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ASTM F2039-00(2018)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Basic Elements of Shipboard Occupational Health and Safety Program

Standard Guide for Basic Elements of Shipboard Occupational Health and Safety Program

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide does not set specific performance or technical criteria, but recommends that companies set policies and objectives and develop procedures for managing their health and safety program. Companies should consider their unique organization, culture, and hazards on their vessels and the possible effects of their operations. The elements are intentionally flexible and may be tailored to address any size of operation or any vessel type. Note that although the standard is aimed at the shipboard occupational health and safety program, some of the elements address activities and commitments that must be completed or made by shore side personnel (for example, executive management commitment and provision of adequate resources). Key to the effectiveness of the program is the implementation of each element within an interconnected system.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the basic elements of a Shipboard Occupational Health and Safety Program (SOHSP). These elements are applicable to all vessel types including but not limited to tank vessels, dry bulk carriers, passenger vessels, roll-on roll-off vessels, ore bulk oilers, offshore supply vessels, tugboats, towboats, and barges. The elements described are fundamental pieces of a systematic occupational safety and health program and may be used by company line managers, health and safety personnel or consultants who are implementing, improving, or auditing the effectiveness of a shipboard health and safety program.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Sep-2018
ICS
13.100 - Occupational safety. Industrial hygiene
Technical Committee
F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
Drafting Committee
F25.07 - General Requirements
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM F3284-18 - Standard Guide for Recording and Reporting of Injuries and Illnesses for the Maritime Industry
Effective Date
01-Oct-2018

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ASTM F2039-00(2018) - Standard Guide for Basic Elements of Shipboard Occupational Health and Safety ProgramASTM F2039-00(2018) - Standard Guide for Basic Elements of Shipboard Occupational Health and Safety Program
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ASTM F2039-00(2018) - Standard Guide for Basic Elements of Shipboard Occupational Health and Safety Program
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2039 − 00 (Reapproved 2018) An American National Standard
Standard Guide for
Basic Elements of Shipboard Occupational Health and
1
Safety Program
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2039; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ANSI Z244.1-1982 (R1993) Safety Requirements for the
Lock Out/Tag Out of Energy Sources
1.1 This guide covers the basic elements of a Shipboard
ANSI/ASAS3.18-1979 (R1993) Guide for the Evaluation of
Occupational Health and Safety Program (SOHSP). These
Human Exposure to Whole Body Vibration
elements are applicable to all vessel types including but not
ANSI/ASA S3.44-1996 Determination of Occupational
limited to tank vessels, dry bulk carriers, passenger vessels,
Noise Exposure and Estimation of Noise-Induced Hearing
roll-on roll-off vessels, ore bulk oilers, offshore supply vessels,
Impairment
tugboats, towboats, and barges. The elements described are
ANSI/AWS Z49.1-1994 Safety in Welding, Cutting and
fundamental pieces of a systematic occupational safety and
Allied Processes
health program and may be used by company line managers,
2.2 Other Documents:
health and safety personnel or consultants who are
3
NFPA 306-1997 Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels
implementing, improving, or auditing the effectiveness of a
NFPA 1991-2000: Vapor Protective Suits for Hazardous
shipboard health and safety program.
3
Chemical Emergencies
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NFPA 1992-2000: Liquid Splash Protective Suits for Haz-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
ardous Chemical Emergencies
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4
IMO A.468(XII) Code on Noise Levels Onboard Ships
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
IMOA.849(20) CodeforInvestigationofMarineCasualties
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4
and Incidents
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
IMO A.864 (20) Recommendations for Entering Enclosed
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4
Spaces Aboard Ships
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5
46 CFR 16.210 Pre-Employment Testing Requirements
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
U.S. Coast Guard Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
2–98 Physical Evaluation Guidelines for Merchant Mari-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5
ner’s Documents and Licenses
2. Referenced Documents
3. Significance and Use
2
2.1 ANSI Standards:
3.1 This guide does not set specific performance or techni-
ANSI Z4.1-1986 Minimum Requirements for Sanitation in
cal criteria, but recommends that companies set policies and
Places of Employment
objectives and develop procedures for managing their health
ANSI Z41-1991 Personal Protection – Protective Footwear
and safety program. Companies should consider their unique
ANSI Z87.1-1989 Practice for Occupational and Educa-
organization, culture, and hazards on their vessels and the
tional Eye and Face Protection
possible effects of their operations.The elements are intention-
ANSI Z88.2-1992 Respiratory Protection
ally flexible and may be tailored to address any size of
ANSI Z89.1-1986 Protective Headwear for Industrial Work-
operation or any vessel type. Note that although the standard is
ers
aimedattheshipboardoccupationalhealthandsafetyprogram,
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and
3
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
General Requirements. Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
4
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally Available from International Maritime Organization (IMO), 4, Albert
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F2039 – 00 (2012). Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom, http://www.imo.org.
5
DOI: 10.1520/F2039-00R18. Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
2
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
...

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1.1 The purpose of this guide is to assist practitioners in the development, selection, design, and implementation of interim, short-term, or early action remedies undertaken at sites of waste contamination for the purpose of managing, controlling, or reducing risk posed by environmental site contamination. Early action remedies and strategies are applicable to the management of other regulatory processes (for example, state underground storage tank (UST) programs are equally applicable) in addition to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA)/National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contigency Plan (NCP) process. This guide identifies and describes a standard process, technical requirements, information needs, benefits, and strategy for early actions.  
1.2 This guide is applicable to both nonhazardous and hazardous sites of contamination as defined by CERCLA as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) as amended by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1986.  
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5.1 The term appearance (see 3.2.1) implies the essential presence of human visual observations. The results of visual observation involve not only the step of observing, accomplished by the eye, but also the inseparable step of interpretation in the brain. Instrumental test methods currently cannot duplicate this second step, and therefore can now only approximate, but not fully measure, appearance. Such instrumental measures of appearance properties are useful only to the extent that they can be correlated to the results of visual observations by observers of the appearance phenomena being evaluated.  
5.2 Almost invariably, too little attention has been paid to ensuring that the essential visual observations have been properly obtained to provide the basis for correlating visual and instrumental test results.  
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SCOPE
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Standard Guide for Safety and Health Requirements Relating to Occupational Exposure to Water-Insoluble Chromates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide includes chromates that are not readily soluble in water and that have water solubilities (Chromate ION) within the range of the more soluble calcium chromate and the much less soluble lead chromate. The major occupations involving potential exposure to insoluble chromates are in roasting of chromite ore, the manufacture of chromate pigments, the manufacture of coatings containing chromate pigments, and spray painting with these coatings. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that trivalent chromium compounds are carcinogenic.
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5.1 The objective of this standard is to provide guidelines to Committee D22 for the evaluation of the precision and bias, or both, of ASTM standard methods and practices at the time of their development. Such an evaluation is necessary to assure that a cross section of interested laboratories could perform the test and achieve satisfactory results, using the method as written. It also provides guidance to the user as to what levels of precision and accuracy may be expected in such usage.  
5.2 The write-up of the method describes the media for which the test method is believed to be appropriate. The collaborative test corroborates the write-up within the limitations of the test design. A collaborative test can only use representative media so that universal applicability cannot be implied from the results.  
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5.1 The procedures in this practice support the determination of the burn hazard potential for a heated surface. These procedures provide an estimate of the maximum skin contact temperature and must be used in conjunction with Guide C1055 to evaluate the surface hazard potential.  
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5.5 Cold Surface Exposure—No consensus criteria exists for the destruction of skin cells by freezing. If, at some future time, such criteria are developed, extrapolation of the techniques presented here will serve as a basis for cold surface exposure evaluation.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for evaluating the skin contact temperature for heated surfaces. Two complimentary procedures are presented. The first is a purely mathematical approximation that is used during design or for worst case evaluation. The second method describes the thermesthesiometer, an instrument that analogues the human sensory mechanism and is only used on operating systems.  
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4.1 Application of this guide will provide users with information on how to use the various documents listed in Section 2 related to health and safety of metalworking and metal removal fluids.  
4.2 Users of the documents listed in Section 2 may fall into several categories, such as producers of metalworking or metal removal fluids, suppliers of raw materials to those producers, users of metalworking or metal removal fluids, and other interested parties such as non-governmental organizations.  
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4.4.1.1 Test Method E1687 covers a microbiological test procedure based upon the Salmonella  mutagenesis assay of Ames et al.7 (see also Maron et al.).8 It can be used as a screening technique to detect the presence of potential dermal carcinogens in virgin base oils used in the formulation of metalworking oils. Persons who use this test should be well versed in the conduct of the Ames test and conversant with the physical and chemical properties of petroleum products.
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5.1 This guide is designed to help identify and integrate affected stakeholder interests and to include relevant scientific and technical information when developing occupational safety and health standards that include or are proposed to include an OEG.  
5.2 This guide shall be used when updating an occupational safety and health standard containing an OEG.  
5.3 While use of the CBSD process is required for occupational safety and health standards that include an OEG, it may also be used to improve stakeholder involvement and technical input for other occupational safety and health standards.  
5.4 The CBSD process is intended:
(1) To obtain representation on the committee or subcommittee from sectors that are substantially impacted by a specific standard project; and
(2) To obtain adequate input when the project requires review and analysis of information that is highly technical, very specialized, or not widely available.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder-focused, consensus-based decision-making process for occupational safety and health standard development activities that include adoption or development of occupational exposure guidelines (OEGs) as a part of occupational health and safety standards.  
1.2 This guide applies to safety and health standard development activities in which an occupational exposure guideline will be included as one element of a comprehensive standard that addresses safety and health management strategies such as communication, monitoring, and controls. It is not meant to be used to develop an OEG apart from the context of such management strategies. In cases where other occupational exposure limit (OEL) establishing bodies have developed OELs, those may be reviewed, assimilated, or adapted rather than recreated ab initio.  
1.3 This guide does not replace existing consensus-based decision-making or committee participation processes that are used to develop safety and health standards. It is intended to be used in conjunction with such processes to improve scientific and technical input and stakeholder involvement in occupational safety and health decision-making for such standards.  
1.4 Limitations—This guide does not prescribe specific methods for generating or evaluating scientific and technical data related to assessing a particular occupational safety and health issue. Occupational safety and health standards apply to a wide variety of substances and occupational exposure circumstances. It is not possible to anticipate all situations where an OEG may be useful for a standard. This guide will be helpful in promoting appropriate balance and input, but the consensus process must deal with real-world complexities that individual standards may involve.  
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Standard Practice for Sampling Workplace Atmospheres to Collect Gases or Vapors with Solid Sorbent Diffusive Samplers

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5.1 Regulations such as those promulgated by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration in Title 29CFR 1910.1000 designate that certain hazardous gases and vapors must not be present in the workplace air at concentrations above specific values.  
5.2 This practice, when used in conjunction with an analytical technique, such as that given for organic compounds in Test Method D3687, may provide a means for the determination of time-weighted airborne concentrations of many of the hazardous gases and vapors in applicable regulations (for example, Title 29CFR 1910.1000), as well as others.  
5.3 The manufacturer’s literature should be consulted for the appropriate list of chemicals which may be sampled by a particular device.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of workplace atmospheres for the presence of certain gases or vapors by means of diffusion across a specified quiescent region and subsequent sorption on a solid sorbent (1).2  
1.2 A list of organic compounds which are applicable to solid sorbent sampling where the sorbent is contained in a bed through which air is passed is given in Annex A1 of Practice D3686. Diffusive samplers may be applicable to a similar range of compounds but this must be confirmed by reference to the individual sampler manufacturer’s literature.  
1.3 The valid use of diffusive samplers depends on the existence of actual laboratory or field validation, or both. Guidance on validation can be obtained from published protocols (2-6). This practice is not designed to cover the verification, validation, or specific test procedures used to assess the accuracy or precision of diffusive samplers.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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