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ASTM D2982-98e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils

Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the qualitative determination of glycol-base antifreeze in used lubricating oils (mineral base) by two procedures, one using reagents in tablet form and the other using laboratory shelf reagents. Principally the test methods detect ethylene glycol but will also detect other 1,2-glycols that may be present.
1.1.1 When a positive result is obtained and a sample of the unused oil is available, the unused oil is also tested and used as a reference.
Note 1—Since the inception of this test method (1971), there have been many changes in base stock technology and additive technology. Therefore, when available, the new, unused oil, or a sample of the same used oil, known to not contain antifreeze, is tested as a reference.
1.2 The tablet procedure (Procedure A) is sensitive to about 100 mg/kg and the shelf reagent procedure (Procedure B) to about 300 mg/kg of ethylene glycol.
1.3 Carbohydrates such as sugars and sugar-containing substances are sometimes used for sabotage purposes. If the presence of these substances is suspected, Procedure A contains a modification to remove these interferences.
1.4 Both procedures are adaptable to field kit use, and brief descriptions for converting to field kit form are given in .
1.4.1 Commercial field testing kits are available.
1.5 The results obtained by this method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the procedures, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-1998
ICS
71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.06 - Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2982-98 - Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
10-Dec-1998
Replaced By
ASTM D2982-98(2004) - Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM B999-15(2022) - Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloys Plating, Electrodeposited Coatings of Titanium and Titanium Alloys on Conductive and Non-Conductive Substrate
Effective Date
10-Dec-1998
Referred By
ASTM D4291-21 - Standard Test Method for Trace Ethylene Glycol in Used Engine Oil
Effective Date
10-Dec-1998
Referred By
ASTM D6224-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Lubricating Oil for Auxiliary Power Plant Equipment
Effective Date
10-Dec-1998

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ASTM D2982-98e1 - Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating OilsASTM D2982-98e1 - Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils
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ASTM D2982-98e1 - Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
e1
Designation:D2982–98
Standard Test Methods for
1
Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2982; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in November 2001.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 These test methods describe the qualitative determina-
tion of glycol-base antifreeze in used lubricating oils (mineral
2. Referenced Documents
base) by two procedures, one using reagents in tablet form and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the other using laboratory shelf reagents. Principally the test
D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
methods detect ethylene glycol but will also detect other
3
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
1,2-glycols that may be present.
4
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.1.1 When a positive result is obtained and a sample of the
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
unused oil is available, the unused oil is also tested and used as
5
Petroleum Products
a reference.
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
5
NOTE 1—Since the inception of this test method (1971), there have
Products, and Lubricants
been many changes in base stock technology and additive technology. 5
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum
Therefore, when available, the new, unused oil, or a sample of the same
used oil, known to not contain antifreeze, is tested as a reference.
3. Terminology
1.2 The tablet procedure (ProcedureA) is sensitive to about
3.1 Definitions:
100 mg/kg and the shelf reagent procedure (Procedure B) to
3.1.1 glycol-base antifreeze, n— in engine coolants, ethyl-
about 300 mg/kg of ethylene glycol.
ene or propylene glycol commonly used in admixture with
1.3 Carbohydrates such as sugars and sugar-containing
water and additives to lower the coolant freezing point.
substances are sometimes used for sabotage purposes. If the
3.1.2 used oil, n—any oil that has been in a piece of
presence of these substances is suspected, Procedure A con-
equipment (for example, an engine, gear box, transformer, or
tains a modification to remove these interferences.
turbine) whether operated or not.
1.4 Both procedures are adaptable to field kit use, and brief
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In the development of this test method,
descriptions for converting to field kit form are given inAnnex
the used oil is a mineral lubricating oil from an engine
A1.
crankcase. D4175
2
1.4.1 Commercial field testing kits are available.
1.5 The results obtained by this method are qualitative 4. Summary of Test Methods
expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in
4.1 Theethyleneglycolisextractedfromthesamplewithan
the procedures, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the
acid solution and oxidized to formaldehyde with periodic acid
standard.
which is detected colorimetrically with decolorized fuchsin.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Leakage of glycol-base antifreeze into the crankcase is
serious because the coolant tends to interfere with the lubricant
and its ability to lubricate; it also promotes sludging. Ethylene
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
glycol present in the coolant can increase varnish deposit
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and are the direct responsibility of Subcommit-
formation in the crankcase as a result of glycol oxidation and
tee D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
the interaction between glycol and lubricant. Furthermore,
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1998. Published February 1999. Originally
published as D 2982–71T. Last previous edition D 2982–93.
2
The Gly-Tek Test Kit is available from the Nelco Co., 1047 McKnight Rd., S.,
3
St. Paul, MN 55119, and in Canada, it is available from Metro Tech Preventative Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
4
Maintenance Ltd., 112-5621, 11th St., N.E., Calgary, AB, Canada T2E 6Z7. Test Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
5
instructions are provided with the kit. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
e1
D2982–98
because glycol is a higher boiling material than water, it will 8.3 Unde
...

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Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Leakage of glycol-base antifreeze into the crankcase is serious because the coolant tends to interfere with the lubricant and its ability to lubricate; it also promotes sludging. Ethylene glycol present in the coolant can increase varnish deposit formation in the crankcase as a result of glycol oxidation and the interaction between glycol and lubricant. Furthermore, because glycol is a higher boiling material than water, it will tend to stay longer in the crankcase oil than water. Lubricant displacement, sludging, and deposit formation all lead to engine malfunction and possible seizure.  
5.2 These tests are designed to detect glycol-base coolant contamination even at low levels because early detection enables corrective measures to be taken to prevent leaking coolant from accumulating and seriously damaging the engine.  
5.3 These test methods are also significant because the reagents can be packaged as a field kit, and the procedure can be followed at the site where there is a concern.
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1.1 These test methods cover the qualitative determination of glycol-base antifreeze in used lubricating oils (mineral base) by two procedures, one using reagents in tablet form and the other using laboratory shelf reagents. Principally the test methods detect ethylene glycol but will also detect other 1,2-glycols that may be present.  
1.1.1 When a positive result is obtained and a sample of the unused oil is available, the unused oil is also tested and used as a reference.
Note 1: Since the inception of this test method (1971), there have been many changes in base stock technology and additive technology. Therefore, when available, the new, unused oil, or a sample of the same used oil, known to not contain antifreeze, is tested as a reference.  
1.2 The tablet procedure (Procedure A) is sensitive to about 100 mg/kg and the shelf reagent procedure (Procedure B) to about 300 mg/kg of ethylene glycol.  
1.3 Glycol-based coolant leaks into crankcases may not be detected or may result in a low bias using these test methods if the glycol has degraded or been thermally or otherwise oxidized. The conditions in crankcases may be such that contaminant glycols are oxidized or degraded to a degree to which the color indicator reaction does not occur or is biased enough so as to not trigger the color change. Other test methods for the detection of coolants or coolant additives in lubricating oils should be used if the results from these test methods alone are inconclusive or questionable.  
1.4 Carbohydrates such as sugars and sugar-containing substances are sometimes used for sabotage purposes. If the presence of these substances is suspected, Procedure A contains a modification to remove these interferences.  
1.5 Both procedures are adaptable to field kit use, and brief descriptions for converting to field kit form are given in Annex A1.  
1.5.1 Commercial field testing kits are available.2,3  
1.6 The results obtained by this method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the procedures, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D2982-07(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Detecting Glycol-Base Antifreeze in Used Lubricating Oils

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Leakage of glycol-base antifreeze into the crankcase is serious because the coolant tends to interfere with the lubricant and its ability to lubricate; it also promotes sludging. Ethylene glycol present in the coolant can increase varnish deposit formation in the crankcase as a result of glycol oxidation and the interaction between glycol and lubricant. Furthermore, because glycol is a higher boiling material than water, it will tend to stay longer in the crankcase oil than water. Lubricant displacement, sludging, and deposit formation all lead to engine malfunction and possible seizure.  
5.2 These tests are designed to detect glycol-base coolant contamination even at low levels because early detection enables corrective measures to be taken to prevent leaking coolant from accumulating and seriously damaging the engine.  
5.3 These test methods are also significant because the reagents can be packaged as a field kit, and the procedure can be followed at the site where there is a concern.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the qualitative determination of glycol-base antifreeze in used lubricating oils (mineral base) by two procedures, one using reagents in tablet form and the other using laboratory shelf reagents. Principally the test methods detect ethylene glycol but will also detect other 1,2-glycols that may be present.  
1.1.1 When a positive result is obtained and a sample of the unused oil is available, the unused oil is also tested and used as a reference.
Note 1: Since the inception of this test method (1971), there have been many changes in base stock technology and additive technology. Therefore, when available, the new, unused oil, or a sample of the same used oil, known to not contain antifreeze, is tested as a reference.  
1.2 The tablet procedure (Procedure A) is sensitive to about 100 mg/kg and the shelf reagent procedure (Procedure B) to about 300 mg/kg of ethylene glycol.  
1.3 Glycol-based coolant leaks into crankcases may not be detected or may result in a low bias using these test methods if the glycol has degraded or been thermally or otherwise oxidized. The conditions in crankcases may be such that contaminant glycols are oxidized or degraded to a degree to which the color indicator reaction does not occur or is biased enough so as to not trigger the color change. Other test methods for the detection of coolants or coolant additives in lubricating oils should be used if the results from these test methods alone are inconclusive or questionable.  
1.4 Carbohydrates such as sugars and sugar-containing substances are sometimes used for sabotage purposes. If the presence of these substances is suspected, Procedure A contains a modification to remove these interferences.  
1.5 Both procedures are adaptable to field kit use, and brief descriptions for converting to field kit form are given in Annex A1.  
1.5.1 Commercial field testing kits are available.2,3  
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    English language
    sale 15% off