ASTM D1662-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Active Sulfur in Cutting Oils
Standard Test Method for Active Sulfur in Cutting Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (302°F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.
Note 1—It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D1662 − 08
StandardTest Method for
1
Active Sulfur in Cutting Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1662; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Active sulfur is expressed as the difference between the sulfur
contents of the sample, as determined before and after treat-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active
ment with copper.
sulfur in cutting oils.This test method applies to sulfur reactive
with copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (302°F) in
5. Significance and Use
cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.
5.1 This test method measures the quantity of sulfur avail-
NOTE 1—It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0
able to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating
as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field
aids at the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal
performance of the cutting fluid.
type, temperature, and time dependent.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information 6. Apparatus
only.
6.1 Filter Paper, 2.5 µm retention size.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.2 Stirrer, constructed of glass in the form of an inverted T.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
A flat blade, approximate length 25 mm, height 6 mm,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thickness 1 mm, shall be attached to a glass rod 6 mm in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
diameter, in such a way that the blade is symmetrical with the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rod and has its flat surface in the vertical plane. Alternatively,
3
a glass-coated magnetic stirring bar 9.5 by 34.9 62mm( ⁄8 by
2. Referenced Documents
3
1 ⁄8 in.) can be used.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.3 Stirring Apparatus, electric motor capable of maintain-
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
ing a speed of 500 6 25 rpm. Alternatively, when using the
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
glass-coated stirring bar, a combination magnetic stirrer-hot
plate is required.
3. Terminology
6.4 Hot Plate, electric, or other convenient heat source
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
capable of maintaining the sample at a temperature of 150 6
3.1.1 active sulfur—sulfur in a cutting fluid that will react
2°C (302 6 5°F).
with metallic copper at a temperature of 150°C (302°F) under
the prescribed conditions. 6.5 Beaker, 200-mL, tall-form of heat-resistant glass, with a
pour-out spout.
4. Summary of Test Method
7. Materials
4.1 Aportion of the sample is treated with copper powder at
7.1 Diluent, sulfur-free white oil, methyl lardate or dialky-
150°C(302°F).Thecopperpowderisfilteredfromthemixture.
lbenzene.
7.2 Copper Powder, >99 %, <75 µm (200 mesh).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 8. Procedure
D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
8.1 Determine the sulfur concentration of the sample to be
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1662–07. tested using any accepted method that has precision of
This test method was prepared under the joint sponsorship of the American
60.15 % for sulfur.
Society of Lubrication Engineers (ASLE) and accepted by ASLE in January 1969.
DOI: 10.1520/D1662-08.
NOTE 2—For best results, dilute the sample with sulfur-free white oil,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
methyl lardate or dialkylbenzene to a sulfur content of 2 to 4 %.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
8.2 Place 50 6 2 g of sample or sample dilution in a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 200-mL tall-form beaker, lower the stirrer to within 5 mm of
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D1662 − 08
TABLE 1 Active Sulfur (%)
Average Repeatability Reproducibility Repeatability Reproducibility
Standard Deviation Standard Deviation Limit Limit
Materials Xbar Sr SR r R
A 0.9454 0.0348 0.0706 0.0974 0.1976
B 3.3687 0.1022 0.5787 0.2862 1.6205
C 0.3902 0.082 0.2969 0.2296 0.8312
D
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D1662–07 Designation:D1662–08
Standard Test Method for
1
Active Sulfur in Cutting Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1662; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with
copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (302°F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.
NOTE 1—It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field
performance of the cutting fluid.
1.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 active sulfur—sulfur in a cutting fluid that will react with metallic copper at a temperature of 150°C (302°F) under the
prescribed conditions.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A portion of the sample is treated with copper powder at 150°C (302°F). The copper powder is filtered from the mixture.
Active sulfur is expressed as the difference between the sulfur contents of the sample, as determined before and after treatment
with copper.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at
the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Filter Paper, 2.5 µm retention size.
6.2 Stirrer, constructed of glass in the form of an inverted T. A flat blade, approximate length 25 mm, height 6 mm, thickness
1 mm, shall be attached to a glass rod 6 mm in diameter, in such a way that the blade is symmetrical with the rod and has its flat
3 3
surface in the vertical plane. Alternatively, a glass-coated magnetic stirring bar 9.5 by 34.9 62mm( ⁄8 by 1 ⁄8 in.) can be used.
6.3 Stirring Apparatus, electric motor capable of maintaining a speed of 500 6 25 rpm. Alternatively, when using the
glass-coated stirring bar, a combination magnetic stirrer-hot plate is required.
6.4 Hot Plate, electric, or other convenient heat source capable of maintaining the sample at a temperature of 150 6 2°C (302
6 5°F).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.L0.01
on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved Dec.May 1, 2007.2008. Published December 2007.May 2008. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
D1662–92(2007).D 1662–07.
This test method was prepared under the joint sponsorship of the American Society of Lubrication Engineers. (ASLE) and accepted by ASLE in January 1969.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1662–08
6.5 Beaker, 200-mL, tall-form of heat-resistant glass, with a pour-out spout.
7. Materials
7.1 Diluent, sulfur-free white oil, methyl lardate or dialkylbenzene.
7.2 Copper Powder, >99 %, <75 µm (200 mesh).
8. Procedure
8.1 Determine the sulfur concentration of the sample to be tested using any accepted method that has precision of 60.15 % for
sulfur.
NOTE 2—For best results, dilute the sample with sulfur-free white oil, methyl lardate or dialkylbenzene to a sulfur content of 2 to 4 %.
8.2 Place 50 6 2 g of sample or sample dilution in
...
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