ASTM F1108-21

Standard Specification for Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium Alloy Castings for Surgical Implants (UNS R56406)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements for cast titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium alloy (UNS R56406). Castings conforming to this specification shall be produced by vacuum investment casting. Castings covered by this specification shall be in the annealed and hot isostatically pressed condition. Product castings shall conform to the requirements prescribed. Material supplied under this specification shall conform to the mechanical property requirements prescribed. Chemical analysis, product analysis, tension tests, fluorescent penetrant examination, and radiographic examination shall be performed to meet the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements for cast titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium alloy (UNS R56406).  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Sep-2021
• ICS: 11.040.40 - Implants for surgery, prosthetics and orthotics
• Technical Committee: F04 - Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices
• Drafting Committee: F04.12 - Metallurgical Materials

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-24 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM E407-23 - Standard Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F629-20 - Standard Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2020
• Refers: ASTM E539-19 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM F629-15 - Standard Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Refers: ASTM E407-07(2015)e1 - Standard Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-15 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Refers: ASTM F601-13 - Standard Practice for Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection of Metallic Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2013
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-13 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM F136-12a - Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56401)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Refers: ASTM F136-12 - Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56401)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Refers: ASTM F136-11 - Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56401)
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM F629-11 - Standard Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-11 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011

Overview

ASTM F1108-21 is the internationally recognized standard specification for Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium Alloy Castings (UNS R56406) used in surgical implants. Developed by ASTM International, this standard sets forth the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements for the production of titanium alloy castings specifically intended for medical and orthopedic device applications. Castings must be produced using vacuum investment casting and subjected to controlled annealing and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) to ensure the prescribed material properties and reliability.

This specification ensures that Ti-6Al-4V alloy castings meet stringent requirements for use in environments where patient safety, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility are crucial parameters. It aligns with internationally recognized principles for standards development and supports regulatory and quality management practices essential in medical device manufacturing.

Key Topics

• Material Requirements

  • Covers the chemical composition, limiting elements such as nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and iron, and setting strict ranges for aluminum and vanadium content with titanium as the base.
  • Specifies that castings must be produced by vacuum investment casting and must be hot isostatically pressed and annealed to optimize structural integrity and mechanical consistency.

• Mechanical Properties

  • Castings must meet minimum tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area requirements-ensuring the durability and reliability needed for surgical implants.
  • Mechanical testing is mandated using standardized methods, and specimens must be representative of the final product.

• Nondestructive Examination

  • Mandates fluorescent penetrant inspection and radiographic examination when required, ensuring internal and surface integrity.
  • Must comply with agreed acceptance criteria between the supplier and purchaser.

• Quality Control and Certification

  • Castings must be manufactured under a documented quality program in accordance with ISO 9001, ISO 13485, or other recognized standards.
  • Suppliers must provide certification of testing to the purchaser, supporting traceability and regulatory compliance.

Applications

ASTM F1108-21 is vital for manufacturers and engineers involved in the design, production, and quality assurance of medical implants and devices, particularly:

• Orthopedic Devices: Hip, knee, shoulder, and other bone/joint replacement implants.
• Surgical Instruments: Tools requiring biocompatibility and strength.
• Custom Medical Implants: Where patient-specific anatomical adaptation and high reliability are required.

The Ti-6Al-4V alloy specified in this standard is well known for its:

• Outstanding biocompatibility with human tissue and bone.
• Excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength.
• Proven clinical performance in medical applications.

Related Standards

Ensuring compliance with ASTM F1108-21 often involves cross-referencing additional standards to cover material verification, quality management, and testing methods, including:

• ASTM B600 – Descaling and cleaning of titanium and titanium alloy surfaces
• ASTM E8/E8M – Tension testing of metallic materials
• ASTM F601 – Practice for fluorescent penetrant inspection of metallic surgical implants
• ASTM F629 – Practice for radiography of cast metallic surgical implants
• ISO 9001 / ISO 13485 – Quality management systems for manufacturing and medical devices
• ISO 6892 – Tensile testing of metallic materials at ambient temperature

Manufacturers are encouraged to consult all applicable referenced standards to maintain full compliance and ensure the highest product quality in accordance with international best practices for surgical implant materials.

Keywords: ASTM F1108-21, Ti-6Al-4V, Titanium Alloy Castings, Surgical Implants, Orthopedic Devices, Biocompatibility, Medical Device Standard, Vacuum Investment Casting, Hot Isostatic Pressing, Quality Assurance, Nondestructive Examination

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F1108 −21
Standard Specification for
Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium Alloy Castings for Surgical
Implants (UNS R56406)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E539Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by
WavelengthDispersiveX-RayFluorescenceSpectrometry
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and
E1409TestMethodforDeterminationofOxygenandNitro-
metallurgical requirements for cast titanium-6aluminum-
gen in Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Inert Gas Fusion
4vanadium alloy (UNS R56406).
E1447Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Tita-
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
nium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion Thermal
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method
values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva-
E2994Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium
lents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each
AlloysbySparkAtomicEmissionSpectrometryandGlow
system shall be used independently of the other, and values
Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-
from the two systems shall not be combined.
Based Method)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the F136 Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4VanadiumELI(ExtraLowInterstitial)AlloyforSurgical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Implant Applications (UNS R56401)
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
F601Practice for Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection of Me-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. tallic Surgical Implants
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
F629Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic Surgical
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Implants
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
IEEE/ASTM SI 10American National Standard for Metric
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Practice
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
2.2 ISO Standards:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ISO 6892Metallic Materials—Tensile Testing at Ambient
Temperature
2. Referenced Documents
ISO 9001Quality Management Systems—Requirements
ISO 13485 Medical Devices—Quality Management
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Systems—Requirements for Regulatory Purposes
B600Guide for Descaling and Cleaning Titanium and Tita-
2.3 Aerospace Material Specification:
nium Alloy Surfaces
AMS 2249Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Titanium and
E3Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
Titanium Alloys
E8/E8MTest Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
terials 2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers:
SAE J1086Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications (UNS)
E407Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Inquiriesandordersformaterialunderthisspecification
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F04 on
shall include the following information:
Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices and is the direct responsibility of
3.1.1 Quantity,
Subcommittee F04.12 on Metallurgical Materials.
3.1.2 ASTM designation and issue date,
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2021. Published September 2021. Originally
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F1108–14. DOI:
10.1520/F1108-21.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
the ASTM website. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1108−21
3.1.3 Applicable dimensions or drawing number, 5.1.1 Requirements for the major and minor elemental
3.1.4 Condition (see 4.1 and 4.2), constituents are listed in Table 1. Also listed are important
3.1.5 Finish (see 4.4 and 4.5), residualelements.AnalysisforelementsnotlistedinTable1is
3.1.6 Special tests (see Section 10), and not required to verify compliance with this specification.
3.1.7 Other requirements. 5.1.2 Commercial metals may contain small amounts of
elements other than those which are specified. It is generally
4. Materials and Manufacture
neither practical nor necessary to specify limits for unspecified
elements that can be present. The producer is permitted to
4.1 Castings conforming to this specification shall be pro-
analyze for unspecified elements and is permitted to report
duced by vacuum investment casting.
such analyses. The presence of an unspecified element and the
4.2 Castingscoveredbythisspecificationshallbeinthehot
reportingofananalysisforthatelementshallnotbeabasisfor
isostatically pressed and annealed condition.
rejection unless previously agreed to between purchaser and
NOTE1—Whilehotisostaticprocessing(HIP)mayenhancemechanical
supplier.Intentionalelementaladditionsotherthanthosespeci-
properties of Ti6A1-4V castings, it has also been shown to reduce the
fied in Table 1 are not permitted.
scatter in mechanical properties and therefore increases the confidence in
5.1.3 Analysis for elements not listed in Table 1 is not
reliability of castings.
required to verify compliance with this specification.
4.3 Surface defects may be repaired by welding.
5.2 Product Analysis:
4.3.1 Weld repair shall be carefully executed as per written
5.2.1 Product analysis tolerances do not broaden the speci-
procedures by individuals qualified to perform those proce-
fied heat analysis requirements but cover variations between
dures.
laboratories in the measurement of chemical content. The
4.3.2 ELI weld rod conforming to Specification F136 shall
supplier shall not ship material that is outside the limits
be used where filler metal is needed.
specified in Table 1. The product analysis tolerances shall
4.3.3 Weld repairs shall be performed prior to final thermal
conform to the product tolerances in Table 2.
processing.
5.2.2 The product analysis is either for the purpose of
NOTE 2—Under certain circumstances, a weld repair will act as a stress
verifying the composition of a heat or manufacturing lot or to
riser. Therefore, care should be exercised in the location and extent of
determine variations in the composition within the heat.
weldrepairasitrelatestoregionsoftheimplantwheresignificantstresses
5.2.3 Acceptance or rejection of a heat or manufacturing lot
mightbeincurred.Weldrepairmayalsoimpactmetallurgicalpropertiesin
the heat-affected zone, and care should be taken. of material may be made by the purchaser on the basis of this
product analysis. Product analysis outside the tolerance limits
4.4 All alpha case shall be removed by suitable means such
allowed in Table 2 are cause for rejection of the product. A
as chemical milling or machining prior to HIP processing.
referee analysis may be used if agreed upon by supplier and
4.5 Parts shall be furnished in the descaled and cleaned
purchaser.
condition in accordance with Guide B600.
5.3 For referee purposes, use Test Methods E539, E1409,
4.6 Other thermal processes that meet the specific needs of
E1447, and E2994 or other analytical methods agreed upon
thepurchasermaybemutuallyagreeduponbythesupplierand
between the purchaser and the supplier.
purchaser.
5.4 Ensure that the samples for chemical analysis are
representative of the material being tested. The utmost care
5. Chemical Composition
must be used in sampling titanium for chemical analysis
5.1 Product castings shall conform to the requirements
because of its affinity for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen,
prescribed in Table 1. The supplier shall not ship material
and hydrogen. In cutting samples for analysis, therefore, the
outside the limits of Table 1. Chemical analysis shall be
operation should be carried out insofar as possible in a
performed on a representative specimen cast from each heat
dust-free atmosphere. Cutting tools should be clean and sharp.
using the same general procedures used in casting implants.
Samples for analysis should be stored in suitable containers.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
A
TABLE 2 Product Analysis Tolerances
Composition,
Element
% (mass/mass)
Tolerance Under the Minimum
or
Nitrogen 0.05 max
Element
Over the Maximum Limit %
Carbon 0.10 max
B
(mass/mass)
Hydrogen 0.015 max
Iron 0.30 max Nitrogen 0.02
Oxygen 0.20 max Carbon 0.02
Aluminum 5.5 to 6.75 Hydrogen 0.0030
Vanadium 3.5 to 4.5 Iron 0.08
A
Titanium Balance Oxygen 0.04
Other elements (each) 0.10 max Aluminum 0.40
Other elements (total) 0.40 max Vanadium 0.15
A A
The percentage of titanium is determined by difference and need not be See AMS 2249.
B
determined or certified. Residual metallic element tolerance levels will be agreed Under the minimum limit not applicable for elements where only a maximum
upon between supplier and purchaser. percentage is indicated.
F1108−21
6. Mechanical Requirements 9. Microstructure
6.1 Material supplied under this specification shall conform 9.1 Alpha case is not permitted on finished castings when
to the mechanical property requirements prescribed in Table 3. examined on a metallurgical cross section at 100× magnifica-
tion.
6.2 Specimens for tension tests shall conform to the me-
chanical property requirements prescribed in Table 3. 9.2 The microstructural requirements and frequency of ex-
aminationsshallbemutuallyagreeduponbetweenthesupplier
6.3 Specimensfortensiontestsshallbemachinedandtested
and purchaser. Specimen preparation shall be in accordance
in accordance with the methods in
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1108 − 14 F1108 − 21
Standard Specification for
Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium Alloy Castings for Surgical
Implants (UNS R56406)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements for cast titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium
alloy (UNS R56406).
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system mayare not benecessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
used independently of the other. Combiningother, and values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
standard.shall not be combined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B600 Guide for Descaling and Cleaning Titanium and Titanium Alloy Surfaces
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] E0008_E0008M
E120 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)
E165E29 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General IndustryUsing Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine
Conformance with Specifications
E407 Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
E539 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
E1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion
E1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion Thermal
Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method
E2994 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Glow Discharge
Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Method)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F04 on Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F04.12 on Metallurgical Materials.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014Sept. 15, 2021. Published January 2015September 2021. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20092014
as F1108 – 04 (2009).F1108 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/F1108-14. 10.1520/F1108-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1108 − 21
F136 Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical Implant
Applications (UNS R56401)
F601 Practice for Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection of Metallic Surgical Implants
F629 Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic Surgical Implants
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric
SystemMetric Practice
2.2 ISO Standard:Standards:
ISO 6892 Metallic Materials—Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature
ISO 9001 Quality management systems -- RequirementsManagement Systems—Requirements
ISO 13485 Medical devices -- Quality management systems -- Requirements for regulatory purposesDevices—Quality
Management Systems—Requirements for Regulatory Purposes
2.3 Aerospace Material Specification:
AMS 2249 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Titanium and Titanium Alloys
2.4 American Society for Quality Standard:
ASQ C1 Specification of General Requirements for a Quality Control Program
2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers:
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Inquiries and orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity,
3.1.2 ASTM designation and issue date,
3.1.3 Applicable dimensions or drawing number,
3.1.4 Condition (see 4.1 and 4.24.1 and 4.2),
3.1.5 Finish (see 4.4 and 4.54.4 and 4.5),
3.1.6 Special tests (see Section 810), and
3.1.7 Other requirements.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Castings conforming to this specification shall be produced by vacuum investment casting.
4.2 Castings covered by this specification shall be in the annealed and hot isostatically pressed and annealed condition.
NOTE 1—While hot isostatic processing (HIP) may enhance mechanical properties of Ti6A1-4V castings, it has also been shown to reduce the scatter in
mechanical properties and therefore increases the confidence in reliability of castings.
4.3 Surface defects may be repaired by welding.
4.3.1 Weld repair shall be carefully executed as per written procedures by individuals qualified to perform those procedures.
4.3.2 ELI weld rod conforming to Specification F136 shall be used where filler metal is needed.
4.3.3 Weld repairs shall be performed prior to final thermal processing.
NOTE 2—Under certain circumstances, a weld repair will act as a stress riser. Therefore, care should be exercised in the location and extent of weld repair
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
F1108 − 21
as it relates to regions of the implant where significant stresses might be incurred. Weld repair may also impact metallurgical properties in the heat-affected
zone, and care should be taken.
4.4 All alpha case shall be removed by suitable means such as chemical milling or machining prior to HIP processing.
4.5 Parts shall be furnished in the descaled and cleaned condition in accordance with Guide B600.
4.6 Other thermal processes that meet the specific needs of the purchaser may be mutually agreed upon by the supplier and
purchaser.
5. Chemical Composition
5.1 Product castings shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. The supplier shall not ship material outside the limits
of Table 1. Chemical analysis shall be performed on a representative specimen cast from each heat using the same general
procedures used in casting implants.
5.1.1 Requirements for the major and minor elemental constituents are listed in Table 1. Also listed are important residual
elements. Analysis for elements not listed in Table 1 is not required to verify compliance with this specification.
5.1.2 Commercial metals may contain small amounts of elements other than those which are specified. It is generally neither
practical nor necessary to specify limits for unspecified elements that can be present. The producer is permitted to analyze for
unspecified elements and is permitted to report such analyses. The presence of an unspecified element and the reporting of an
analysis for that element shall not be a basis for rejection unless previously agreed to between purchaser and supplier. Intentional
elemental additions other than those specified in Table 1 are not permitted.
5.1.3 Analysis for elements not listed in Table 1 is not required to verify compliance with this specification.
5.2 Product Analysis—Analysis:
5.2.1 Product analysis tolerances do not broaden the specified heat analysis requirements but cover variations between laboratories
in the measurement of chemical content. The supplier shall not ship material that is outside the limits specified in Table 1. The
product analysis tolerances shall conform to the product tolerances in Table 2.
5.2.2 The product analysis is either for the purpose of verifying the composition of a heat or manufacturing lot or to determine
variations in the composition within the heat.
5.2.3 Acceptance or rejection of a heat or manufacturing lot of material may be made by the purchaser on the basis of this product
analysis. Product analysis outside the tolerance limits allowed in Table 2 are cause for rejection of the product. A referee analysis
may be used if agreed upon by supplier and purchaser.
5.3 For referee purposes, use Test Methods E120E539, E1409, E1447and, E1447and E2994 or other analytical methods agreed
upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition,
Element
% (mass/mass)
Nitrogen 0.05 max
Carbon 0.10 max
Hydrogen 0.015 max
Iron 0.30 max
Oxygen 0.20 max
Aluminum 5.5 to 6.75
Vanadium 3.5 to 4.5
A
Titanium Balance
Other elements (each) 0.10 max
Other elements (total) 0.40 max
A
The percentage of titanium is determined by difference and need not be
determined or certified. Residual metallic element tolerance levels will be agreed
upon between supplier and purchaser.
F1108 − 21
A
TABLE 2 Product Analysis Tolerances
Tolerance Under the Minimum
or
Element
Over the Maximum Limit %
B
(mass/mass)
Nitrogen 0.02
Carbon 0.02
Hydrogen 0.0030
Iron 0.08
Oxygen 0.04
Aluminum 0.40
Vanadium 0.15
A
See AMS 2249.
B
Under the minimum limit not applicable for elements where only a maximum
percentage is indicated.
5.4 Ensure that the samples for chemical analysis are representative of the material being tested. The utmost care must be used
in sampling titanium for chemical analysis because of its affinity for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. In cutting
samples for analysis, therefore, the operation should be carried out insofar as possible in a dust-free atmosphere. Cutting tools
should be clean and sharp. Samples for analysis should be stored in suitable containers.
6. Mechanical Requirements
6.1 Material supplied under this specification shall conform to the mechanical property requirements prescribed in Table 3.
6.2 Specimens for tension tests shall conform to the mechanical property requirements prescribed in Table 3.
6.3 Specimens for tension tests shall be machined and tested in accordance with the methods in Test Methods E8E8/E8M. Tensile
properties shall be determined using a strain rate of 0.003 to 0.007 in./in./min (mm/mm/min)mm/mm/min [in./in./min] through
yield and then the crosshead speed may be increased so as to produce fracture in approximately one additional minute.
6.4 Mechanical test specimens shall be produced by the same general procedures used in casting surgical implants and shall be
tested in accordance with Test Methods E8E8/E8M which may have a cast, ground, or machined finish on the reduced section.
Alternatively, test specimens may be machined from surgical implant castings.
6.5 Number of Tests—Perform a minimum of two tension tests from each master heat. Should either of the two test specimens not
meet the specified requirements, test two additional test pieces representative of the same
...