ASTM F2059-17

Standard Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the Swirling Flask

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 A standard test is necessary to establish a baseline performance parameter so that dispersants can be compared, a given dispersant can be compared for effectiveness on different oils, and at different oil weathering stages, and batches of dispersant or oils can be checked for effectiveness changes with time or other factors.  
3.2 Dispersant effectiveness varies with oil type, sea energy, oil conditions, salinity, and many other factors. Test results from this test method form a baseline, but are not to be taken as the absolute measure of performance at sea. Actual field effectiveness could be more or less than this value.  
3.3 Many dispersant tests have been developed around the world. This test has been developed over many years using findings from world-wide testing to use standardized equipment, test procedures, and to overcome difficulties noted in other test procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the effectiveness of oil spill dispersants on various oils in the laboratory. This test method is not applicable to other chemical agents nor to the use of such products or dispersants in open waters.  
1.2 This test method covers the use of the swirling flask test apparatus and does not cover other apparatuses nor are the analytical procedures described in this report directly applicable to such procedures.  
1.3 The test results obtained using this test method are intended to provide baseline effectiveness values used to compare dispersants and oil types under conditions analogous to those used in the test.  
1.4 The test results obtained using this test method are effectiveness values that should be cited as test values derived from this standard test. Dispersant effectiveness values do not directly relate to effectiveness at sea or in other apparatuses. Actual effectiveness at sea is dependant on sea energy, oil state, temperature, salinity, actual dispersant dosage, and amount of dispersant that enters the oil.  
1.5 The decision to use or not use a dispersant on an oil should not be based solely on this or any other laboratory test method.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Apr-2017
• ICS: 75.180.30 - Volumetric equipment and measurements
• Technical Committee: F20 - Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response
• Drafting Committee: F20.13 - Treatment

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F2059 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the
1
Swirling Flask
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2059; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
effectiveness of oil spill dispersants on various oils in the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
laboratory.This test method is not applicable to other chemical
agents nor to the use of such products or dispersants in open
2. Summary of Test Method
waters.
2.1 Dispersant is pre-mixed with oil and placed on water in
1.2 This test method covers the use of the swirling flask test
a test vessel. The test vessel is agitated on a moving table
apparatus and does not cover other apparatuses nor are the
shaker. At the end of the shaking period, a settling period is
analytical procedures described in this report directly appli-
specified and then a sample of water taken.The oil in the water
cable to such procedures.
column is extracted from the water using a dichloromethane
1.3 The test results obtained using this test method are
solvent and analyzed using gas chromatography.
intended to provide baseline effectiveness values used to
2.2 The extract is analyzed for oil using a gas chromato-
compare dispersants and oil types under conditions analogous
graph equipped with a flame ionization detector, (GC-FID).
to those used in the test.
Quantification is by means of the internal standard method.
1.4 The test results obtained using this test method are
Effectiveness values are derived by comparison with a cali-
effectiveness values that should be cited as test values derived
brated set of effectiveness values obtained at the same time and
from this standard test. Dispersant effectiveness values do not
by the same method.
directly relate to effectiveness at sea or in other apparatuses.
Actualeffectivenessatseaisdependantonseaenergy,oilstate,
3. Significance and Use
temperature, salinity, actual dispersant dosage, and amount of
3.1 A standard test is necessary to establish a baseline
dispersant that enters the oil.
performance parameter so that dispersants can be compared, a
1.5 The decision to use or not use a dispersant on an oil
given dispersant can be compared for effectiveness on different
should not be based solely on this or any other laboratory test
oils, and at different oil weathering stages, and batches of
method.
dispersant or oils can be checked for effectiveness changes
with time or other factors.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2 Dispersant effectiveness varies with oil type, sea energy,
standard.
oil conditions, salinity, and many other factors. Test results
from this test method form a baseline, but are not to be taken
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the as the absolute measure of performance at sea. Actual field
effectiveness could be more or less than this value.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.3 Many dispersant tests have been developed around the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
world. This test has been developed over many years using
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
findings from world-wide testing to use standardized
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
equipment, test procedures, and to overcome difficulties noted
in other test procedures.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
4. Interferences and Sources of Error
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F20.13 on Treatment.
4.1 Interferences can be caused by contaminants, particu-
Current edition approved April 15, 2017. Published April 2017. Originally
ɛ1
larly residual oil or surfactants in solvents, on glassware, and
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F2059 – 06(2012) .
DOI: 10.1520/F2059-17 other sample processing apparatus that lead to discrete artifacts
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F2059 − 17
2
or elevate
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: F2059 − 06 (Reapproved 2012) F2059 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the
1
Swirling Flask
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2059; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—An editorial change was made to Section 6 in February 2012.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the effectiveness of oil spill dispersants on various oils in the laboratory.
This test method is not applicable to other chemical agents nor to the use of such products or dispersants in open waters.
1.2 This test method covers the use of the swirling flask test apparatus and does not cover other apparatuses nor are the
analytical procedures described in this report directly applicable to such procedures.
1.3 The test results obtained using this test method are intended to provide baseline effectiveness values used to compare
dispersants and oil types under conditions analogous to those used in the test.
1.4 The test results obtained using this test method are effectiveness values that should be cited as test values derived from this
standard test. Dispersant effectiveness values do not directly relate to effectiveness at sea or in other apparatuses. Actual
effectiveness at sea is dependant on sea energy, oil state, temperature, salinity, actual dispersant dosage, and amount of dispersant
that enters the oil.
1.5 The decision to use or not use a dispersant on an oil should not be based solely on this or any other laboratory test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Summary of Test Method
2.1 Dispersant is pre-mixed with oil and placed on water in a test vessel. The test vessel is agitated on a moving table shaker.
At the end of the shaking period, a settling period is specified and then a sample of water taken. The oil in the water column is
extracted from the water using a pentane/dichloromethane mixturedichloromethane solvent and analyzed using gas chromatog-
raphy.
2.2 The extract is analyzed for oil using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector, (GC-FID).
Quantification is by means of the internal standard method. Effectiveness values are derived by comparison with a calibrated set
of effectiveness values obtained at the same time and by the same method.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 A standard test is necessary to establish a baseline performance parameter so that dispersants can be compared, a given
dispersant can be compared for effectiveness on different oils, and at different oil weathering stages, and batches of dispersant or
oils can be checked for effectiveness changes with time or other factors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F20.13 on Treatment.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012April 15, 2017. Published February 2012April 2017. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as
ɛ1
F2059 – 06.F2059 – 06(2012) . DOI: 10.1520/F2059-06R12E01.10.1520/F2059-17
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F2059 − 17
3.2 Dispersant effectiveness varies with oil type, sea energy, oil conditions, salinity, and many other factors. Test results from
this test method form a baseline, but are not to be taken as the absolute measure of performance at sea. Actual field effectiveness
could be more or less than this value.
3.3 Many dispersant tes
...