ASTM A229/A229M-12

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Quenched and Tempered for Mechanical Springs

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two classes of oil-tempered steel spring wire intended especially for the manufacture of mechanical springs and wire forms. The steel may be made by any commercially accepted steel-making process and shall either be ingot cast or strand cast. The finished wire shall be free of detrimental pipe and undue segregation. The wire shall be oil quenched and tempered to produce the desired mechanical properties such as tensile strength. Cast, heat, and product analysis shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon. Tension, wrap, and surface tests shall be performed. The surface of the wire as-received shall be free of rust, excessive scale die marks, pits, and scratches detrimental to the end application. Other metallurgical requirements such as microstructure and decarburization are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two classes of round and shaped quenched and tempered steel spring wire intended especially for the manufacture of mechanical springs and wire forms.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems can result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Apr-2012
• ICS: 77.140.25 - Spring steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.03 - Steel Rod and Wire

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A229/A229M-99(2005) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical Springs
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2012
• Replaced By: ASTM A229/A229M-17 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Quenched and Tempered for Mechanical Springs
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2017
• Referred By: ASTM F1508-96(2021) - Standard Specification for Angle Style, Pressure Relief Valves for Steam, Gas, and Liquid Services
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2012
• Referred By: ASTM A1000/A1000M-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A229/A229M −12
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Quenched and Tempered for Mechanical
1
Springs
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA229/A229M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1 This specification covers two classes of round and
shaped quenched and tempered steel spring wire intended
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this specification, refer
especially for the manufacture of mechanical springs and wire
to Terminology A941.
forms.
4. Ordering Information
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore,
all requirements that are necessary for material under this
each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
ingvaluesfromthetwosystemscanresultinnon-conformance
limited to, the following:
with the standard.
4.1.1 Quantity (mass or weight),
4.1.2 Name of material (quenched and tempered steel me-
2. Referenced Documents
chanical spring wire) and class (Table 1 or Table 2),
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.3 Dimensions (Section 10),
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
4.1.4 Chemical composition (Table 3), if required,
of Steel Products
4.1.5 Packaging (Section 16),
A510SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforWireRods
4.1.6 Cast or heat analysis report, if desired (see 7.2),
and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
4.1.7 Certification or test report, or both, if specified (Sec-
A510MSpecification for General Requirements for Wire
tion 15), and
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric)
4.1.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.
A700Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-
ods for Steel Products for Shipment
NOTE 1—Atypical metric ordering description is as follows: 10000 kg
A751Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
quenched and tempered steel mechanical spring wire, Class I, 8.00 mm
diameter, in 250-kg coils toASTM A229 M–xx, or for inch-pound units,
cal Analysis of Steel Products
20000 lb quenched and tempered steel mechanical Spring Wire, Class
A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
I0.315 in. diameter, in 500-lb coils to ASTM A 229–xx.
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
5. General Requirements
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E1077Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur- 5.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
ization of Steel Specimens the applicable requirements of either Specification A510Mor
Specification A510.
6. Materials and Manufacture
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.1 The steel may be made by any commercially accepted
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
steel-making process. The steel shall be fully killed.
Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally
approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2005 A229/A229M–99
6.2 The finished wire shall be free of detrimental pipe and
(2005). DOI: 10.1520/A0229_A0229M-12.
2
undue segregation.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.3 Thewireshallbequenchedandtemperedtoproducethe
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. desired mechanical properties.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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A229/A229M−12
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements, SI Units TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements, Inch-Pound Units
Class I Class II
Class I Class II
A
Diameter, mm Tensile Strength, MPa Tensile Strength, MPa
Diameter, in. Tensile Strength, ksi† Tensile Strength, ksi
min max min max
min max min max
0.50 2050 2250 2230 2450
0.020 293 323 324 354
0.55 2020 2220 2220 2440
0.023 289 319 320 350
0.60 2000 2200 2210 2430
0.026 286 316 317 347
0.65 1950 2150 2190 2410
0.029 283 313 314 344
0.70 1950 2150 2170 2190
0.032 280 310 311 341
0.80 1900 2100 2140 2360
0.035 274 304 305 33
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A229/A229M–99 (Reapproved 2005) Designation: A229/A229M – 12
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical SpringsSteel Wire,
1
Quenched and Tempered for Mechanical Springs
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA229/A229M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers two classes of oil-tempered round and shaped quenched and tempered steel spring wire intended
especially for the manufacture of mechanical springs and wire forms.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system mayare not benecessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems maycan result in non-conformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
A510M Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric)
A700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarburization of Steel Specimens
2.2 American National Standard:
B 32.4MPreferred Metric Sizes for Round, Square, Rectangle, and Hexagon Metal Products
2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Shipment and Storage
2.4 Federal Standard:
4
Fed. Std. No. 123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.5 AIAG Standard:
AIAGB-502.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application Standard
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology A941.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material under this
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (mass or weight),
4.1.2 Name of material (oil-tempered(quenched and tempered steel mechanical spring wire) and class (Table 1 or Table 2),
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel,Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 1999 A229/A229M–99. DOI:
10.1520/A0229_A0229M-99R05.
Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2005 A229/A229M – 99 (2005). DOI:
10.1520/A0229_A0229M-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A229/A229M – 12
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements, SI Units
Class I Class II
Diameter,B mm Tensile Strength, MPa Tensile Strength, MPa
min max min max
0.50 2050 2250 2230 2450
0.55 2020 2220 2220 2440
0.60 2000 2200 2210 2430
0.65 1950 2150 2190 2410
0.70 1950 2150 2170 2190
0.80 1900 2100 2140 2360
0.90 1850 2050 2100 2320
1.00 1800 2000 2060 2280
1.10 1780 1980 2030 2240
1.20 1750 1950 2000 2210
1.40 1700 1900 1950 2150
1.60 1650 1850 1900 2100
1.80 1620 1820 1860 2060
2.00 1600 1800 1820 2020
2.20 1580 1780 1790 1990
2.50 1550 1750 1750 1950
2.80 1520 1720 1710 1900
3.00 1500 1700 1690 1880
3.50 1450 1620 1640 1830
4.00 1400 1580 1600 1780
4.50 1380 155
...