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ASTM D5183-05(2011)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricants Using the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricants Using the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method can be used to determine the coefficient of friction of lubricating fluids under the prescribed test conditions. The user of this test method should determine to his own satisfaction whether results of this test method correlate with field performance or other bench test machines.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the coefficient of friction by means of the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or in the former cm-kgf metric units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text the cm-kgf units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents, therefore each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems can result in nonconformance to specification.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2011
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.L0.11 - Tribological Properties of Industrial Fluids and Lubricates
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5183-05 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricants Using the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine
Effective Date
01-May-2011
Referred By
ASTM G115-10(2018) - Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
Effective Date
01-May-2011

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ASTM D5183-05(2011) - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricants Using the Four-Ball Wear Test MachineASTM D5183-05(2011) - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricants Using the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine
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ASTM D5183-05(2011) - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricants Using the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5183 − 05(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricants
1
Using the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5183; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
4
1. Scope 2.2 ANSI Standard:
B3.12 Specification for Metal Balls
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
coefficient of friction by means of the Four-Ball Wear Test
3. Terminology
2
Machine.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or in the former
3.1.1 coeffıcient of friction, (µ)—the ratio of the tangential
cm-kgf metric units are to be regarded separately as the
force that is needed to start or to maintain uniform relative
standard. Within the text the cm-kgf units are shown in
motion between two contacting surfaces to the perpendicular
parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact
force holding them in contact.
equivalents, therefore each system must be used independently
of the other. Combining values from the two systems can result
4. Summary of Test Method
in nonconformance to specification.
4.1 Three12.7mm(0.5in.)diametersteelballsareclamped
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
together and covered with 10 mL of the wear-in lubricant. A
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
fourth 12.7 mm diameter ball, referred to as the “top ball” is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pressed with a force of 392 N (40 kgf) into the cavity formed
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
by the three clamped balls for three-point contact. The tem-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
perature of the wear-in lubricant is regulated at 75°C (167°F),
statements are given in 7.3 – 7.6.
and then, the top ball is rotated at 600 rpm for 60 min.
4.2 Fluid is discarded and balls cleaned. The wear scar
2. Referenced Documents
diameter on each of the lower three balls is examined. If the
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
wear scars average 0.67 6 0.03 mm, (0.026 6 0.001 in.) then
D4172 Test Method for Wear Preventive Characteristics of
the 10 mLof test fluid is added to the ball cup with the worn-in
Lubricating Fluid (Four-Ball Method)
test balls in place. The temperature of the test lubricant is
regulated at 75°C (167°F) and the top ball is rotated at 600 rpm
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
at 98.1 N (10 kgf) for 10 min.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
4.3 The load is then increased by 98.1 N (10 kgf) at the end
Subcommittee D02.L0.11 on Tribiological Properties of Industrial Fluids and
Lubricates.
of each successive 10 min interval up to the point where the
Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
frictional trace indicates incipient seizure. The coefficient of
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5183–05. DOI:
friction is measured at the end of each 10 min interval.
10.1520/D5183-05R11.
2
The sole source of supply of the Four-Ball Wear Test Machine known to the
5. Significance and Use
committee at this time is Falex Corp., 1020 Airpark Dr., Sugar Grove, IL 60554. If
you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
5.1 Thistestmethodcanbeusedtodeterminethecoefficient
International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
of friction of lubricating fluids under the prescribed test
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5183 − 05 (2011)
FIG. 1 Schematic of a Four-Ball Wear Test Machine
conditions.Theuserofthistestmethodshoulddeterminetohis
own satisfaction whether results of this test method correlate
with field performance or other bench test machines.
6. Apparatus
5
6.1 Four-Ball Test Machine —See Figs. 1-3.
NOTE 1—It is important to distinguish between the Four-Ball E.P. and
theFour-BallWearTestMachine(seeTestMethodD4172).Th
...

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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off