ASTM D1113-90a(1995)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in Scoured Wool
Standard Test Method for Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in Scoured Wool
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content of oven-dried, ash-free, alcohol extractive-free vegetable matter and other alkali-insoluble impurities present in scoured wool. It is also applicable to "related fibers" such as the hair from the goat, camel, alpaca, and other animals.
Note 1--The determination of clean wool fiber present on a laboratory scale is covered in Test Method D584, the determination of clean wool fiber present on a commercial scale is covered in Test Method D1334, and the calculation of commercial weight and yield of various commercial compositions (formerly covered in Appendix to Test Method D584) is covered in Practice D2720.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety precaution statements, see Section 8.
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Designation: D 1113 – 90a (Reapproved 1995)
Standard Test Method for
Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in
Scoured Wool
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1113; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope been heated under prescribed conditions of temperature and
humidity until there is no further significant change in its mass.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content
3.1.2.1 Discussion—An oven-dried material will retain a
of oven-dried, ash-free, alcohol extractive-free vegetable mat-
small amount of moisture that is dependent on the temperature
ter and other alkali-insoluble impurities present in scoured
and relative humidity of the atmosphere in contact with the
wool. It is also applicable to “related fibers” such as the hair
material during the drying process. An oven-dried material will
from the goat, camel, alpaca, and other animals.
only be moisture-free when the air supplied to the drying oven
NOTE 1—The determination of clean wool fiber present on a laboratory
has been previously desiccated.
scale is covered in Test Method D 584, the determination of clean wool
3.1.2.2 Discussion—The term “mass” in the above defini-
fiber present on a commercial scale is covered in Test Method D 1334, and
tion is the correct designation for what is commonly designated
the calculation of commercial weight and yield of various commercial
“weight”.
compositions (formerly covered in Appendix to Test Method D 584) is
3.1.3 vegetable matter base, n— in raw wool, oven-dried
covered in Practice D 2720.
scoured burrs, seeds, twigs, leaves, and grasses, free of mineral
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
matter and alcohol-extractable matter.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 For the definition of wool and other textile terms used
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in this method, refer to Terminology D 123.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety
4. Summary of Test Method
hazard statements, see Section 8.
4.1 The wool, or other animal fiber, is dissolved in a boiling
3% sodium hydroxide solution or a hot 10% sodium hydroxide
2. Referenced Documents
solution under specified controlled conditions. The weights of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 the ash-free, oven-dried components of the undissolved residue
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
are converted by means of tabulated factors to the correspond-
D 584 Test Method for Wool Content of Raw Wool—
2 ing weights of vegetable matter base and other alkali-insoluble
Laboratory Scale
impurities.
D 1334 Test Method for Wool Content of Raw Wool—
Commercial Scale
5. Significance and Use
D 2720 Practice for Calculation of Commercial Weight and
5.1 Test Method D 1113 is considered satisfactory for ac-
Yield of Scoured Wool, Top, and Noil for Various Com-
ceptance testing of commercial shipments, and the procedure
mercial Compositions
has been used extensively in the trade for this purpose,
particularly in connection with the determination of clean wool
3. Terminology
fiber present by Test Method D 584. The procedure in Test
3.1 Definitions:
Method D 1113 is used by the U.S. Customs Service for the
3.1.1 other alkali-insoluble impurities, n— in scoured wool,
determination of the vegetable matter in importations of raw
the oven-dried, ash-free, alcohol-extractives-free, alkali-
wool on which the allowance for loss of wool during commer-
insoluble substances other than vegetable matter base, such as
cial cleaning is based in part.
skin, cotton or other fibers, paper string, tag (dung) pieces, and
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
paint pieces, etc.
reported test results when using Test Method D 1113 for
3.1.2 oven-dried, adj—the condition of a material that has
acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and
the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on
there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent
Textiles, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Wool
Felt.
Current edition approved Dec. 31, 1990. Published March 1991. Originally
published as D1113–50T. Last previous edition D1113–78 (1983). Tariff Schedules of the United States, Schedule 3, Part 1, Subpart C, Headnote
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. 1(c).
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1113
statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of 9.2.2 For tests on samples of scoured wool not obtained in
bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test connection with Test Methods D 584 and D 1334 take replicate
specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are sample units as directed in 9.2.1.
from a lot of material of the type in question. The test 9.3 Test Specimens—As test specimens, prepare two test
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers specimens from each laboratory sampling unit by combining
to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two ten or more pinches of fiber into a bundle having a mass of 40
laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for 6 1g.
unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the
10. Conditioning
two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either
10.1 Dry specimens taken as directed in 9.1 under the
its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the
conditions for oven drying prescribed in Test Method D 584.
supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the
10.2 Weigh specimens taken as directed in 9.2 in the
known bias.
condition as received, in the oven-dry condition, or after
6. Apparatus
exposure in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles,
depending upon the directions or requirements of the interested
6.1 Filter, 40-mesh sieve (U. S. Sieve Series, opening
parties.
0.0165 in. (0.42 mm)) or metal screen, or cheese cloth having
10.3 Weigh specimens (10.1 or 10.2) to the nearest 0.01 g.
comparable openings.
(W ).
6.2 Oven—A forced-draft oven designed to supply clean air 2
at a desired temperature with a tolerance of 62°C.
11. Procedure
6.3 Muffle Furnace, thermostatically controlled in the range
11.1 Preferred Method—In a 2-L heat-resistant glass or
of 700 6 25°C.
stainless steel beaker, bring 1 L of 3 % NaOH solution to a boil.
6.4 Beakers—Heat resistant glass or stainless steel, of
With the solution at a boil, carefully add the entire weighed
2-litre capacity.
specimen. Quickly immerse the wool in the NaOH solution
with the aid of a stirring rod, and adjust the heat to resume
7. Reagents and Materials
boiling of the solution. Boil the solution gently with continuous
7.1 Sodium Hydroxide Solution (NaOH), 3 % by weight.
stirring for 90 6 2 s. Remove the beaker from the heat and add
7.2 Sodium Hydroxide Solution, 10 % by weight.
500 ml of tap water, stir, then allow to settle.
7.3 Sodium Hypochlorite Solution (NaOCl), 5 % by
weight.
NOTE 3—The preferred method uses 3 % sodium hydroxide solution, in
which most wools are soluble when treated as directed. However, certain
8. Hazards
coarse, dry carpet wools do not dissolve completely in the 3 % solution.
For such wools the alternative method (11.1.1), in which 10 % sodium
8.1 Sodium hydroxide is extremely corrosive, and care must
hydroxide solution is used, is necessary.
be exercised to avoid contact with the eyes, skin, or clothing.
NOTE 4—Keep depilatory in pulled wool specimens to a minimum by
8.2 Operators should wear eye protection while handling
treating the sample as directed in 10.3 of Test Method D 584.
caustic solutions.
11.1.1 Alternative Method (Note 2)—In a 2-L heat-resistant
glass or stainless steel beaker, bring 600 cm (mL) of 10 %
9. Sampling
NaOH solution to a boil. Remove the beaker from the heat,
9.1 Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing,
place on a dry wooden or asbestos mat, and immediately add
take at random the number of shipping containers directed in
the weighed specimen. Stir continuously for 3 min 6 5s,add
an applicable material specification or other agreement be-
1000 mL of tap water, stir, and allow to settle.
tween the purchaser and the supplier. Consider shipping
11.2 Filtration—Decant the solution through the 40-mesh
containers to be the lot sampling unit.
filter, using a stirring rod or a jet of water to assist filtration by
NOTE 2—An adequate specification or other agreement between the
agitation of the solution on the filter. Wash all the remaining
purchaser and the supplier requires taking into account the variability
vegetable matter and other alkali-insoluble impurities in the
between shipping containers, between laboratory sampling units within a
beaker onto the filter. Discard any sand or depilatory (Note 3)
shipping container, and between test specimens within a laboratory
in the beaker and on the filter. Sprinkle about 15 mL of 5 %
sampling unit to produce a sampling plan with a meaningful producer’s
sodium hypochlorite solution over the residue on the filter, then
ris
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