ASTM A1038-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance Method
Standard Test Method for Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The hardness of a material is a defined quantity having many scales and being dependent on the way the test is performed. In order to avoid the creation of a new method involving a new hardness scale, the UCI method converts into common hardness values, for example, HV, HRC, etc.
4.2 The UCI hardness test is a superficial determination, only measuring the hardness condition of the surface contacted. The results generated at a specific location do not represent the part at any other surface location and yield no information about the material at subsurface locations.
4.3 The UCI hardness test may be used on large or small components at various locations. It can be used to make hardness measurements on positions difficult to access, such as tooth flanks or roots of gears.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of comparative hardness values by applying the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance Method (UCI Method).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: A1038 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact
1
Impedance Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E384Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Mate-
rials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of compara-
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
tive hardness values by applying the Ultrasonic Contact
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
Impedance Method (UCI Method).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology and Equations
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions:
standard.
3.1.1 calibration—determination of the specific values of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the significant operating parameters of the UCI instrument by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
comparisonwithvaluesindicatedbyastandardizedworkbench
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
hardness tester or by a set of certified reference test pieces.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 surface finish—all references to surface finish in this
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
test method are defined as surface roughness (that is, Ra =
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
average roughness value).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.3 UCI hardness test—a hardness testing method using a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
calibrated instrument by pressing a resonating rod with a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
defined indenter, for example, a Vickers diamond, with a fixed
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
force against the surface of the part to be tested.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 UCI method—Ultrasonic Contact Impedance, a hard-
2
ness testing method developed by Dr. Claus Kleesattel in 1961
2.1 ASTM Standards:
based on the measurement of the frequency shift of a resonat-
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
ingrodcausedbytheessentiallyelasticnatureofthefinitearea
of Steel Products
of contact between the indenter and the test piece during the
E10Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
penetration.
E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
terials
3.1.5 verification—checking or testing the UCI instrument
E140Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
to ensure conformance with this test method.
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
3.2 Equations:
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-
3.2.1 The average x¯ of a set of n measurements x , x , ., x
scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
1 2 n
is calculated as:
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ASTM Test Methods
x 1x 1.1x
1 2 n
x¯ 5 (1)
n
where each of the individual measurements x , x , ., x is
1 2 n
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
the result from a single indentation.
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
3.2.2 The error E in the performance of an ultrasonic
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally
ɛ1
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A1038–13 . DOI: contact impedance hardness testing instrument at each hard-
10.1520/A1038-17.
ness level, relative to a standardized reference value, is
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
calculated as an absolute percent error determined as:
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
x¯ 2 x
ref
E 5 100 3 (2)
the ASTM website. U U
S D
x
ref
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A1038 − 17
where: 5.2 UCI Probes—There are different probes available for
UCIhardnesstesting.Theytypicallycoverstaticloadsranging
x¯ = the average (see 3.2.1)of n measurements made on a
from1Nto98N.See also Appendix X1. They come also in
standard reference block as part of a performance
different sizes with longer and shorter sensor rods for specia
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: A1038 − 13 A1038 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact
1
Impedance Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Table 3 heading was corrected editorially in April 2016.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of comparative hardness values by applying the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance
Method (UCI Method).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness,
Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Materials
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology and Equations
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 calibration—determination of the specific values of the significant operating parameters of the UCI instrument by
comparison with values indicated by a standardized workbench hardness tester or by a set of certified reference test pieces.
3.1.2 surface finish—all references to surface finish in this test method are defined as surface roughness (that is, Ra = average
roughness value).
3.1.3 UCI hardness test—a hardness testing method using a calibrated instrument by pressing a resonating rod with a defined
indenter, for example, a Vickers diamond, with a fixed force against the surface of the part to be tested.
3.1.4 UCI method—Ultrasonic Contact Impedance, a hardness testing method developed by Dr. Claus Kleesattel in 1961 based
on the measurement of the frequency shift of a resonating rod caused by the essentially elastic nature of the finite area of contact
between the indenter and the test piece during the penetration.
3.1.5 verification—checking or testing the UCI instrument to ensure conformance with this test method.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2017. Published March 2014December 2017. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20102013 as
ɛ1
A1038 – 10a.A1038 – 13 . DOI: 10.1520/A1038-13E01.10.1520/A1038-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A1038 − 17
3.2 Equations:
3.2.1 The average x¯ of a set of n measurements x ,x , ., x is calculated as:
1 2 n
x 1x 1.1x
1 2 n
x¯ 5 (1)
n
where each of the individual measurements x ,x , ., x is the result from a single indentation.
1 2 n
3.2.2 The error E in the performance of an ultrasonic contact impedance hardness testing instrument at each hardness level,
relative to a standardized reference value, i
...
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