ASTM C502-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Wedging of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
Standard Test Method for Wedging of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tile are normally pressed in dies having true 90° angle construction. However, minor variations in die fill, compacting pressure, and heat treatment can result in finished tile with acute and obtuse angles. This out-of-squareness results in a difference in length of opposite sides, and the tile may have the appearance of a keystone or wedge.
Excessive wedging presents difficulties in the installation of tile. This test method provides a means for determining the degree of wedging.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the wedging or deviation from rectangularity of flat, rectangular wall and floor tile. The test method covers tile as defined in Terminology C 242.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C502 − 09
Standard Test Method for
1
Wedging of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope acute and obtuse angles. This out-of-squareness results in a
difference in length of opposite sides, and the tile may have the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the wedg-
appearance of a keystone or wedge.
ing or deviation from rectangularity of flat, rectangular wall
and floor tile. The test method covers tile as defined in 4.2 Excessive wedging presents difficulties in the installa-
Terminology C242. tion of tile. This test method provides a means for determining
the degree of wedging.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5. Apparatus
standard.
5.1 An apparatus as shown in Fig. 1 or other suitable
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
apparatus. The dial gage (B) is used for measuring rectangu-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
larity.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.2 A calibrating plate made of steel or aluminum of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
accurate dimensions and with straight, flat sides.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Test Specimens
2. Referenced Documents
2
6.1 At least ten tile specimens shall be selected at random
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from the lot to be tested. The specimens shall be brushed to
C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related
remove all adhering particles of clay and sand.
Products
C499 Test Method for Facial Dimensions and Thickness of
7. Procedure
Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
7.1 Select an apparatus of the appropriate dimensions so
that, when a tile is placed in the apparatus, the locating studs
3. Terminology
are 5 mm from each corner of the side adjacent to the side
3.1 Definitions:
being measured. The plunger of the gage (B) shall also be 5
3.1.1 wedging of tile—the difference between two spaced
mm from the corner of the tile on the side being measured.
measurements of the length or width of a tile, expressed as a
7.2 Fit the appropriate calibrating plate exactly into position
percentage of the distance between points of measurements.
on the instrument and adjust the gauge reading to a suitable
3.2 For the definition of major and minor facial dimensions
known value.
see Test Method C499.
7.3 Removethecalibratingplate,placethepropersurfaceof
4. Significance and Use
the tile on the locating studs in the apparatus, and record the
gage reading 5 mm from the corner. Rotate the tile, if square,
4.1 Tile are normally pressed in dies having true 90° angle
to obtain four measurements. Repeat this procedure for each
construction. However, minor variations in die fill, compacting
tile. In the case of oblong tiles, use separate instruments of the
pressure, and heat treatment can result in finished tile with
appropriate dimensions to measure lengths and widths. Mea-
sure to an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C502–04 Designation:C502–09
Standard Test Method for
1
Wedging of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the wedging or deviation from rectangularity of flat, rectangular wall and floor
tile. The test method covers tile as defined in Terminology C 242.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products
C 499 Test Method for Facial Dimensions and Thickness of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 wedging of tile—the difference between two spaced measurements of the length or width of a tile, expressed as a
percentage of the distance between points of measurements.
3.2 For the definition of major and minor facial dimensions see Test Method C 499.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Tile are normally pressed in dies having true 90° angle construction. However, minor variations in die fill, compacting
pressure, and heat treatment can result in finished tile with acute and obtuse angles. This out-of-squareness results in a difference
in length of opposite sides, and the tile may have the appearance of a keystone or wedge.
4.2 Excessive wedging presents difficulties in the installation of tile. This test method provides a means for determining the
degree of wedging.
5. Apparatus
5.1 An apparatus as shown in Fig. 1 or other suitable apparatus. The dial gage (B) is used for measuring rectangularity.
5.2 A calibrating plate made of steel or aluminum of accurate dimensions and with straight, flat sides.
6. Test Specimens
6.1 At least fiveten tile specimens shall be selected at random from the lot to be tested. The specimens shall be brushed to
remove all adhering particles of clay and sand.
7. Procedure
7.1 Select an apparatus of the appropriate dimensions so that, when a tile is placed in the apparatus, the locating studs are 5 mm
from each corner of the side adjacent to the side being measured. The plunger of the gage (B) shall also be 5 mm from the corner
of the tile on the side being measured.
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C21.06
on Ceramic Tile.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally approved 1962. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C502–93a (1999).
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published January 2009. Originally approved 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C 502 – 04.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C502–09
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Measurement of Straightness of Sides and
Rectangularity
7.2 Fit the appropriate calibrating plate exactly into position on the instrument and adjust the gauge reading to a suitable known
value.
7.3 Remove the calibrating plate, place the proper surface of the tile on the locating studs in the apparatus, and record the gage
reading 5 mm from the corner. Rotate the tile, if square, to obtain four measurements. Repeat this procedure for each tile. In the
caseofoblongtiles,useseparateinstrumentsoftheappropriatedimensionstomeasurelengthsandwidths.Measuretoanaccuracy
of 0.1 mm.
8. Calculation
8.1 Calculate the percentage of wedging or deviation from rectan
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C502–04 Designation:C502–09
Standard Test Method for
1
Wedging of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the wedging or deviation from rectangularity of flat, rectangular wall and floor
tile. The test method covers tile as defined in Terminology C 242.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products
C 499 Test Method for Facial Dimensions and Thickness of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 wedging of tile—the difference between two spaced measurements of the length or width of a tile, expressed as a
percentage of the distance between points of measurements.
3.2 For the definition of major and minor facial dimensions see Test Method C 499.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Tile are normally pressed in dies having true 90° angle construction. However, minor variations in die fill, compacting
pressure, and heat treatment can result in finished tile with acute and obtuse angles. This out-of-squareness results in a difference
in length of opposite sides, and the tile may have the appearance of a keystone or wedge.
4.2 Excessive wedging presents difficulties in the installation of tile. This test method provides a means for determining the
degree of wedging.
5. Apparatus
5.1 An apparatus as shown in Fig. 1 or other suitable apparatus. The dial gage (B) is used for measuring rectangularity.
5.2 A calibrating plate made of steel or aluminum of accurate dimensions and with straight, flat sides.
6. Test Specimens
6.1 At least fiveten tile specimens shall be selected at random from the lot to be tested. The specimens shall be brushed to
remove all adhering particles of clay and sand.
7. Procedure
7.1 Select an apparatus of the appropriate dimensions so that, when a tile is placed in the apparatus, the locating studs are 5 mm
from each corner of the side adjacent to the side being measured. The plunger of the gage (B) shall also be 5 mm from the corner
of the tile on the side being measured.
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C21.06
on Ceramic Tile.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally approved 1962. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C502–93a (1999).
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published January 2009. Originally approved 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C 502 – 04.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C502–09
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Measurement of Straightness of Sides and
Rectangularity
7.2 Fit the appropriate calibrating plate exactly into position on the instrument and adjust the gauge reading to a suitable known
value.
7.3 Remove the calibrating plate, place the proper surface of the tile on the locating studs in the apparatus, and record the gage
reading 5 mm from the corner. Rotate the tile, if square, to obtain four measurements. Repeat this procedure for each tile. In the
caseofoblongtiles,useseparateinstrumentsoftheappropriatedimensionstomeasurelengthsandwidths.Measuretoanaccuracy
of 0.1 mm.
8. Calculation
8.1 Calculate the percentage of wedging or deviation from rectan
...
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