ASTM D7887-13
(Guide)Standard Guide for Selection of Substitute, Non-hazardous, Liquid Filling Substances for Packagings Subjected to the United Nations Performance Tests
Standard Guide for Selection of Substitute, Non-hazardous, Liquid Filling Substances for Packagings Subjected to the United Nations Performance Tests
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Regulations prescribing the test procedures for hazardous materials packaging allow for the substitution of non-hazardous fill materials for packaging performance tests with certain limitations prescribed and guidance offered [See: 49 CFR 178.602(c)]. This regulatory guidance has proven to be flexible enough, in common industry practice, to produce variations in the selection of fill materials for package performance tests sufficient to cause inconsistent and non-repeatable test results. This variation creates significant problems in product liability, packaging selection and regulatory enforcement in this highly regulated industry. Use of this guide should enhance uniformity in test procedures.
5.2 Consistent and repeatable test results coupled with clear test fill product descriptions will enhance transportation safety by simplifying packaging selection. This will also increase the general level of confidence that package testing, manufacture and use are being guided by sound, generally accepted engineering principles. It also aids in clarifying expectations between the packaging industry and the regulatory authorities.
5.3 The guide will be used by packaging manufacturers, and packaging test labs to create packaging test plans that meet customer needs and conform to the HMR under the widest possible situational circumstances. In addition, for the user of a packaging, certain information about the type and physical characteristics of the material used to test the packaging must be available in the test report and/or notification instruction to allow them to evaluate whether a particular packaging was tested with a substitute material appropriate for the hazardous material to be shipped.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to clarify the selection, use and description criteria of non-hazardous liquid substitutes used to replace hazardous materials for the purpose of performance testing packagings. This includes identification of the physical parameters of substitute non-hazardous liquid test fill materials that may affect packaging performance and test results and should be considered when selecting and describing a test fill material that conforms to the requirements of the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR).
1.2 This guide provides information to assist packaging users, manufacturers, and performance testing service suppliers regarding the types of physical properties that should be considered when selecting substitute filling substances for the testing, certification and manufacture of packagings under the United Nations packaging protocols (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods-Model Regulations) as adopted by US DOT in 49 CFR HMR.
1.3 This guide provides the suggested minimum information concerning the physical characteristics of the filling substances that should be documented in the certification test report and notification to users to allow for test repeatability and analysis, and to provide guidance to the user of a packaging of pertinent physical differences between potential hazardous lading and the filling substance with which the packaging was tested.
1.4 This guide does not purport to address regulatory requirements regarding the compatibility of filling substances with transport packagings. Compatibility requirements must be assessed separately, but it should be noted that under certain national and international dangerous goods regulations, the selection of the filling substances for package performance testing may be prescribed with respect to chemical compatibility requirements.Note 1—Under the US HMR determination of packaging compatibility with a particular hazardous fill material is “the responsibility of the person offering the hazardous material for transportation” as prescribed in 49 CFR § 173.24(e).
1.5 The units of measurement are consistent with the HMR.
1.6 When testing packaging designs intended for hazardous mat...
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Designation: D7887 − 13
Standard Guide for
Selection of Substitute, Non-hazardous, Liquid Filling
Substances for Packagings Subjected to the United Nations
1
Performance Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7887; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE1—UndertheUSHMRdeterminationofpackagingcompatibility
1. Scope
with a particular hazardous fill material is “the responsibility of the person
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to clarify the selection, use
offering the hazardous material for transportation” as prescribed in 49
and description criteria of non-hazardous liquid substitutes CFR § 173.24(e).
used to replace hazardous materials for the purpose of perfor-
1.5 The units of measurement are consistent with the HMR.
mance testing packagings. This includes identification of the
1.6 When testing packaging designs intended for hazardous
physical parameters of substitute non-hazardous liquid test fill
materials (dangerous goods), the user of this guide shall be
materials that may affect packaging performance and test
trained in accordance with 49 CFR §172.700 and other
resultsandshouldbeconsideredwhenselectinganddescribing
applicable hazardous materials regulations such as the ICAO
a test fill material that conforms to the requirements of the
Technical Instructions, IMDG Code, other applicable national
Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR).
or international dangerous goods regulations that govern the
1.2 This guide provides information to assist packaging
testing, manufacture and use of packagings authorized for the
users,manufacturers,andperformancetestingservicesuppliers
transportation of Dangerous Goods, and carrier rules such as
regarding the types of physical properties that should be
the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
considered when selecting substitute filling substances for the
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
testing, certification and manufacture of packagings under the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
United Nations packaging protocols (UN Recommendations
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
on the Transport of Dangerous Goods-Model Regulations) as
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
adopted by US DOT in 49 CFR HMR.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This guide provides the suggested minimum informa-
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
tion concerning the physical characteristics of the filling
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
substances that should be documented in the certification test
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
report and notification to users to allow for test repeatability
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and analysis, and to provide guidance to the user of a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
packaging of pertinent physical differences between potential
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
hazardous lading and the filling substance with which the
packaging was tested. 2. Referenced Documents
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1.4 This guide does not purport to address regulatory
2.1 ASTM Standards:
requirements regarding the compatibility of filling substances D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
with transport packagings. Compatibility requirements must be
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
assessed separately, but it should be noted that under certain ity)
national and international dangerous goods regulations, the
D891 TestMethodsforSpecificGravity,Apparent,ofLiquid
selection of the filling substances for package performance Industrial Chemicals
testing may be prescribed with respect to chemical compatibil-
D1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
ity requirements. D4359 Test Method for Determining Whether a Material Is
a Liquid or a Solid
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
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Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.22 on Hazardous For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Materials. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7887-13. the ASTM website.
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