specification for Driven Fasteners - Nails, Spikes, and Staples; provides more detailed product requirements and SI units.
• ASTM A510 / A510M: General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy Steel; relates to nail manufacturing materials.
• ASTM A1040: Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Steels.
• ASTM A1059 / A1059M: Specification for Zinc Alloy Thermo-Diffusion Coatings on Steel Fasteners; addresses advanced galvanization coatings.

For anyone specifying, purchasing, or using nails in wood construction, familiarity with this standard improves communication, reduces ambiguity, and helps ensure the selection of appropriate fasteners for safety and long-term performance.

Search terms: ASTM F547-22, nail terminology, wood nail standards, galvanized nails, wood fasteners, construction nails standard, ASTM nail definitions, driven fasteners, nail coating and finish.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F547 − 22
Standard Terminology of
Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF547;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The terms included in these definitions are listed in alphabetical order under nine headings to
facilitatequickreferenceandincertaincasesaresub-categorized.Theyareintendedtoapplytometal
nails. Omitted are terms relating to tacks, pins, drift pins, dowels, studs, spikes, staples, and other
fasteners, such as nail plates. Also omitted are terms relating to the testing and the performance of
nails, that is, their drivability, withdrawal resistance, lateral load transmission, creep, protrusion
resistance, and splitting; and methods of use, such as face, toe, side, and end-nailing, spacing, loading
conditions, etc. These subject matters will be covered in a separate definition of terms relating to
mechanical fasteners.
Common acceptance and usage are the basis for most of the definitions listed. In some instances,
this common usage results in more than one definition for a given term. In other cases, registered
trademarks have become generic in nature; hence, they are included among the terms listed.
Anysuchlistingcannotbecomplete.AsadditionaltermsarereferredtotheSociety’sattention,they
will be included.
An asterisk (*) behind the name of a nail indicates that this particular nail type is described in
Specification F1667/F1667M.
Whereasdimensionsarenormallynotpartofadefinition,theyareincludedinthisstandardbecause
theyareessentialinfullydescribingthefastenerunderconsideration.Nailsizedesignationsareshown
as length x shank diameter (example 3 × 0.131) All nail and wire dimensions referenced in this
standard are in inches only. For SI dimension, reference F1667/F1667M where applicable.
The definitions are listed under the following headings:
2.1 Nail
2.2 Nail Types used in Engineered and Non-Engineered Building Construction
2.2.1 Framing Nails
2.2.2 Roofing (Shingles, Tile, Underlayment) Nails
2.2.3 Roof Sheathing, Wall Sheathing, Wall Siding Nails
2.2.4 Interior and Flooring Nails
2.2.5 Miscellaneous Construction Nails
2.3 Nail Types use in Specialized Applications
2.4 Finish, Coating and Galvanization Terms
2.4.1 Finish and Coating Terms
2.4.2 Galvanization Terms
2.5 Material Terminology
2.6 Nail Heads Terminology
2.7 Nail Points
2.8 Nail Shank Terminology
2.9 Miscellaneous Terms
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F547 − 22
1. Referenced Documents Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and
2 Alloy Steel
1.1 ASTM Standards:
A1040Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade
A510/A510MSpecification for General Requirements for
Compositions forWrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, andAlloy
Steels
A1059/A1059M Specification for Zinc Alloy Thermo-
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
Diffusion Coatings (TDC) on Steel Fasteners, Hardware,
Fastenersand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.05 on Driven and
and Other Products
Other Fasteners.
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally F1667/F1667MSpecification for Driven Fasteners: Nails,
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F547–17. DOI:
Spikes, and Staples
10.1520/F0547-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
2. Terminology
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
2.1 NAIL
having in its simplest form one or two continuous spiral threads (such
nail—straight, slender fastener, usually pointed and headed;
as a wood screw thread) or a helical thread (such as a machine screw
normally 6 in. or less in length; designed to be driven; to
thread) or combinations thereof (such as a sheet-metal screw thread).
hold two or more pieces together or to act as support. (See
screw nail; drive screw.)
DISCUSSION—In contrast to screw—fastener, usually pointed and
headed; designed to be turned with a screwdriver or other device;
2.2 NAIL TYPES USED IN ENGINEERED AND NON-ENGINEERED BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
2.2.1 FRAMING NAILS sinker*—steel-bright or coated as specified, smooth shank,
1 3 11 1
1 ⁄8 × 0.067 to 5 ⁄4 × 0.244 nails with ⁄64 to ⁄2 sinker head
box nail*—carbon steel bright, zinc coated or other coating as
and medium diamond point, with diameter of head smaller
specified, stainless steel or aluminum, smooth or deformed
than that of cooler and common nail of same designation.
shank1×0.058to5×0.162nails,madeoflighter-gagewire
11 13
than common nails and sinkers, with flat ⁄64 to ⁄32 head
steel common nail*—steel-bright,zinccoatedorothercoating
and medium diamond point.
as specified, or stainless steel, smooth shank, 1 × 0.072 to 6
11 17
×0.262nailswithflat ⁄64to ⁄32headandmediumdiamond
cooler nail*—carbon steel or stainless steel, round smooth or
point. Diameter is larger than that for sinkers, coolers,
deformed shank, bright or zinc coated or other coating as
corkers, and box nails of same length.
7 11 19
specified 1 × 0.062 to 2 ⁄8 × 0.120 nails with flat ⁄64 to ⁄64
head and medium diamond point, with head diameter same
2.2.2 ROOFING
as or smaller than that of common wire nail of same length.
(SHINGLES, TILE, UNDERLAYEMENT)
metal hardware nail*—carbon steel- bright or zinc coated, or
aluminum common nail*—smooth or square barbed shank,
1 1
stainless steel, smooth or ring shank 1 ⁄4 × 0.131 to 3 ⁄2 ×
aluminum-alloy, 1 × 0.099 to 4 × 0.199 nails with flat ⁄32 to
0.162 flat round head 0.281, diamond point meeting the
0.460 head and medium diamond point
minimum bending yield requirements of Supplementary
aluminum roofing nail* —flat head 0.438 diameter, round
section S1 and Table S1.1 and S1.2 of Specification F1667/
3 1
smooth or deformed shank ⁄4 × 0.120 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.145 with
F1667M.
diamond point.
post-frame ring shank nail*—carbon steel, hardened carbon
steel or stainless steel, bright or zinc coated, ring shank nail, cap-nail hand-driven roofing nail*—steel-bright or zinc
coated, stainless steel, diamond point, smooth or deformed
ranging from 3 × 0.135 to 8 × 0.207, with specific dimen-
sional values of ring geometry, flat head and diamond point, shank ⁄2 × 0.105 to 8 × 0.162 Caps 1.00 round metal or
plastic, square 1.00 flat or domed.With metal caps both nail
meeting minimum bending yield requirements of Supple-
mentary Section S1 and Table S1.1 or Table S1.2 of / cap bright or both galvanized. Nail– cap integral units at
manufacturing
Specification F1667/F1667M.
power-tool driven common nail*—steel-bright, zinc coated cap-nail power-driven roofing nail* —steel-bright or zinc
or other coating as specified; stainless steel; aluminum, coated, stainless steel, diamond point, smooth or deformed
1 1 1
smooth or deformed shank, ranging from 1 ⁄4 × 0.080 to 4 ⁄2 shank 1 ⁄4 × 0.080 to 2 × 0.120 Caps 1.00 round or 1.00
×0.162flatfull,alteredheadsorT-head;headdimensionsas squaremetalorplastic.Withmetalcapsbothnail/capbright
specified in order to be driven by power-tool, diamond, or both galvanized. Nail-cap assembled at point of applica-
chisel, needle or no point tion.
F547 − 22
copper common nail*—bright,solid-copper, ⁄8×0.065to6× 2.2.3 ROOF SHEATHING, WALL SHEATHING, WALL
0.284 nails with flat head and medium diamond point. SIDING NAILS
copper-clad roofing nail*—copper-clad wire, flat head 0.375 Sheathing Nails
diameter, smooth shank 0.120 diameter 1 to 2 ⁄4 long.
diaphragm/sheathing nail—bright, galvanized, hardened
steel or stainless steel, smooth or deformed shank, 2 × 0.113
purlin nail,—galvanized, regular-stock-steel, aluminum-alloy
to 3 × 0.148 with 0.266 to 0.312 diameter flat head and
orcopper,4to16× ⁄8,0.135or0.148nailsofdesiredlength
11 15 9
diamond point. Length dependent upon sheathing thickness
with flat ⁄32, curved or ⁄32 head, ⁄16 cast lead head or
and minimum penetration requirements.
plastic washer and sheared-square or diamond point; for
securing corrugated roofing to I-beams.
fiberboard nail—brightorelectroplated,regular-stock-steelor
hardened-steel 1 × 0.054 to 2 × 0.062 nails with flat ⁄32 or
roofing-tile nail— galvanized, regular-stock-steel, 5 to 7 ×
5 ⁄64 head and medium needle point.
0.148 nails with flat ⁄16 head and medium diamond point.
hardboard nail—slender, usually colored (baked-lacquer
shingle nail*—(Aluminum) flat head 0.191 to 0.312 diameter,
finished),stiff-stockorusuallyhardened-steel,usuallyannu-
diamond point, smooth or deformed shank 1 ⁄4 × 0.101 to
3 larlythreaded,1to1 ⁄8×0.058nailswithsmallflatheadand
1 ⁄4 × 0.113
1 1
longneedlepointforfasteningplainorprefinished ⁄8and ⁄4
(Steel) bright or zinc coated, flat head 0.205 to 0.406
1 hardboard for interior applications. Also, slender bright or
diameter, smooth or barbed shank 1 ⁄4 × 0.092 to 2 × 0.113.
colored (baked-lacquer finished), galvanized, stiff-stock, or
shake nail, cedar-shake or shingle nail, wood-shake face
usually hardened-steel, usually helically threaded, 2 to 3 ×
3 13
nail—hot dip galvanized steel or stainless steel, smooth or
0.105 and 0.120 nails with countersunk ⁄16 or ⁄64 head and
ringshank,1 ⁄4×0.080to2×0.092withflat0.19minhead,
pilot needle point for fastening hardboard for exterior
diamond point
applications.
slating nail*—galvanized,regular-stock-steel,1×0.106to2×
roof sheathing ring shank nail*—bright, galvanized or stain-
5 7 3
0.148 nails with slightly countersunk ⁄16 to ⁄16 flat head and less steel ring shank nail, ranging from 2 ⁄8 × 0.113 to 3 ×
medium diamond point.Also, aluminum-alloy, 1 × 0.106 to 0.131,withspecificdimensionalvaluesofringgeometry,flat
1 5 3
1 ⁄2 × 0.135 nails with large flat ⁄16 to ⁄8 head and medium head, diamond point, meeting minimum bending yield
diamond point. Also, solid copper, ⁄8 × 0.109 to 2 × 0.135 requirementsofSupplementarySectionS1andTableS1.2of
nails with large flat head and medium diamond point.
Specification F1667/F1667M.
roof-deck nail—galvanized, steel and bright steel, hardened
steel-reinforced head roofing nail*—steel bright or zinc
coated, flat reinforced head 0.625 diameter, smooth round steel, smooth or annularly threaded shank, 3 × 0.135 to 4 ⁄2
3 1 9 25
× 0.177 nails with flat or slightly countersunk ⁄32 to ⁄64
shank ⁄4 to 1 ⁄4 long and 0.106 and 0.120 diameter.
head and medium diamond point.
steel roofing nail*—steel bright or zinc coated, stainless steel
Siding Nails
nail, flat head 0.375 to 0.500 diameter, round smooth or ring
3 1
shank 0.106 to 0.162 diameter × ⁄4 to 4 ⁄2 long, with
aluminum-siding nail— smooth shank or helically threaded,
diamond point. and 1 × 0.120 to 1 ⁄4 × 0.135 for stainless
1 1
aluminum-alloy1×0.099to2 ⁄2×0.135nailswithflat ⁄4to
steel.
⁄16 flat head and medium diamond point
steel shingle nail*—steelbrightorzinccoated,flathead0.250
common siding nail—bright or colored (baked-lacquer
to 0.406 diameter, diamond point, with 1 ⁄4 × 0.092 to 2 ×
finished), galvanized, regular-stock-steel or hardened-steel,
0.113 smooth or ring round shank.
smooth shank or threaded, 1 ⁄4 × 0.080 to 3 × 0.128 nails
5 19
with flat ⁄32 to ⁄64 head and medium diamond point.
umbrella head roofing nail*—zinccoatedsteel,leakresistant
umbrella head, diamond point, round smooth or deformed
insulated-siding nail—bright or colored (baked-lacquer fin-
shanks 1 ⁄4 × 0.135 to 3 × 0.148. 1 1
ished)aluminum-alloy,1 ⁄2×0.113to2 ⁄2×0.135nailswith
7 9
flat ⁄32 to ⁄32 flat head and medium diamond point.
underlay nail, underlayment nail*—bright, stiff-stock or
hardened-steel, annularly threaded, 1 × 0.080 to 3 × 0.148
wood-siding nail— bright and colored (baked-lacquer
3 5
nails with flat or slightly countersunk ⁄16 to ⁄16 head and
finished), smooth shank or helically threaded, aluminum-
7 7 9 11
medium diamond point.
alloy,1 ⁄8×0.106to2 ⁄8×0.148nailswith ⁄64to ⁄32casing
17 5
or ⁄64 to ⁄16 sinker head and medium or blunt diamond
washered aluminum roofing nail*—0.438 diameter flat head
point. Also, bright or colored (baked-lacquer finished),
withneoprenewasherunderhead,diamondpoint,smoothor
1 3
stainless steel, annularly threaded, 2 ⁄8 and 2 ⁄8 × 0.083 and
3 1
deformed shank 1 ⁄4 × 0.135 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.145.
0.095 nails with slightly countersunk ⁄16 head and medium
diamond point. (See common siding nail.)
washered steel roofing nail*—steelbrightorzinccoatednail,
0.438 diameter flat head with elastomer washer under head,
2.2.4 INTERIOR AND FLOORING NAILS
3 1
diamond point, smooth or ring shank 1 ⁄4 × 0.135 to 2 ⁄2 ×
0.145 brad*—small nail with small head.
F547 − 22
3 1
brad, common wire—slender,regular-stock-steel, ⁄8×0.035 common cut nail*—normally, wedge-shaped, ⁄2 to 6 nails of
to 6 × 0.262 wire nails with brad 0.050 to 0.331 head and various types sheared from stiff-stock-sheet steel, with
medium diamond point. sheared-square point end narrower than upset head end.
brad, cut—slender,usuallysmall,regular-stock-steelnailsof
concrete nail*—hardened-steel, smooth or deformed shank
same thickness throughout, but tapering in width; with slight 1
round or square ⁄2 × 0.148 to 3 × 0.181 nails with flat
projection on one side serving as head.Also, tapering, square-
countersunk ⁄16 to 0.284 head and medium diamond point.
bodied, finishing nail with countersunk head.
corker nail*—usually coated, slender, regular-stock-steel, 1 ×
7 5 1
casing nail*—bright or galvanized, slender, regular-stock-
0.062 to 5 ⁄8 × 0.244 nails with ⁄32 to ⁄2 sinker head and
steel,1×0.067to3 ⁄2×0.135nailswithflatorcupped0.099
medium diamond point.
to 0.177 casing head and medium diamond point for coun-
double-headed*, duplex-head, dual-head, nail—bright or
tersinking where concealment is important.
coated, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 × 0.113 to 4 × 0.207 nails
3 7 1
fine nail*—slender,brightsteelorcopper,1 ⁄8×0.072withflat
with double ⁄16 to ⁄16 head, medium diamond point, and ⁄4
0.172 head, diamond point.
to ⁄16 distance between head to be struck by hammer and
bearinghead.Lengthofnailsmeasuredfrombearingsurface
finishing nail*—slender, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 × 0.058
of head.
to 4 × 0.135 nails with flat or cupped 0.086 to 0.177 brad
head and medium diamond point for countersinking where
glulam rivet nail*—bright or galvanized, flat, hardened-steel,
3 1
concealment of head is important. (See also, fine nail, 2 ⁄8 × ⁄4 nail with sheared V-shaped point and flat upset
moulding and trim nails, wallboard nails.)
wedge-shapedhead;designedtobedriventhroughundersize
truncated apertures in regular-stock-steel connector plates
flooring brad—bright, regular-stock–steel, 2 × 0.120 to 4 ×
from which nails cantilever into wood.
0.192nailswithdeep(32°)countersunkflatorcupped0.162
gypsum-lath nail—bright or blued, regular-stock-steel, 1 ×
to 0.244 head and medium diamond point. Also, slender,
1 3 19
1 1
bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 × 0.076 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.113 nails 0.092to1 ⁄4×0.166and1 ⁄4×0.092nailswithlargeflat ⁄64
to ⁄8headandlongdiamondpoint.Also,regular-stock-steel,
with deep (32°) countersunk flat or cupped or brad 0.128 to
1 1
0.155 head and blunt diamond point. 1 × 0.120 to 1 ⁄2 × 0.148 nails with flat ⁄2 head and medium
1 1
diamond point. Also, aluminum-alloy, 1 ⁄8 × 0.099 to 1 ⁄2 ×
machine flooring brad——bright, regular stock-steel, 1 ×
19 5
0.105 nails with flat ⁄64 or ⁄14 head and medium diamond
0.072 nail with special 0.113 brad head with cylindrical rim
point.
and medium diamond point.
gypsum-wallboard nail*, gypsumboard nail*, drywall
flooring nail*—bright, stiff-stock or hardened-steel, helically
nail*—bright or blued, regular-stock-steel, annularly
and annularly threaded, 1 × 0.072 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.148 nails with
threaded, 1 ⁄8 × 0.098 to 2 × 0.105 nails with flat, nub, or
9 9
flat or checkered ⁄64 to ⁄32 countersunk or casing head and
1 19
crossed slightly countersunk ⁄4 to ⁄64 head and long
blunt diamond point.
diamond point. Also, slender, colored (baked-lacquer
furring nail, self-furring nail—galvanized, regular-stock-
finished), regular-stock-steel, smooth or annularly threaded,
1 1 3
steel, 1 ⁄4 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.106 nails with ⁄8 flat head, medium
1 ⁄8 by 0.062 to 2 × 0.083 nails with slightly countersunk
diamond point, and washer or spacer on shank; for fastening
0.181 head and medium diamond or long needle point.
reinforcing wire mesh and spacing it from nailing member.
insulation building-board nail, tileboard nail—galvanized,
moulding and trim nail—bright zinc-plated, slim, hardened-
electro-galvanized or cadmium or nickel-plated, regular-
1 1 1 3 3
steel, 1 ⁄4 × 0.054 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.083 nails with blunt point and stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 and 1 ⁄4 × 0.054 nails with flat ⁄32 head and
button head. (See finishing nail, fine nail, hardboard nail,
mediumneedlepoint.Also,brightorcolored(baked-lacquer
insulation building-board nail, tileboard nail, wallboard finished) hardened-steel, smooth or annularly threaded, 1 ⁄4
nail.)
× 0.054 to 1 ⁄4 × 0.062 nails with slightly countersunk 0.109
head and medium diamond or long needle point.
parquet flooring nail—hardened-steel, annularly threaded,
1 3
1 1
1 ⁄8×0.062to1 ⁄4×0.072nailswithdeepcountersunk0.080 insulation-lath nail—blued,regular-stock-steel,1 ⁄8and1 ⁄4×
0.092 nails with flat ⁄8 head and long diamond point. (See
to 0.113 casing head and diamond or needle point.
gypsum-lath nail.)
wallboard nail—slender, bright and colored (baked-lacquer
insulation-sheathing nail—galvanized, barbed, regular-stock-
finished), hardened-steel, smooth or annularly threaded, 1 ⁄8
3 7 1
steel,1 ⁄4and2×0.115or0.120nailswithflat ⁄16or ⁄2head
×0.062to2×0.083nailswithslightlycountersunk0.109to
and medium diamond point.
0.181 head and medium diamond or long needle point.
lath nail*, metal-lath nail, hook-head metal-lath nail*—
2.2.5 MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION NAILS
straight—bright or blued steel 1 × 0.058 to 1 ⁄2 × 0.080
shank, 0.141 to 0.218 flat round head, diamond point.
brick-siding nail—galvanized, colored (baked-lacquer
finished), smooth shank barbed or annularly threaded, hooked head*—bright, blued or zinc coated steel, 1 ⁄8 ×
7 1 7 1
regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 × 0.092 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.099 nails with flat 0.106 nail with thin flat ⁄16 or ⁄2 hook head and medium
3 1
checkered ⁄16 or ⁄4 head and medium diamond point. diamond point.
F547 − 22
masonry nail*—bright, electro-zinc-plated or galvanized, tile nail—acoustical-tile nailslender, electroplated, regular-
3 1
hardened-steel, knurled (longitudinally or nearly longitudi- stock-steel or stiff-stock, 1 to 1 ⁄4 × 0.062 nails with ⁄4
nally threaded or fluted), ⁄2 to 4 × 0.148 or up to 0.250 nails
projection head with 0.135 collar and sharp, blunt, or
5 9
with flat or checkered ⁄16 to ⁄16 head and medium diamond
medium diamond point.
point.
wood-lath nail—blued, regular-stock-steel, 1 and 1 ⁄8 × 0.054
masonry stub nail*—smooth shank, zinc coated, 0.375 diam-
1 11
and 0.072 nails with flat ⁄8 to ⁄64 head and medium
3 1
eter flat or beveled flat head, ⁄8 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.148 diameter
diamond point.
sheet-metal nail—nail stamped out of sheet metal and formed
to desired shape. (See roofing nail.)
2.3 NAIL TYPES USED IN SPECIALIZED APPLICATIONS
5 3
hardened nail—heat-treated medium-low or medium-high
broom nail*—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 to ⁄4 × 0.072 or
13 7
0.080 nails with flat ⁄64 or ⁄32 head and medium diamond carbon-steel nail.
point.
hinge nail—light or heavy, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 ×
3 3
cleat—L-shaped nail.
⁄16to4× ⁄8nailswithflatorovalcountersunk(95°)oroval
1 1
⁄4 to ⁄2 head and long diamond or chisel point.
1 7
cleat nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄8 × 0.080 to 1 ⁄8 ×
3 1
0.106 nails with oval ⁄16 to ⁄4 head and duckbill or clinch 3 5
hob nail—stout, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 to ⁄8 nails with large
point. (See clinch nail.)
decorative (high square, fancy, round bevel, checkered,
grooved, etc.) head and sheared-bevel point.
clinch nail—any nail designed for clinching after driving.
Bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 × 0.080 to 4 × 0.177 nails with 5
lino-nail—bright,regular-stock-steel, ⁄8×0.062nailwithoval
3 3
oval ⁄16 to ⁄8 head and duckbill or clinch point. (See cleat
head and medium diamond point.
nail.)
pallet nail*—bright, stiff-stock or hardened-steel, helically
3 1
clout nail—bright, steel, ⁄4 × 0.072 to 1 ⁄2 × 0.092 nails with
threaded (with medium lead angle) or annularly threaded,
largeflat0.225to0.262headandlongsidepointorduckbill
1 ⁄2 × 0.105 to 4 × 0.177 nails with smooth or checkered flat
point.
9 7
⁄32to ⁄16headandmediumorbluntdiamondorbluntchisel
point.
conduit nail—bright or copper-plated, steel or hardened steel,
3 1
1 ⁄4to3 ⁄2×0.161nailswithannularlythreadedshank;bent,
peerless cut nail—name for small, regular-stock-steel, cut
curvedhookhead,andmediumneedlepoint.Differenttypes
nails with broad flat circular head and sheared long-tapered
1 3
of head designed for fastening ⁄2, ⁄4, or 1 conduit, tubing,
square point to facilitate clinching.
pipe, cable, etc.
ratchet nail—bright, steel, ⁄4 to 2 × 0.120 nails with single-
cork-insulation nail—galvanized,regular-stock-steel,3to9×
crest annular ratchet thread, flat ⁄8 head and medium
0.148 nails with flat ⁄2 head and medium diamond point.
diamond point
escutcheon pin—small, regular-stock-steel or nonferrous,
roll-grooved nail—bright or plated, helically grooved, round-
⁄4×0.035 to 2×0.092 nails with oval head and medium
wire, stiff-stock, 1 × 0.086 to 4 × 0.164 drive-screw nails
diamond point.
with no clearance between flutes and head, with flat or
fence nail—stout, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 × 0.135 to 4
slightly countersunk head and medium or long diamond
9 15
× 0.225 nails with large flat ⁄32 to ⁄32 head and medium
point, with crest diameter being referred to as diameter.
diamond point.
shade bracket nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄4 to1×
file-grip nail, file-thread nail—terms applied to helically 1 9
0.080or0.092nailswithslightlycountersunk ⁄2or ⁄32head
threaded nails provided with file threads. (See thread.)
and needle point.
flattened-shank nail—round wire nail with portion of shank
smooth-edge carpet plywood strip nail— hardened-steel,
flattened for a certain distance between point and head to
11 7
⁄16 × 0.105 nail with countersunk flat ⁄32 head and long
facilitate driving of nail between steel members and wrap-
diamond point.
ping of flattened portion of shank around steel rod during
square-wire nail—bright, diagonally barbed, square-wire,
driving.
regular-stock-steel, 2 × 0.113 to 4 × 0.192 common nails
foundry nail, smooth foundry nail—bright, regular-stock-
1 3
with ⁄4 to ⁄8 flat head and medium diamond point; also, 2 ×
3 7
steel, ⁄4 × 0.120 to 9 × 0.162 nails with large thin flat ⁄16 to
1 1 17
0.099 and 2 ⁄2 × 0.113 box nails with ⁄4 and ⁄64 flat head
⁄2 head and medium diamond point.
and medium diamond point; also, 2 × 0.091 and 2 ⁄2 × 0.099
3 3
furniture nail—plated, regular-stock-steel or brass, ⁄8 to ⁄4 finish nails with 0.124 and 0.131 flat head and medium
1 9
nails with extra large, decorative head and long diamond or diamondpoint;also,1 ⁄2×0.131trussnailwith ⁄32flathead
needle point. and medium diamond point.
F547 − 22
stout nail—nailswithshankdiameterusuallyatleastonegage narrow sides of long shank and with slightly tapered, dull
larger than common nails of same length. point; driven with special nailing machine provided with
staple-type magazine.
strap nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 × 0.092 to 2 ×
15 17
0.113 nails with oval ⁄64 to ⁄64 head and short diamond
twisted nail—helically twisted, squarewire, ⁄2 × 0.072 to 6 ×
point.
0.250 drivescrew nails, usually of tempered stiff-stock, with
1 1
flat or countersunk head and medium diamond point, with
strip nail—steel, 1 ⁄4 to 2 ⁄2 nails spot welded to disposable
crest diameter being referred to as diameter.
metalstripthatfeednailsintonailingmachineprovidedwith
staple-type magazine. During punching of nail from strip,
twist nail—slender, copper or aluminum nails with flat head
small washer is formed under head. Also, nail stored in
and medium needle point for twist clinching, that is, for
special strip to serve as magazine for feeding nailing
having part of nail shank twisted to form a clinched point.
machine.
T nail—bright, etched, coated, galvanized, aluminum-coated, upholstery nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, two-piece nails
withextra-largespeciallyformedheadandmediumdiamond
plastic-coated, knurled or annularly threaded, stiff-stock or
aluminum-alloy, round-wire, 1 × 0.080 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.131 nails or needle point.
5 17
ofTshape with ⁄32 or ⁄64 round, square or oval-finish head
“V” nail—headless nails with central V-shaped slot at head
of sinker, with or without heavy fillet, and with diamond or
end.
chisel point; driven with special nailing machine provided
with staple-type magazine.
wire nail—nail manufactured from metal wire or rod.
1 15
toothed nail—flat, L-shaped, ⁄2 to 1 ⁄16 cleats, sheared from
16-gage steel sheet; provided with toothed serrations along
2.4 FINISH, COATING, AND GALVANIZATION TERMS
2.4.1 FINISH AND COATING TERMS
aluminized—dippedinmoltenaluminumforcoatingpurposes electroplated—surface provided with usually thin electro-
resulting in smooth, continuous, and adherent aluminum chemicaldepositofbrass,cadmium,copper,nickel,tin,zinc,
coating. etc., as a result of immersion in electrolytic bath.
enameled—coated with enamel of desired color and often
anodized aluminum—natural-colored or surfacecolored alu-
minum having increased anodic corrosion resistance. baked.
lacquer-finished—coated with lacquer and often baked, usu-
blued—heatedtoresultinoxidizedbluishsurfaceofsteelnail.
ally in such colors as to match or blend with color of item to
bright, bright finish—term applied to nails with natural bare
be fastened.
surface resulting from cleaning of nails which have not
liquor finish—very thin wire coating produced by wire im-
undergone treatments affecting finish, such as hardening,
mersion in metallic salts, usually copper, offering very
bluing, coating, plating, etching, painting, etc. Also applied
limited corrosion resistance.
to polished appearance after plating.
oxidized—darkened or dulled by surface treatment or by the
cement-coated—surface coated by tumbling or immersion in
natural oxidizing of metal.
natural resin or shellac to produce a limited temporary bond
betweendrivennailandsurroundingwood,providedcoating
painted—coated with paint or plastic by dipping or barrel-
is not removed during driving, and to reduce rusting during
tumbling.
storage.
phosphate-coated, phosphatized—chemically treated to pro-
clad—surface sheathed.
vide iron and steel with protective ferricphosphate or zinc-
phosphate coating that can enhance nail holding or coating
coated—covered fully or partially with natural resin or any
adhesion.
other material that is retained on the surface to add lubricity,
conversion coating to provide ease of driving, increased
polymer coated—covered fully or partially with polymer to
holding power, corrosion resistance, enhance installed ap-
provide ease of driving, increased holding power, or corro-
pearance or a combination of these.
sion resistance, or a combination of these.
coppered, copper-washed—all surfaces chemically plated resin-coated—covered with natural resin to provide ease of
with copper, usually by chemical rather than electrolytic driving, increased holding power, or corrosion resistance, or
process. (See electroplated.) a combination of these.
F547 − 22
2.4.2 GALVANIZATION TERMS mechanically plated, peen-coated, peen-galvanized—
covered wi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F547 − 17 F547 − 22
Standard Terminology of
Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F547; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The terms included in these definitions are listed in alphabetical order under nine headings to
facilitate quick reference and in certain cases are sub-categorized. They are intended to apply to metal
nails. Omitted are terms relating to tacks, pins, drift pins, dowels, studs, spikes, staples, and other
fasteners, such as nail plates. Also omitted are terms relating to the testing and the performance of
nails, that is, their drivability, withdrawal resistance, lateral load transmission, creep, protrusion
resistance, and splitting; and methods of use, such as face, toe, side, and end-nailing, spacing, loading
conditions, etc. These subject matters will be covered in a separate definition of terms relating to
mechanical fasteners.
Common acceptance and usage are the basis for most of the definitions listed. In some instances,
this common usage results in more than one definition for a given term. In other cases, registered
trademarks have become generic in nature; hence, they are included among the terms listed.
Any such listing cannot be complete. As additional terms are referred to the Society’s attention, they
will be included.
An asterisk (*) behind the name of a nail indicates that this particular nail type is described in
Specification F1667F1667/F1667M.
Whereas dimensions are normally not part of a definition, they are included in this standard because
they are essential in fully describing the fastener under consideration. Nail size designations are shown
as length x shank diameter (example 3 × 0.131) All nail and wire dimensions referenced in this
standard are in inches only. For SI dimension, reference F1667/F1667M where applicable.
The definitions are listed under the following headings:
Nail Nail Types used in Engineered and Non-Engineered Building Construction Nail Types
used in
Specialized
Applications
Finish, Coating, and Galvanization Terms Material
Nail Heads Terminology
Terminology
NailNailShankPointsTerminologyMiscellaneous Terms
2.1 Nail
2.2 Nail Types used in Engineered and Non-Engineered Building Construction
2.2.1 Framing Nails
2.2.2 Roofing (Shingles, Tile, Underlayment) Nails
2.2.3 Roof Sheathing, Wall Sheathing, Wall Siding Nails
2.2.4 Interior and Flooring Nails
2.2.5 Miscellaneous Construction Nails
2.3 Nail Types use in Specialized Applications
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fastenersand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.05 on Driven and Other Fasteners.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017June 1, 2022. Published October 2017June 2022. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 as
F547 – 06F547 – 17.(2012). DOI: 10.1520/F0547-17.10.1520/F0547-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F547 − 22
2.4 Finish, Coating and Galvanization Terms
2.4.1 Finish and Coating Terms
2.4.2 Galvanization Terms
2.5 Material Terminology
2.6 Nail Heads Terminology
2.7 Nail Points
2.8 Nail Shank Terminology
2.9 Miscellaneous Terms
F547 − 22
1. Referenced Documents
1.1 ASTM Standards:
A510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric) A0510_A0510M
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
F1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and Staples
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
F547 − 22
1. Referenced Documents
1.1 ASTM Standards:
A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy Steel
A1040 Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels
A1059/A1059M Specification for Zinc Alloy Thermo-Diffusion Coatings (TDC) on Steel Fasteners, Hardware, and Other
Products
F1667/F1667M Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and Staples
2. Terminology
2.1 NAIL
nail—straight, slender fastener, usually pointed and headed; normally 6 in. or less in length; designed to be driven; to hold two
or more pieces together or to act as support. (See screw nail; drive screw.)
DISCUSSION—
In contrast to screw—fastener, usually pointed and headed; designed to be turned with a screwdriver or other device; having in its simplest form one
or two continuous spiral threads (such as a wood screw thread) or a helical thread (such as a machine screw thread) or combinations thereof (such
as a sheet-metal screw thread).
2.2 NAIL TYPES USED IN ENGINEERED AND NON-ENGINEERED BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
2.2.1 FRAMING NAILS
box nail*—carbon steel bright, zinc coated or other coating as specified, stainless steel or aluminum, smooth or deformed shank
11 13
1 by× 0.058 to 5 by 0.162-in.× 0.162 nails, made of lighter-gage wire than common nails and sinkers, with flat ⁄64 to ⁄32-in.
head and medium diamond point.
cooler nail*—carbon steel or stainless steel, round smooth or deformed shank, bright or zinc coated or other coating as specified
7 11 19
1 by× 0.062 to 2 ⁄8 by 0.120-in.× 0.120 nails with flat ⁄64 to ⁄64-in. head and medium diamond point, with head diameter same
as or smaller than that of common wire nail of same length.
1 1
metal hardware nail*—carbon steel- bright or zinc coated, or stainless steel, smooth or ring shank 1 ⁄4 by× 0.131 to 3 ⁄2 by
0.162-in.× 0.162 flat round head 0.281-in.,0.281, diamond point meeting the minimum bending yield requirements of
Supplementary section S1 and Table S1.1 and S1.2 of Specification F1667F1667/F1667M.
post-frame ring shank nail*—carbon steel, hardened carbon steel or stainless steel, bright or zinc coated, ring shank nail,
ranging from 3 by× 0.135 in. to 8 by 0.207 in., × 0.207, with specific dimensional values of ring geometry, flat head and diamond
point, meeting minimum bending yield requirements of Supplementary Section S1 and Table S1.1 or Table S1.2 of Specification
F1667F1667/F1667M.
power-tool driven common nail*—steel-bright, zinc coated or other coating as specified; stainless steel; aluminum, smooth or
1 1
deformed shank, ranging from 1 ⁄4 by× 0.080 to 4 ⁄2 by 0.162-in.× 0.162 flat full, altered heads or T-head; head dimensions as
specified in order to be driven by power-tool, diamond, chisel, needle or no point
1 3 11 1
sinker*—steel-bright or coated as specified, smooth shank, 1 ⁄8 by× 0.067 to 5 ⁄4 by 0.244-in.× 0.244 nails with ⁄64 to ⁄2-in.
sinker head and medium diamond point, with diameter of head smaller than that of cooler and common nail of same designation.
steel common nail*—steel-bright, zinc coated or other coating as specified, or stainless steel, smooth shank, 1 by× 0.072 to 6
11 17
by 0.262-in.× 0.262 nails with flat ⁄64 to ⁄32-in. head and medium diamond point. Diameter is larger than that for sinkers,
coolers, corkers, and box nails of same length.
F547 − 22
2.2.2 ROOFING
(SHINGLES, TILE, UNDERLAYEMENT)
aluminum common nail*—smooth or square barbed shank, aluminum-alloy, 1 by× 0.099 to 4 by× 0.199 in. nails with flat ⁄32
to 0.460 -in. head and medium diamond point
3 1
aluminum roofing nail* —flat head 0.438-in.0.438 diameter, round smooth or deformed shank ⁄4 by× 0.120 to 2 ⁄2 by× 0.145
with diamond point.
cap-nail hand-driven roofing nail*—steel-bright or zinc coated, stainless steel, diamond point, smooth or deformed shank ⁄2
by× 0.105 to 8 by× 0.162 in. Caps 1-in.1.00 round metal or plastic, square 1-in.1.00 flat or domed. With metal caps both nail
/ cap bright or both galvanized. Nail– cap integral units at manufacturing
cap-nail power-driven roofing nail* —steel-bright or zinc coated, stainless steel, diamond point, smooth or deformed shank
1 ⁄4 by× 0.080 to 2 by× 0.120 in. Caps 1-in.1.00 round or 1-in.1.00 square metal or plastic. With metal caps both nail / cap bright
or both galvanized. Nail-cap assembled at point of application.
copper common nail*—bright, solid-copper, ⁄8 by× 0.065 to 6 by 0.284-in.× 0.284 nails with flat head and medium diamond
point.
copper-clad roofing nail*—copper-clad wire, flat head 0.375-in.0.375 diameter, smooth shank 0.120-in.0.120 diameter 1 to
2 ⁄4-in. long.
purlin nail,—galvanized, regular-stock-steel, aluminum-alloy or copper, 4 to 16 by× ⁄8-in.,, 0.135 or 0.148-in.0.148 nails of
11 15 9
desired length with flat ⁄32-in.,, curved or ⁄32-in. head, ⁄16-in. cast lead head or plastic washer and sheared-square or diamond
point; for securing corrugated roofing to I-beams.
roofing-tile nail— galvanized, regular-stock-steel, 5 to 7 by 0.148-in.× 0.148 nails with flat ⁄16-in. head and medium diamond
point.
shingle nail*—(Aluminum) flat head 0.191 to 0.312-in0.312 diameter, diamond point, smooth or deformed shank 1 ⁄4 by× 0.101
to 1 ⁄4 by 0.113-in.× 0.113
(Steel) bright or zinc coated, flat head 0.205 to 0.406-in0.406 diameter, smooth or barbed shank 1 ⁄4 by× 0.092 to 2 by 0.113-in.×
0.113.
shake nail, cedar-shake or shingle nail, wood-shake face nail—hot dip galvanized steel or stainless steel, plainsmooth or ring
shank, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.080 to 2 by 0.092-in× 0.092 with flat 0.19-in0.19 min head, diamond point
5 7
slating nail*—galvanized, regular-stock-steel, 1 by× 0.106 to 2 by 0.148-in.× 0.148 nails with slightly countersunk ⁄16 to ⁄16-in.
1 5
flat head and medium diamond point. Also, aluminum-alloy, 1 by× 0.106 to 1 ⁄2 by 0.135-in.× 0.135 nails with large flat ⁄16
3 7
to ⁄8-in. head and medium diamond point. Also, solid copper, ⁄8 by× 0.109 to 2 by 0.135-in.× 0.135 nails with large flat head
and medium diamond point.
steel-reinforced head roofing nail*—steel bright or zinc coated, flat reinforced head 0.625-in.0.625 diameter, smooth round
3 1
shank ⁄4 to 1 ⁄4-in long and 0.106 and 0.120- in 0.120 diameter.
steel roofing nail*—steel bright or zinc coated, stainless steel nail, flat head 0.375 to 0.500-in0.500 diameter, round smooth or
3 1 3
ring shank 0.106 to 0.162-in.0.162 diameter by× ⁄4 to 4 ⁄2 long, with diamond point. and 1 by 0.120-in× 0.120 to 1 ⁄4 by
0.135-in.× 0.135 for stainless steel.
F547 − 22
steel shingle nail*—steel bright or zinc coated, flat head 0.250 to 0.406-in0.406 diameter, diamond point, with 1 ⁄4 by× 0.092
to 2 by× 0.113 smooth or ring round shank.
umbrella head roofing nail*—zinc coated steel, leak resistant umbrella head, diamond point, round smooth or deformed shanks
1 ⁄4 by 0.135-in× 0.135 to 3 by× 0.148.
underlay nail, underlayment nail*—bright, stiff-stock or hardened-steel, annularly threaded, 1 by× 0.080 to 3 by 0.148-in.×
3 5
0.148 nails with flat or slightly countersunk ⁄16 to ⁄16-in. head and medium diamond point.
washered aluminum roofing nail*—0.438 diameter flat head with neoprene washer under head, diamond point, smooth or
3 1
deformed shank 1 ⁄4 by× 0.135 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.145-in.× 0.145.
washered steel roofing nail*—steel bright or zinc coated nail, 0.438 diameter flat head with elastomer washer under head,
3 1
diamond point, smooth or ring shank 1 ⁄4 by× 0.135 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.145-in× 0.145
2.2.3 ROOF SHEATHING, WALL SHEATHING, WALL SIDING NAILS
SheatingSheathing Nails
diaphragm/sheathing nail—bright, galvanized, hardened steel or stainless steel, smooth or deformed shank, 2 by× 0.113 to 3
by× 0.148 - in. with 0.266 to 0.312- in. 0.312 diameter flat head and diamond point. Length dependent upon sheathing thickness
and minimum penetration requirements.
fiberboard nail—bright or electroplated, regular-stock-steel or hardened-steel 1 by× 0.054 to 2 by 0.062-in.× 0.062 nails with
3 7
flat ⁄32 or ⁄64-in. head and medium needle point.
hardboard nail—slender, usually colored (baked-lacquer finished), stiff-stock or usually hardened-steel, usually annularly
5 1
threaded, 1 to 1 ⁄8 by 0.058-in.× 0.058 nails with small flat head and long needle point for fastening plain or prefinished ⁄8 and
⁄4-in. hardboard for interior applications. Also, slender bright or colored (baked-lacquer finished), galvanized, stiff-stock, or
3 13
usually hardened-steel, usually helically threaded, 2 to 3 by× 0.105 and 0.120-in.0.120 nails with countersunk ⁄16 or ⁄64-in.
head and pilot needle point for fastening hardboard for exterior applications.
roof sheathing ring shank nail*—bright, galvanized or stainless steel ring shank nail, ranging from 2 ⁄8 by× 0.113 in. to 3 by
0.131 in., × 0.131, with specific dimensional values of ring geometry, flat head, diamond point, meeting minimum bending yield
requirements of Supplementary Section S1 and Table S1.2 of Specification F1667F1667/F1667M.
roof-deck nail—galvanized, steel and bright steel, hardened steel, plainsmooth or annularly threaded, threaded shank, 3 by×
1 9 25
0.135 to 4 ⁄2 by 0.177-in.× 0.177 nails with flat or slightly countersunk ⁄32 to ⁄64-in. head and medium diamond point.
Siding Nails
aluminum-siding nail—plain-shank smooth shank or helically threaded, aluminum-alloy 1 by× 0.099 to 212 ⁄2 /2 by 0.135-in.
1 5
× 0.135 nails with flat ⁄4 to ⁄16-in. flat head and medium diamond point
common siding nail—bright or colored (baked-lacquer finished), galvanized, regular-stock-steel or hardened-steel, plain-shank
3 5 19
smooth shank or threaded, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.080 to 3 by 0.128-in.× 0.128 nails with flat ⁄32 to ⁄64-in. head and medium diamond point.
1 1
insulated-siding nail—bright or colored (bakedlacquer(baked-lacquer finished) aluminum-alloy, 1 ⁄2 by× 0.113 to 2 ⁄2 by
7 9
0.135-in.× 0.135 nails with flat ⁄32 to ⁄32-in. flat head and medium diamond point.
F547 − 22
wood-siding nail— bright and colored (baked-lacquer finished), plain-shank smooth shank or helically threaded, aluminum-
7 7 9 11 17 5
alloy, 1 ⁄8 by× 0.106 to 2 ⁄8 by 0.148-in.× 0.148 nails with ⁄64 to ⁄32-in. casing or ⁄64 to ⁄16-in. sinker head and medium or
blunt diamond point. Also, bright or colored (baked-lacquer finished), stainless-steel, stainless steel, annularly threaded, 2 ⁄8 and
3 3
2 ⁄8 by× 0.083 and 0.095-in.0.095 nails with slightly countersunk ⁄16-in. head and medium diamond point. (See common siding
nail.)
Interior and Flooring2.2.4 INTERIOR AND FLOORING NAILS
brad*—small nail with small head.
brad, common wire— slender, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 by× 0.035 to 6 by 0.262-in.× 0.262 wire nails with brad 0.050 to
0.331-in.0.331 head and medium diamond point.
brad, cut—slender, usually small, regular-stock-steel nails of same thickness throughout, but tapering in width; with slight
projection on one side serving as head. Also, tapering, square-bodied, finishing nail with countersunk head.
casing nail*—bright or galvanized, slender, regular-stock-steel, 1 by× 0.067 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.135-in.× 0.135 nails with flat or cupped
0.099 to 0.177-in.0.177 casing head and medium diamond point for countersinking where concealment is important.
fine nail*—slender, bright steel or copper, 1 ⁄8 by× 0.072 with flat 0.172-in0.172 head, diamond point.
finishing nail*—slender, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 by× 0.058 to 4 by 0.135-in.× 0.135 nails with flat or cupped 0.086 to
0.177-in.0.177 brad head and medium diamond point for countersinking where concealment of head is important. (See also, fine
nail, moulding and trim nails, wallboard nails.)
flooring brad—bright, regular-stock–steel, 2 by× 0.120 to 4 by 0.192–in.× 0.192 nails with deep (32°) countersunk flat or
cupped 0.162 to 0.244–in.0.244 head and medium diamond point. Also, slender, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.076 to 2
⁄2 by 0.113–in.× 0.113 nails with deep (32°) countersunk flat or cupped or brad 0.128 to 0.155–in.0.155 head and blunt diamond
point.
machine flooring brad——bright, regular stock-steel, 1 by 0.072-in.× 0.072 nail with special 0.113-in.0.113 brad head with
cylindrical rim and medium diamond point.
flooring nail*—bright, stiff-stock or hardened-steel, helically and annularly threaded, 1 by× 0.072 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.148-in.0.148 nails
9 9
with flat or checkered ⁄64 to ⁄32-in. countersunk or casing head and blunt diamond point.
1 1 3
furring nail, self-furring nail—galvanized, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.106-in.× 0.106 nails with ⁄8-in. flat head,
medium diamond point, and washer or spacer on shank; for fastening reinforcing wire mesh and spacing it from nailing member.
1 1
moulding and trim nail—bright zinc-plated, slim, hardened-steel, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.054 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.083-in.× 0.083 nails with blunt
point and button head. (See finishing nail, fine nail, hardboard nail, insulation building-board nail, tileboard nail,
wallboard nail.)
1 1
parquet flooring nail—hardened-steel, annularly threaded, 1 ⁄8 by× 0.062 to 1 ⁄4 by 0.072-in.× 0.072 nails with deep
countersunk 0.080 to 0.113-in.0.113 casing head and diamond or needle point.
wallboard nail—slender, bright and colored (baked-lacquer finished), hardened-steel, smooth or annularly threaded, 1 ⁄8 by×
0.062 to 2 by 0.083-in.× 0.083 nails with slightly countersunk 0.109 to 0.181-in.0.181 head and medium diamond or long needle
point.
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Miscellaneous Construction2.2.5 MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION NAILS
brick-siding nail—galvanized, colored (baked-lacquer finished), plain-shank smooth shank barbed or annularly threaded,
7 1 3 1
regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 by× 0.092 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.099-in.× 0.099 nails with flat checkered ⁄16 or ⁄4-in. head and medium diamond
point.
common cut nail*—normally, wedge-shaped, ⁄2 to 6-in.6 nails of various types sheared from stiff-stock-sheet steel, with
sheared-square point end narrower than upset head end.
concrete nail*—hardened-steel, smooth or deformed shank round or square ⁄2 by× 0.148 to 3 by 0.181-in.× 0.181 nails with
flat countersunk ⁄16 to 0.284-in.0.284 head and medium diamond point.
7 5 1
corker nail*—usually coated, slender, regular-stock-steel, 1 by× 0.062 to 5 ⁄8 by 0.244-in.× 0.244 nails with ⁄32 to ⁄2-in. sinker
head and medium diamond point.
double-headed*, duplex-head, dual-head, nail—bright or coated, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.113 to 4 by 0.207-in.× 0.207
3 7 1 7
nails with double ⁄16 to ⁄16-in. head, medium diamond point, and ⁄4 to ⁄16-in. distance between head to be struck by hammer
and bearing head. Length of nails measured from bearing surface of head.
3 1
glulam rivet nail*—plainbright or galvanized, flat, hardened-steel, 2 ⁄8 by× ⁄4-in. nail with sheared V-shaped point and flat
upset wedge-shaped head; designed to be driven through undersize truncated apertures in regular-stock-steel connector plates
from which nails cantilever into wood.
1 3
gypsum-lath nail—bright or blued, regular-stock-steel, 1 by× 0.092 to 1 ⁄4 by× 0.166 and 1 ⁄4 by 0.092-in.× 0.092 nails with
19 3 1
large flat ⁄64 to ⁄8-in. head and long diamond point. Also, regular-stock-steel, 1 by× 0.120 to 1 ⁄2 by 0.148-in.× 0.148 nails with
1 1 1 19
flat ⁄2-in. head and medium diamond point. Also, aluminum-alloy, 1 ⁄8 by× 0.099 to 1 ⁄2 by 0.105-in.× 0.105 nails with flat ⁄64
or ⁄14-in. head and medium diamond point.
gypsum-wallboard nail*, gypsumboard nail*, drywall nail*—bright or blued, regular-stock-steel, annularly threaded, 1 ⁄8
1 19
by× 0.098 to 2 by 0.105-in.× 0.105 nails with flat, nub, or crossed slightly countersunk ⁄4 to ⁄64-in. head and long diamond
point. Also, slender, colored (baked-lacquer finished), regular-stock-steel, smooth or annularly threaded, 1 ⁄8 by 0.062 to 2 by
0.083-in.× 0.083 nails with slightly countersunk 0.181-in.0.181 head and medium diamond or long needle point.
insulation building-board nail, tileboard nail—galvanized, electro-galvanized or cadmium or nickel-plated, regular-stock-
1 3 3
steel, 1 ⁄4 and 1 ⁄4 by 0.054-in.× 0.054 nails with flat ⁄32-in. head and medium needle point. Also, plainbright or colored
1 3
(baked-lacquer finished) hardened-steel, smooth or annularly threaded, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.054 to 1 ⁄4 by 0.062-in.× 0.062 nails with
slightly countersunk 0.109-in.0.109 head and medium diamond or long needle point.
1 3 3
insulation-lath nail—blued, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄8 and 1 ⁄4 by 0.092-in.× 0.092 nails with flat ⁄8-in. head and long diamond
point. (See gypsum-lath nail.)
3 7
insulation-sheathing nail—galvanized, barbed, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 and 2 by× 0.115 or 0.120-in.0.120 nails with flat ⁄16 or
⁄2-in. head and medium diamond point.
lath nail*, metal-lath nail, hook-head metal-lath nail*—
straight—bright or blued steel 1 by× 0.058 to 1 ⁄2 by× 0.080 shank, 0.141 to 0.218 flat round head, diamond point.
1 7 1
hooked head*—bright, blued or zinc coated steel, 1 ⁄8 by 0.106-in.× 0.106 nail with thin flat ⁄16 or ⁄2-in. hook head and medium
diamond point.
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masonry nail*—plain,bright, electro-zinc-plated or galvanized, hardened-steel, knurled (longitudinally or nearly longitudinally
1 5 9
threaded or fluted), ⁄2 to 4 by× 0.148 or up to 0.250-in.0.250 nails with flat or checkered ⁄16 to ⁄16-in. head and medium diamond
point.
3 1
masonry stub nail*—smooth shank, zinc coated, 0.375 diameter flat or beveled flat head, ⁄8 to 2 ⁄2 × 0.148 diameter
sheet-metal nail—nail stamped out of sheet metal and formed to desired shape. (See roofing nail.)
tile nail—acoustical-tile nailslender, electroplated, regular-stock-steel or stiff-stock, 1 to 1 ⁄4 by 0.062-in.× 0.062 nails with
⁄4-in. projection head with 0.135-in.0.135 collar and sharp, blunt, or medium diamond point.
1 1 11
wood-lath nail—blued, regular-stock-steel, 1 and 1 ⁄8 by× 0.054 and 0.072-in.0.072 nails with flat ⁄8 to ⁄64-in. head and
medium diamond point.
2.3 NAIL TYPES USED IN SPECIALIZED APPLICATIONS
5 3 13 7
broom nail*—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 to ⁄4 by× 0.072 or 0.080-in.0.080 nails with flat ⁄64 or ⁄32 in. head and medium
diamond point.
cleat—L-shaped nail.
1 7 3 1
cleat nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄8 by× 0.080 to 1 ⁄8 by 0.106-in.× 0.106 nails with oval ⁄16 to ⁄4-in. head and duckbill
or clinch point. (See clinch nail.)
clinch nail—any nail designed for clinching after driving. Bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 by× 0.080 to 4 by 0.177-in.× 0.177 nails
3 3
with oval ⁄16 to ⁄8-in. head and duckbill or clinch point. (See cleat nail.)
3 1
clout nail—bright, steel, ⁄4 by× 0.072 to 1 ⁄2 by 0.092- in. × 0.092 nails with large flat 0.225 to 0.262-in.0.262 head and long
side point or duckbill point.
3 1
conduit nail—bright or copper-plated, steel or hardened steel, 1 ⁄4 to 3 ⁄2 by 0.161-in.× 0.161 nails with annularly threaded
1 3
shank; bent, curved hook head, and medium needle point. Different types of head designed for fastening ⁄2, ⁄4, or 1-in.1 conduit,
tubing, pipe, cable, etc.
cork-insulation nail—galvanized, regular-stock-steel, 3 to 9 by 0.148-in.× 0.148 nails with flat ⁄2-in. head and medium
diamond point.
escutcheon pin—small, regular-stock-steel or nonferrous, ⁄4 by 0.035 to 2 by 0.092-in. × 0.035 to 2 × 0.092 nails with oval
head and medium diamond point.
3 9 15
fence nail—stout, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.135 to 4 by 0.225-in.× 0.225 nails with large flat ⁄32 to ⁄32-in. head
and medium diamond point.
file-grip nail, file-thread nail—terms applied to helically threaded nails provided with file threads. (See thread.)
flattened-shank nail—round wire nail with portion of shank flattened for a certain distance between point and head to facilitate
driving of nail between steel members and wrapping of flattened portion of shank around steel rod during driving.
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foundry nail, smooth foundry nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄4 by× 0.120 to 9 by 0.162-in.× 0.162 nails with large thin flat
7 1
⁄16 to ⁄2-in. head and medium diamond point.
3 3
furniture nail—plated, regular-stock-steel or brass, ⁄8 to ⁄4-in. nails with extra large, decorative head and long diamond or
needle point.
hardened nail—heat-treated medium-low or medium-high carbon-steel nail.
1 3 3
hinge nail—light or heavy, bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by× ⁄16 to 4 by× ⁄8-in. nails with flat or oval countersunk (95°) or
1 1
oval ⁄4 to ⁄2-in. head and long diamond or chisel point.
3 5
hob nail—stout, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 to ⁄8-in. nails with large decorative (high square, fancy, round bevel, checkered, grooved,
etc.) head and sheared-bevel point.
lino-nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄8 by 0.062-in.× 0.062 nail with oval head and medium diamond point.
pallet nail*—bright, stiff-stock or hardened-steel, helically threaded (with medium lead angle) or annularly threaded, 1 ⁄2 by×
9 7
0.105 to 4 by 0.177-in.× 0.177 nails with smooth or checkered flat ⁄32 to ⁄16-in. head and medium or blunt diamond or blunt
chisel point.
peerless cut nail—name for small, regular-stock-steel, cut nails with broad flat circular head and sheared long-tapered square
point to facilitate clinching.
3 3
ratchet nail—bright, steel, ⁄4 to 2 by 0.120-in.× 0.120 nails with single-crest annular ratchet thread, flat ⁄8-in. head and medium
diamond point
roll-grooved nail—bright or plated, helically grooved, round-wire, stiff-stock, 1 by× 0.086 to 4 by 0.164-in.× 0.164 drive-screw
nails with no clearance between flutes and head, with flat or slightly countersunk head and medium or long diamond point, with
crest diameter being referred to as diameter.
3 1 9
shade bracket nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, ⁄4 to 1 by× 0.080 or 0.092-in.0.092 nails with slightly countersunk ⁄2 or ⁄32-in.
head and needle point.
11 7
smooth-edge carpet plywood strip nail— hardened-steel, ⁄16 by 0.105-in.× 0.105 nail with countersunk flat ⁄32-in. head and
long diamond point.
square-wire nail—bright, diagonally barbed, square-wire, regular-stock-steel, 2 by× 0.113 to 4 by 0.192-in.× 0.192 common
1 3 1 1
nails with ⁄4 to ⁄8-in. flat head and medium diamond point; also, 2 by× 0.099 and 2 ⁄2 by 0.113-in.× 0.113 box nails with ⁄4
17 1
and ⁄64-in. flat head and medium diamond point; also, 2 by× 0.091 and 2 ⁄2 by 0.099-in.× 0.099 finish nails with 0.124 and
1 9
0.131-in.0.131 flat head and medium diamond point; also, 1 ⁄2 by 0.131-in.× 0.131 truss nail with ⁄32-in. flat head and medium
diamond point.
stout nail—nails with shank diameter usually at least one gage larger than common nails of same length.
1 15 17
strap nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, 1 ⁄4 by× 0.092 to 2 by 0.113-in.× 0.113 nails with oval ⁄64 to ⁄64-in. head and short
diamond point.
1 1
strip nail—steel, 1 ⁄4 to 2 ⁄2-in. nails spot welded to disposable metal strip that feed nails into nailing machine provided with
F547 − 22
staple-type magazine. During punching of nail from strip, small washer is formed under head. Also, nail stored in special strip
to serve as magazine for feeding nailing machine.
T nail—bright, etched, coated, galvanized, aluminum-coated, plastic-coated, knurled or annularly threaded, stiff-stock or
1 5 17
aluminum-alloy, round-wire, 1 by× 0.080 to 2 ⁄2 by 0.131-in.× 0.131 nails of T shape with ⁄32 or ⁄64-in. round, square or
oval-finish head of sinker, with or without heavy fillet, and with diamond or chisel point; driven with special nailing machine
provided with staple-type magazine.
1 15
toothed nail—flat, L-shaped, ⁄2 to 1 ⁄16 –in. cleats, sheared from 16-gage steel sheet; provided with toothed serrations along
narrow sides of long shank and with slightly tapered, dull point; driven with special nailing machine provided with staple-type
magazine.
twisted nail—helically twisted, squarewire, ⁄2 by× 0.072 to 6 by 0.250-in.× 0.250 drivescrew nails, usually of tempered
stiff-stock, with flat or countersunk head and medium diamond point, with crest diameter being referred to as diameter.
twist nail—slender, copper or aluminum nails with flat head and medium needle point for twist clinching, that is, for having
part of nail shank twisted to form a clinched point.
upholstery nail—bright, regular-stock-steel, two-piece nails with extra-large specially formed head and medium diamond or
needle point.
“V” nail—headless nails with central V-shaped slot at head end.
wire nail—nail manufactured from metal wire or rod.
2.4 FINISH, COATING, AND GALVANIZATION TERMS
2.4.1 FINISH AND COATING TERMS
aluminized—dipped in molten aluminum for coating purposes resulting in smooth, continuous, and adherent aluminum coating.
anodized aluminum—natural-colored or surfacecolored aluminum having increased anodic corrosion resistance.
blued—heated to result in oxidized bluish surface of steel nail.
bright, bright finish—term applied to nails with natural bare surface resulting from cleaning of nails which have not undergone
treatments affecting finish, such as hardening, bluing, coating, plating, etching, painting, etc. Also applied to polished appearance
after plating.
cement-coated—surface coated by tumbling or immersion in natural resin or shellac to produce a limited temporary bond
between driven nail and surrounding wood, provided coating is not removed during driving, and to reduce rusting during storage.
clad—surface sheathed.
coated—covered fully or partially with natural resin or any other material that is retained on the surface to add lubricity,
conversion coating to provide ease of driving, increased holding power, corrosion resistance, enhance installed appearance or
a combination of these.
coppered, copper-washed—all surfaces chemically plated with copper, usually by chemical rather than electrolytic process.
(See electroplated.)
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electroplated—surface prov
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