ASTM D2864-10e1
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
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Designation: D2864 − 10
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2864; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—The part of speech was added editorially to the terms in January 2012.
INTRODUCTION
The definitions contained in this terminology pertain to terms as they are used in conjunction with
fluid insulating materials. Insofar as possible, the definitions are consistent with accepted general
usage,andmayalsocontainadditionalinformationdeemedtobeofvalueintestingoffluidinsulating
materials.
1. Referenced Documents complete repetition of the wave pattern is referred to as a
2 CYCLE, and the number of cycles occurring in one second
1.1 ASTM Standards:
is called the FREQUENCY, measured in hertz (Hz). For
D611Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline
example, the electricity supplied by commercial utility
Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
companies in the United States is, in most localities, 60 Hz,
D2007Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber
although other frequencies may be encountered.
Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-
Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromato-
acid treating, n—a refining process in which an unfinished
graphic Method
petroleum insulating oil is contacted with sulfuric acid to
D2140Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition
improve its color, odor, stability, and other properties.
of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
D2300Test Method for Gassing of Electrical Insulating ac loss characteristics, n—those properties of a dielectric or
insulation system (such as dissipation factor, power factor,
Liquids Under Electrical Stress and Ionization (Modified
Pirelli Method) and loss index) that may be used as a measure of the power
or energy losses that would result from the use of such
D2500Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
and Liquid Fuels material in an ac electric field.
D3117Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate
3 additive, n—a chemical compound or compounds added to an
Fuels (Withdrawn 2010)
insulating fluid for the purpose of imparting new properties
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
or altering those properties which the fluid already has.
ships
ambient temperature, n—the temperature of the surrounding
2. Terminology
atmosphere as determined by an instrument shielded from
ac, n—symbol used to designate an electric voltage or current direct or reflected rays of the sun.
whoseamplitudevariesperiodicallyasafunctionoftime,its
aniline point, n—the minimum temperature for complete
average value over one complete period being zero. One
miscibilityofequalvolumesofanilineandthesampleunder
test. See Test Methods D611. In comparing two samples of
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on similar molecular weight, the aniline point can be used as a
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gasesand is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
means of comparing aromatic content of the two samples.A
mittee D27.15 on Planning Resource and Development.
product of high aniline point will be low in aromatics and
Current edition approved May 15, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally
naphthenes, and therefore high in paraffins.
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2864–10. DOI:
10.1520/D2864-10E01.
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API gravity, n—an arbitrary scale developed by theAmerican
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Institute and frequently used in reference to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
petroleum insulating oil. The relationship between API
the ASTM website.
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gravity and specific gravity 60/60°F is defined by the
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. following:
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D2864 − 10
DISCUSSION—1—Conductivity is a general term. Specific reference
DegAPIGravityat60°F 5 141.5/ spgr60/60°F 2 131.5
~ !
may be made to conductivity, dc.
aromatics, n—that class of organic compounds which behave
DISCUSSION—2—For dielectrics the conductivity may be dependent
chemicallylikebenzene.Theyarecyclicunsaturatedorganic
on the electrification time. (See also conductivity, apparent dc
compounds that can sustain an induced electron
...
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