ASTM G143-03(2018)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to simulate the slip of a flexible web on a roller in a machine or tribosystem that conveys web materials. Flexible webs such as plastic sheeting, paper, elastomers, metal foils, and cloth are often transported in manufacturing processes by combinations of driving and idler rollers. The friction characteristics of the web/roller interface often affects the web transport process. If the web/roller friction is too low, the web can slip on the rollers and be damaged or damage the roller. High friction on the other hand, can lead to steering problems and overloading of driving motors.
5.2 This test method can be used to rank rollers for their ability to resist slip versus a particular web material (high friction). Conversely this test method can assess web materials or web surface coatings such as waxes and lubricants. In this latter case, the goal may be a low-friction product made from a web (film, magnetic media, paper, and so forth).
5.3 If a tribosystem involves transport of a flexible web on a roller, this is an appropriate test to use to measure the friction characteristics of the roller/web couple.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and kinetic coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when sliding occurs between the two. The objective of this test method is to provide users with web/roller friction information that can be used for process control, design calculations, and for any other function where web/roller friction needs to be known.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G143 − 03 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
Lot or Process
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and
ASTM Test Methods
kinetic coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
sliding occurs between the two. The objective of this test
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
method is to provide users with web/roller friction information
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
that can be used for process control, design calculations, and
G115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coeffi-
for any other function where web/roller friction needs to be
cients
known.
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Ero-
3
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
sion Tests (Withdrawn 2016)
standard.
G163 Guide for Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and
3
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the Friction Measurements (Withdrawn 2016)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 blocking, n—unintentional adhesion between plastic
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
films or between a film and another surface. D883
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ, n—in tribology—the dimen-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sionlessratioofthefrictionforce(F)betweentwobodiestothe
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.3 friction force, n—the resisting force tangential to the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
interface between two bodies when, under the action of
external force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the
2. Referenced Documents
other. G40
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 kinetic coeffıcient of friction, n—the coefficient of
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
friction under conditions of macroscopic relative motion be-
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of
tween two bodies. G40
Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D3108/D3108M Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, 3.1.5 stick-slip, n—a cyclic fluctuation in the magnitudes of
friction force and relative velocity between two elements in
Yarn to Solid Material
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma- sliding contact, usually associated with a relaxation oscillation
dependent on elasticity in the tribosystem and on a decrease of
terials
the coefficient of friction with onset of sliding or with increase
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
of sliding velocity. G40
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Classical or true stick-slip, in which
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
each cycle consists of a stage of actual stick followed by a
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Friction.
stage of overshoot slip, requires that the kinetic coefficient is
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2018.PublishedJuly2018.Originallyapproved
lower than the static coefficient.Amodified form of relaxation
in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as G143 – 03 (2013). DOI:
oscillation, with near-harmonic fluctuation in motion, can
10.1520/G0143-03R18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G143 − 03 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
Lot or Process
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and
ASTM Test Methods
kinetic coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
sliding occurs between the two. The objective of this test
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
method is to provide users with web/roller friction information
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
that can be used for process control, design calculations, and
G115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coeffi-
for any other function where web/roller friction needs to be
cients
known.
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Ero-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3
sion Tests (Withdrawn 2016)
standard.
G163 Guide for Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and
3
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Friction Measurements (Withdrawn 2016)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 blocking, n—unintentional adhesion between plastic
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
films or between a film and another surface. D883
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ, n—in tribology—the dimen-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.3 friction force, n—the resisting force tangential to the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
interface between two bodies when, under the action of
external force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the
2. Referenced Documents
other. G40
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 kinetic coeffıcient of friction, n—the coefficient of
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
friction under conditions of macroscopic relative motion be-
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of
tween two bodies. G40
Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
3.1.5 stick-slip, n—a cyclic fluctuation in the magnitudes of
D3108/D3108M Test Method for Coefficient of Friction,
Yarn to Solid Material friction force and relative velocity between two elements in
sliding contact, usually associated with a relaxation oscillation
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
dependent on elasticity in the tribosystem and on a decrease of
terials
the coefficient of friction with onset of sliding or with increase
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With
of sliding velocity. G40
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Classical or true stick-slip, in which
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear each cycle consists of a stage of actual stick followed by a
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Friction.
stage of overshoot slip, requires that the kinetic coefficient is
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published July 2018. Originally approved
lower than the static coefficient. A modified form of relaxation
in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as G143 – 03 (2013). DOI:
oscillation, with near-harmonic fluctuation in motion, can
10.1520/G0143-03R18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G143 − 03 (Reapproved 2013) G143 − 03 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and kinetic
coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when sliding occurs between the two. The objective of this test method is to provide
users with web/roller friction information that can be used for process control, design calculations, and for any other function
where web/roller friction needs to be known.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D3108D3108/D3108M Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Solid Material
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
G115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Erosion Tests
3
(Withdrawn 2016)
3
G163 Guide for Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and Friction Measurements (Withdrawn 2016)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 blocking, n—unintentional adhesion between plastic films or between a film and another surface. D883
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, μ, n—in tribology—the dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to the
normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
3.1.3 friction force, n—the resisting force tangential to the interface between two bodies when, under the action of external
force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the other. G40
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Friction.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2013June 1, 2018. Published November 2013July 2018. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 as
G143–03(2009).G143 – 03 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/G0143-03R13.10.1520/G0143-03R18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G143 − 03 (2018)
3.1.4 kinetic coeffıcient of friction, n—the coefficient of friction under conditions of macroscopic relative motion between two
bodies. G40
3.1.5 stick-slip, n—a cyclic fluctuation in the magnitudes of friction force and relative velocity between two elements in sliding
contact, usually associated with a relaxation oscillation dependent on elasticity in the tribosystem and on a decrease of the
coefficient of fri
...
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