ASTM D4530-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The carbon residue value of the various petroleum materials serves as an approximation of the tendency of the material to form carbonaceous type deposits under degradation conditions similar to those used in the test method, and can be useful as a guide in manufacture of certain stocks. However, care needs to be exercised in interpreting the results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (see Note 1) formed after evaporation and pyrolysis of petroleum materials under certain conditions and is intended to provide some indication of the relative coke forming tendency of such materials.
1.2 The test results are equivalent to the Conradson Carbon Residue test (see Test Method D189).
Note 1—This procedure is a modification of the original method and apparatus for carbon residue of petroleum materials, where it has been demonstrated that thermogravimetry is another applicable technique. However, it is the responsibility of the operator to establish operating conditions to obtain equivalent results when using thermogravimetry.
1.3 This test method is applicable to petroleum products that partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure and was tested for carbon residue values of 0.10 to 30 % (m/m). Samples expected to be below 0.10 weight % (m/m) residue should be distilled to remove 90 % (V/V) of the flask charge (see Section 9). The 10 % bottoms remaining is then tested for carbon residue by this test method.
1.4 Ash-forming constituents, as defined by Test Method D482, or non-volatile additives present in the sample will add to the carbon residue value and be included as part of the total carbon residue value reported.
1.5 Also in diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates, such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which may lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke-forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel may be detected by Test Method D4046.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6.1 Exception—6.4 and 6.5 include inch-pound units.
1.7 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.2.3 and 8.4.
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Designation: D4530 − 11
StandardTest Method for
1
Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4530; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.7 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheamount
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
of carbon residue (see Note 1) formed after evaporation and
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
pyrolysis of petroleum materials under certain conditions and
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
is intended to provide some indication of the relative coke
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
forming tendency of such materials.
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
1.2 The test results are equivalent to the Conradson Carbon
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
Residue test (see Test Method D189).
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
NOTE 1—This procedure is a modification of the original method and
apparatus for carbon residue of petroleum materials, where it has been
may be prohibited by law.
2
demonstrated that thermogravimetry is another applicable technique.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
However, it is the responsibility of the operator to establish operating
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
conditions to obtain equivalent results when using thermogravimetry.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3 Thistestmethodisapplicabletopetroleumproductsthat
priate safety practices and to determine the applicability of
partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure and
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning
was tested for carbon residue values of 0.10 to 30 % (m⁄m).
statements, see 8.2.3 and 8.4.
Samples expected to be below 0.10 weight % (m/m) residue
should be distilled to remove 90 % (V/V) of the flask charge
2. Referenced Documents
(see Section 9). The 10 % bottoms remaining is then tested for
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
carbon residue by this test method.
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petro-
1.4 Ash-forming constituents, as defined by Test Method
leum Products
D482, or non-volatile additives present in the sample will add
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
to the carbon residue value and be included as part of the total
D4046 Test Method for Alkyl Nitrate in Diesel Fuels by
carbon residue value reported.
Spectrophotometry
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.5 Alsoindieselfuel,thepresenceofalkylnitrates,suchas
Petroleum Products
amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
carbon residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which
Petroleum Products
may lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke-forming
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel
E133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
may be detected by Test Method D4046.
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4
Specification for IP Standard Thermometers
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.6.1 Exception—6.4 and 6.5 include inch-pound units.
3.1 Definitions:
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 15, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally the ASTM website.
4
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D4530–07. DOI: “Methods for Analysis and Testing,” Institute of Petroleum Standard Methods
10.1520/D4530-11. for Petroleum and Its Products, Part I, Vol 2. Available from Energy Institute, 61
2
See Fuel, Vol 63, July 1984, pp. 931–934. New Cavendish St., London, WIM 8AR, UK.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4530–07 Designation:D4530–11
Standard Test Method for
1
Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4530; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (see Note 1) formed after evaporation and
pyrolysis of petroleum materials under certain conditions and is intended to provide some indication of the relative coke forming
tendency of such materials.
1.2 The test results are equivalent to the Conradson Carbon Residue test (see Test Method D189).
NOTE 1—This procedure is a modification of the original method and apparatus for carbon residue of petroleum materials, where it has been
2
demonstrated that thermogravimetry is another applicable technique. However, it is the responsibility of the operator to establish operating conditions
to obtain equivalent results when using thermogravimetry.
1.3 This test method is applicable to petroleum products that partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure and
was tested for carbon residue values of 0.10 to 30 % (m/m). Samples expected to be below 0.10 weight % (m/m) residue should
bedistilledtoremove90 %(V/V)oftheflaskcharge(seeSection9).The10 %bottomsremainingisthentestedforcarbonresidue
by this test method.
1.4 Ash-forming constituents, as defined by Test Method D482, or non-volatile additives present in the sample will add to the
carbon residue value and be included as part of the total carbon residue value reported.
1.5 Also in diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates, such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon
residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which may lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke-forming propensity of the
fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel may be detected by Test Method D4046.
1.6The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6.1 Exception—6.4 and 6.5 include inch-pound units.
1.7 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.2.3 and 8.4.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
D4046 Test Method for Alkyl Nitrate in Diesel Fuels by Spectrophotometry
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.06 on
Analysis of Lubricants.
´1
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4530–06 . DOI:
10.1520/D4530-07.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay15,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapprovedin1985.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2007asD4530–07.DOI:10.1520/D4530-11.
2
See Fuel, Vol 63, July 1984, pp. 931–934.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM web
...
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