ASTM E487-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Constant-Temperature Stability Of Chemical Materials
Standard Test Method for Constant-Temperature Stability Of Chemical Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is a useful adjunct to dynamic thermal tests that are performed under conditions in which the sample temperature is increased continuously at a programmed rate. Results obtained under dynamic test conditions present difficulties in determining the temperature at which an exotherm initiates because onset temperature is dependent on heating rate. The test method described in the present standard attempts to determine the onset temperature under isothermal conditions where the heating rate is zero.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the assessment of constant-temperature stability of chemical materials that undergo exothermic reactions. The techniques and apparatus described may be used on solids, liquids, or slurries of chemical substances.
1.2 When a series of materials is tested by this test method, the results permit ordering the materials relative to each other with respect to their thermal stability.
1.3 Limitations of Test:
1.3.1 This test method is limited to ambient temperatures and above.
1.3.2 This test method determines neither a safe storage temperature nor a safe processing temperature.
Note 1—A safe storage or processing temperature requires that any heat produced by a reaction be removed as fast as generated and that proper consideration be given to hazards associated with reaction products.
1.3.3 When this test method is used to order the relative thermal stability of materials, the tests must be run under the same confinement condition (see 8.3).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E487 − 09
StandardTest Method for
1
Constant-Temperature Stability of Chemical Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E487; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
1.1 This test method describes the assessment of constant-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
temperature stability of chemical materials that undergo exo-
thermicreactions.Thetechniquesandapparatusdescribedmay
2. Referenced Documents
be used on solids, liquids, or slurries of chemical substances.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 When a series of materials is tested by this test method,
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
the results permit ordering the materials relative to each other
ology
with respect to their thermal stability.
E537 Test Method for The Thermal Stability of Chemicals
1.3 Limitations of Test:
by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
1.3.1 This test method is limited to ambient temperatures
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differen-
and above.
tial Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Ana-
1.3.2 This test method determines neither a safe storage
lyzers
temperature nor a safe processing temperature.
E968 Practice for Heat Flow Calibration of Differential
Scanning Calorimeters
NOTE 1—A safe storage or processing temperature requires that any
E1445 Terminology Relating to Hazard Potential of Chemi-
heat produced by a reaction be removed as fast as generated and that
proper consideration be given to hazards associated with reaction prod-
cals
ucts.
E1860 Test Method for Elapsed Time Calibration of Ther-
1.3.3 When this test method is used to order the relative mal Analyzers
thermal stability of materials, the tests must be run under the
3. Terminology
same confinement condition (see 8.3).
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 constant-temperature stability (CTS) value—the maxi-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
mum temperature at which a chemical compound or mixture
standard.
may be held for a 2–h period under the conditions imposed in
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe
this test without exhibiting a measurable exothermic reaction.
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
3.2 The specialized terms in this standard are described in
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
Terminologies E473 and E1445 including differential scanning
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
calorimetry, differential thermal analysis, exotherm, and first
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
-deviation-from-baseline.
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all
4. Summary of Test Method
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
hazard of a particular end use.
4.1 A sample of the chemical compound or mixture is
placed in a glass or metal tube that is heated to a test
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
temperature of interest. The sample temperature and heat flow
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
or the difference between the sample temperature and the
address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is
temperature of an inert reference material, are monitored over
a 2-h period or until an exothermic reaction is recorded. Test
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E27 on Hazard
Potential of Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of E27.02 on Thermal
2
Stability and Condensed Phases. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E487 – 04. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E0487-09. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E487 − 09
temperatures are decreased in 10 °C intervals until no exother- signals, or both. The minimum output signals required for
mic reaction is observed in the 2-h test period. The Constant differential
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E487–04 Designation:E487–09
Standard Test Method for
1
Constant-Temperature Stability Of Chemical Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E487; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the assessment of constant-temperature stability of chemical materials that undergo exothermic
reactions. The techniques and apparatus described may be used on solids, liquids, or slurries of chemical substances.
1.2 When a series of materials is tested by this test method, the results permit ordering the materials relative to each other with
respect to their thermal stability.
1.3 Limitations of Test:
1.3.1 This test method is limited to ambient temperatures and above.
1.3.2 This test method determines neither a safe storage temperature nor a safe processing temperature.
NOTE 1—A safe storage or processing temperature requires that any heat produced by a reaction be removed as fast as generated and that proper
consideration be given to hazards associated with reaction products.
1.3.3 When this test method is used to order the relative thermal stability of materials, the tests must be run under the same
confinement condition (see 8.3).
1.4SI units are the standard.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to
heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk
of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire
risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular
end use.
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E537 Test Method for The Thermal Stability Of Chemicals By Differential Scanning Calorimetry
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differential Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Analyzers
E968 Practice for Heat Flow Calibration of Differential Scanning Calorimeters
E1445 Terminology Relating to Hazard Potential of Chemicals
E1860 Test Method for Elapsed Time Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.2 constant-temperature stability (CTS) value—the maximum temperature at which a chemical compound or mixture may be
held for a 2–h period under the conditions imposed in this test without exhibiting a measurable exothermic reaction.
3.3 The specialized terms in this standard are described in Terminologies E473 and E1445and E1445 . including differential
scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis, exotherm, and first -deviation-from-baseline.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E27on Hazard Potential of Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of on and is the direct responsibility
of E27.02 on Thermal Stability and Condensed Phases.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E487 - 99. DOI:
10.1520/E0487-04.on
Current edition approved 1, 2009 Published November 2009. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E487– 04. DOI: 10.1520/E0487-09.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E487–09
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A sample of the chemical
...
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