ASTM E2465-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Analysis of Ni-Base Alloys by Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Ni-Base Alloys by Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and for verifying that the product meets specifications. It provides rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to assure product quality. The analytical performance data included may be used as a benchmark to determine if similar X-ray spectrometers provide equivalent precision and accuracy, or if the performance of a particular spectrometer has changed.SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of Ni-base alloys by wavelength dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry for the determination of the following elements:
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Designation: E2465 – 11
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Ni-Base Alloys by Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray
1
Fluorescence Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in
X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of Ni-base alloys
E1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
bywavelengthdispersiveX-rayFluorescenceSpectrometryfor
Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
the determination of the following elements:
E1622 Practice for Correction of Spectral Line Overlap in
Element Concentration Range
3
Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry
Manganese 0.17 to 1.6 %
Phosphorus 0.005 to 0.015 %
2.2 Other Documents:
Silicon 0.02 to 0.6 %
ISO 17025 General requirements for the competence of
Chromium 11 to 22 %
testing and calibration laboratories
Nickel 31 to 77 %
Aluminum 0.12 to 1.3 %
Molybdenum 0.045 to 10 %
3. Terminology
Copper 0.014 to 2.5 %
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this test
Titanium 0.20 to 3.0 %
Niobium 1.43 to 5.3 %
method, refer to Terminology E135.
Iron 2 to 46 %
Tungsten 0.016 to 0.50 %
4. Summary of Test Method
Cobalt 0.014 to 0.35 %
4.1 Thetestspecimenisfinishedtoaclean,uniformsurface,
NOTE 1—Unless exceptions are noted, concentration ranges can be
then irradiated with an X-ray beam of high energy. The
extended by the use of suitable reference materials. Once these element
secondary X-rays produced are dispersed by means of crystals
ranges are extended they must be verified by some experimental means.
This could include but not limited to Gage Repeatability and Reproduc- and the intensities are measured by suitable detectors at
ibility studies and/or Inter-laboratory Round Robin studies. Once these
selected wavelengths. The outputs of the detectors in voltage
studies are completed, they will satisfy the ISO 17025 requirements for
pulsesarecounted.Radiationmeasurementsaremadebasedon
capability.
the time required to reach a fixed number of counts, or on the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the total counts obtained for a fixed time (generally expressed in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
counts or kilocounts per unit time). Concentrations of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- elements are determined by relating the measured radiation of
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
unknownspecimenstoanalyticalcurvespreparedwithsuitable
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. reference materials. Either a fixed-channel (simultaneous)
spectrometer or a sequential spectrometer, or an instrument
2. Referenced Documents
combining both fixed-channels and one or more goniometers
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
can be used.
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
5. Significance and Use
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E305 Practice for Establishing and Controlling Atomic
5.1 Thisprocedureissuitableformanufacturingcontroland
Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
for verifying that the product meets specifications. It provides
rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to
assure product quality. The analytical performance data in-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
cluded may be used as a benchmark to determine if similar
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct
X-ray spectrometers provide equivalent precision and accu-
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.08 on Ni and Co and HighTemperatureAlloys.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally racy, or if the performance of a particular spectrometer has
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E2465 – 06. DOI:
changed.
10.1520/E2465-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
the ASTM website. on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E2465 – 11
6. Interferences bytheinstrumentmanufacturer.Typicalgasesspecifiedinclude
P-10 or P-5. P-10 consists of a mixture of 90 % argon and 10
6.1 Interelement effect
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2465–06 Designation: E2465 – 11
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Ni-Base Alloys by X-rayWavelength-Dispersive
1
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of Ni-base alloys by wavelength dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry for the
determination of the following elements:
Element Concentration Range
Manganese 0.17 to 1.6 %
Phosphorus 0.005 to 0.015 %
Silicon 0.02 to 0.6 %
Chromium 11 to 22 %
Nickel 31 to 77 %
Aluminum 0.12 to 1.3 %
Molybdenum 0.045 to 10 %
Copper 0.014 to 2.5 %
Titanium 0.20 to 3.0 %
Niobium 1.43 to 5.3 %
Iron 2to46%
Tungsten 0.016 to 0.50 %
Cobalt 0.014 to 0.35 %
NOTE 1—Unless exceptions are noted, concentration ranges can be extended by the use of suitable reference materials. Once these element ranges are
extended they must be verified by some experimental means. This could include but not limited to Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility studies and/or
Inter-laboratory Round Robin studies. Once these studies are completed, they will satisfy the ISO 17025 requirements for capability.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E305 Practice for Establishing and Controlling Atomic Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
E1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
E1622 Practice for Correction of Spectral Line Overlap in Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry
2.2 Other Documents:
ISO 17025 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E135.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The test specimen is finished to a clean, uniform surface, then irradiated with an X-ray beam of high energy.The secondary
X-rays produced are dispersed by means of crystals and the intensities are measured by suitable detectors at selected wavelengths.
The outputs of the detectors in voltage pulses are counted. Radiation measurements are made based on the time required to reach
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.08 on Ni and Co and High Temperature Alloys.
Current edition approved May 15, 2006. Published June 2006. DOI: 10.1520/E2465-06.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2011.PublishedJune2011.Originallyapprovedin2006.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2006asE2465–06.DOI:10.1520/E2465-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2465 – 11
afixednumberofcounts,oronthetotalcountsobtainedforafixedtime(generallyexpressedincountsorkilocountsperunittime).
Concentrations of the elements are determined by relating the measured radiation of unknown specimens to analytical curves
prepared with suitable reference materials. A fixed-channel, polychromator system Either a fixed-channel (simultaneous)
spectrometer or a sequential, monochromator can be used for measurement of the elements. sequential spectrometer, or an
instrument combining both fixed-channels and one or more goniometers can be used.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and for verifying that the product meets specifications. It provides
rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to assure product quality. The a
...
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