ASTM D8413-22
(Guide)Standard Guide for Measuring the Water Pore Volume of Catalytic Materials by Centrifuge
Standard Guide for Measuring the Water Pore Volume of Catalytic Materials by Centrifuge
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides an alternative way to measure the porosity of catalytic materials without the use of mercury porosimetry. It is useful for research and development as well as quality control purposes. (See Test Methods D4284 and D6761.)
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes how to measure the pore volume of catalytic materials by water immersion with the excess water removed with a centrifuge. The measured pore volume is converted to the dry pore volume by using the loss on ignition (LOI) of the material. It is generally applicable to both powdered materials and particles greater than about 1 mm.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Mar-2022
- Technical Committee
- D32 - Catalysts
- Drafting Committee
- D32.02 - Physical-Mechanical Properties
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2008
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2004
Overview
ASTM D8413-22: Standard Guide for Measuring the Water Pore Volume of Catalytic Materials by Centrifuge provides a mercury-free method to assess the porosity of catalytic materials. Published by ASTM International, this guide is applicable to a wide range of catalytic materials, including powders and particles greater than 1 mm in diameter. By measuring water pore volume using water immersion and centrifugation, and adjusting to the dry state using loss on ignition (LOI), this standard offers a practical process for both research and quality control in catalyst manufacturing and evaluation.
Key Topics
- Water Pore Volume Measurement: The guide details a procedure in which catalytic materials are immersed in water, and excess water is removed using a centrifuge. This determines the pore volume based on water absorption rather than hazardous mercury porosimetry.
- Loss on Ignition (LOI) Correction: The water pore volume measurement is converted to a dry pore volume using the LOI method, offering an accurate representation of the porosity in the absence of moisture or volatile components.
- Applicability: The method is suitable for both fine powdered catalysts and larger, granular particles over 1 mm, making it versatile for diverse catalyst forms.
- Equipment and Materials: Requirements include a precision balance, specialized centrifuge tubes, a laboratory centrifuge with suitable force, deionized water, glassware, a furnace for LOI, and related laboratory apparatus.
- Safety and Best Practices: While the method presents no specific hazards, users are required to employ standard laboratory safety practices and consider any regulatory limitations.
Applications
The procedure outlined in ASTM D8413-22 is especially valuable for:
- Catalyst Research and Development: Laboratories seeking non-toxic, reliable measurements of pore volume during new catalyst formulation.
- Production Quality Control: Manufacturers can routinely verify batch-to-batch consistency in catalyst porosity, crucial for performance in subsequent chemical processes.
- Mercury-Free Porosity Testing: Facilities or regions limiting mercury use benefit from this water-based alternative, supporting environmental and occupational safety objectives.
- Comparison with Other Methods: Producers can use this guide alongside traditional mercury porosimetry (e.g., ASTM D4284) to cross-validate porosity results.
This method should not be used with materials that react with or dissolve in water.
Related Standards
For comprehensive or complementary pore volume testing in catalysis, consider these referenced ASTM standards:
- ASTM D4284: Test Method for Determining Pore Volume Distribution of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry.
- ASTM D6761: Test Method for Determination of the Total Pore Volume of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers.
- ASTM D3766: Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis.
- ASTM E1272: Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders.
- STP 447A: Manual on Test Sieving Methods (for sample splitting and riffle sampling techniques).
Practical Value
The ASTM D8413-22 standard offers laboratories and catalyst producers a reliable, reproducible, and non-hazardous method for measuring water pore volume in catalytic materials. This improves workflow safety, aligns with global best practices, and supports quality assurance in catalyst manufacturing. By standardizing the measurement process, organizations can ensure consistent product quality, facilitate international trade, and meet environmental compliance requirements.
Keywords: catalytic materials, pore volume, porosity measurement, water adsorption, loss on ignition, centrifuge method, mercury-free porosimetry, catalyst quality control
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D8413-22 is a guide published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Guide for Measuring the Water Pore Volume of Catalytic Materials by Centrifuge". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This guide provides an alternative way to measure the porosity of catalytic materials without the use of mercury porosimetry. It is useful for research and development as well as quality control purposes. (See Test Methods D4284 and D6761.) SCOPE 1.1 This guide describes how to measure the pore volume of catalytic materials by water immersion with the excess water removed with a centrifuge. The measured pore volume is converted to the dry pore volume by using the loss on ignition (LOI) of the material. It is generally applicable to both powdered materials and particles greater than about 1 mm. 1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This guide provides an alternative way to measure the porosity of catalytic materials without the use of mercury porosimetry. It is useful for research and development as well as quality control purposes. (See Test Methods D4284 and D6761.) SCOPE 1.1 This guide describes how to measure the pore volume of catalytic materials by water immersion with the excess water removed with a centrifuge. The measured pore volume is converted to the dry pore volume by using the loss on ignition (LOI) of the material. It is generally applicable to both powdered materials and particles greater than about 1 mm. 1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D8413-22 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 19.120 - Particle size analysis. Sieving; 71.040.30 - Chemical reagents. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D8413-22 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D3766-24a, ASTM D3766-24, ASTM E1272-02(2019), ASTM D3766-08(2018), ASTM D4284-12(2017)e1, ASTM D3766-08(2013), ASTM E1272-02(2012), ASTM D4284-12, ASTM D6761-07(2012), ASTM D3766-08, ASTM D3766-86(2007), ASTM E1272-02(2007), ASTM D6761-07, ASTM D4284-07, ASTM D6761-04a. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D8413-22 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8413 − 22
Standard Guide for
Measuring the Water Pore Volume of Catalytic Materials by
Centrifuge
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8413; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other ASTM Documents:
STP 447A Manual on Test Sieving Methods
1.1 This guide describes how to measure the pore volume of
catalytic materials by water immersion with the excess water
3. Terminology
removed with a centrifuge. The measured pore volume is
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D3766.
converted to the dry pore volume by using the loss on ignition
(LOI) of the material. It is generally applicable to both
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
powdered materials and particles greater than about 1 mm.
3.2.1 water pore volume, n—also known as the pore volume
determined by water absorption, is a measure of the porosity of
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
a catalytic material.
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4. Summary of Guide
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 This guide measures pore volume by water immersion
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
withtheexcesswaterremovedwithacentrifuge.Themeasured
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pore volume is converted to the dry pore volume by using the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
LOI of the material.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 This guide provides an alternative way to measure the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
porosity of catalytic materials without the use of mercury
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
porosimetry. It is useful for research and development as well
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
as quality control purposes. (See Test Methods D4284 and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D6761.)
2. Referenced Documents
6. Interferences
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.1 There are no known interferences. This method cannot
D3766 Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis
be used for materials that react with or dissolve in water.
D4284 Test Method for Determining Pore Volume Distribu-
tion of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers by Mercury Intru-
7. Apparatus
sion Porosimetry
D6761 Test Method for Determination of the Total Pore 7.1 Balance, accurate to nearest 0.0001 g.
Volume of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers
7.2 Centrifuge Tubes, custom made according to the draw-
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
ingsshowninFigs.1and2.Fig.1depictsthetubedesignedfor
ders
particles. As drawn, Fig. 1 illustrates a holder for measuring
>~5 mm particles as the hole sizes shown are 5 mm. The hole
sizes used must be small enough to retain the sample when
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D32 on Catalysts and
analyzing smaller pieces. Fig. 2 describes the tube used for
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-Mechanical
Properties. powders. These tubes can be fabricated from any suitable
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published April 2022. Originally
material, including glasses such as borosilicate glass or plastics
approved in 2021. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D8413 – 21. DOI:
such as nylon.
10.1520/D8413-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer
the ASTM website. Service at service@astm.org.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
D8413 − 22
NOTE—These tubes can be fabricated from any suitable material, including glasses such as borosilicate glass or plastics such as nylon.
FIG. 1 Sample Holder for Particles >1 mm
7.3 Centrifuge, capable of a force of at least 456 G and 12. Calibration and Standardization
equipped with timer, speed control and shields, such as a
12.1 Follow the centrifuge maker’s recommendations.
Dynac 11 or equivalent. (See Note 1.)
13. Conditioning
NOTE 1—The relative centrifuge force (RCF) should be 456 G. For the
Dynac 11, this corresponds to a speed of 1500 rpm. RCF is given by:
13.1 None required exce
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D8413 − 21 D8413 − 22
Standard Guide for
Measuring the Water Pore Volume of Catalytic Materials by
Centrifuge
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8413; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide describes how to measure the pore volume of catalytic materials by water immersion with the excess water removed
with a centrifuge. The measured pore volume is converted to the dry pore volume by using the loss on ignition (LOI) of the
material. It is generally applicable to both powdered materials and particles greater than about 1 mm.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3766 Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis
D4284 Test Method for Determining Pore Volume Distribution of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers by Mercury Intrusion
Porosimetry
D6761 Test Method for Determination of the Total Pore Volume of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders
2.2 Other ASTM Documents:
STP 447A Manual on Test Sieving Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D3766.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 on Catalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021April 1, 2022. Published November 2021April 2022. Originally approved in 2021. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as
D8413 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/D8413-21.10.1520/D8413-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D8413 − 22
3.2.1 water pore volume, n—also known as the pore volume determined by water absorption, is a measure of the porosity of a
catalytic material.
4. Summary of Guide
4.1 This guide measures pore volume by water immersion with the excess water removed with a centrifuge. The measured pore
volume is converted to the dry pore volume by using the LOI of the material.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This guide provides an alternative way to measure the porosity of catalytic materials without the use of mercury porosimetry.
It is useful for research and development as well as quality control purposes. (See Test Methods D4284 and D6761.)
6. Interferences
6.1 There are no known interferences. This method cannot be used for materials that react with or dissolve in water.
7. Apparatus
7.1 Balance, accurate to nearest 0.0001 g.
7.2 Centrifuge Tubes, custom made according to the drawings using shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 depicts the tube described in
designed for particles. As drawn, Fig. 1 for particles >~1 mm or the tube described in illustrates a holder for measuring >~5 mm
particles as the hole sizes shown are 5 mm. The hole sizes used must be small enough to retain the sample when analyzing smaller
pieces. Fig. 2 describes the tube used for powders. These tubes can be fabricated from any suitable material, including glasses such
as borosilicate glass or plastics such as nylon.
7.3 Centrifuge, capable of a force of at least 456 G and equipped with timer, speed control and shields, such as a Dynac 11 or
equivalent. (See Note 1.)
NOTE 1—The relative centrifuge force (RCF) should be 456 G. For the Dynac 11, this corresponds to a speed of 1500 rpm. RCF is given by: Rpm
5= RCF / 28.4 r 31000 where r is the top radius in inches of the rotor.
~ !
NOTE 1—These tubes can be fabricated from any suitable material, including glasses such as borosilicate glass or plastics such as nylon.
NOTE—These tubes can be fabricated from any suitable material, including glasses such as borosilicate glass or plastics such as nylon.
FIG. 1 Sample Holder for >1 mm ParticlesParticles >1 mm
D8413 − 22
NOTE 1—These tubes ca
...
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