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ASTM A834-95(2006)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use

Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard common requirements for iron castings to be used for general industrial applications. The castings shall be made in a workman-like manner and shall conform to the dimensions on drawings furnished by the purchaser before manufacture is started. A lot shall consist of one of the following: all the metal from a single heating in a batch-type melting furnace; all the metal poured from two or more batch-type melting furnaces into a single ladle or a single casting; or all the metal poured from a continuous melting furnace for a given period of time between changes in charge, processing conditions, or aim-for chemistry, whichever is the shorter period. Specimens shall undergo tension tests and shall conform to the specified tensile strength requirements. Chemical analysis such as spectrographic methods shall be performed to determine the chemical composition which shall be in accordance to the carbon content requirement of the specimen. Visual inspection shall also be done to ensure that the casting surface is free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, and hot tears.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that are mandatory requirements when used in conjunction with the following iron casting specifications issued by ASTM:ASTM Specification2A 47/A 47MA 48/A 48MA 197/A 197MA 220/A 220MA 278A 319A 395/A 395MA 436A 439A 518/A 518MA 532/A 532MA 536A 571/A 571MA 823A 842A 874/A 874MA 897/A 897M
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements which may be applied to the above specifications as indicated herein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specification, and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2006
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A04 - Iron Castings
Drafting Committee
A04.01 - Grey and White Iron Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A834-95(2001) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Replaced By
ASTM A834-95(2011) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
01-Mar-2011
Referred By
ASTM A395/A395M-99(2022) - Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Referred By
ASTM A1095-15(2019) - Standard Specification for High-Silicon Molybdenum Ferritic Iron Castings
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Referred By
ASTM A897/A897M-22 - Standard Specification for Austempered Ductile Iron Castings
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006

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ASTM A834-95(2006) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial UseASTM A834-95(2006) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
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ASTM A834-95(2006) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A834 – 95 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Specification for
Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General
Industrial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A834; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
A197/A197M Specification for Cupola Malleable Iron
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that
A220/A220M Specification for Pearlitic Malleable Iron
aremandatoryrequirementswhenusedinconjunctionwiththe
A247 Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure of
following iron casting specifications issued by ASTM:
Graphite in Iron Castings
ASTM Specification
A278/A278M Specification for Gray Iron Castings for
A47/A47M
A48/A48M
Pressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650°F
A197/A197M
(350°C)
A220/A220M
A319 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated
A278/A278M
A319
Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing Parts
A395/A395M
A395/A395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron
A436
Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Tempera-
A439
A518/A518M
tures
A532/A532M
A436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron Castings
A536
A571/A571M A439 Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings
A823
A518/A518M Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-
A842
Silicon Iron Castings
A874/A874M
A897/A897M A532/A532M Specification for Abrasion-Resistant Cast
Irons
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary
A536 Specification for Ductile Iron Castings
requirements which may be applied to the above specifications
A571/A571M Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron
asindicatedherein.Theseareprovidedforusewhenadditional
Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-
testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified
Temperature Service
individually by the purchaser in the order.
A644 Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specifica-
A802/A802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-
tion,andthisgeneralspecificationshallprevailinthesequence
tance Standards, Visual Examination
named.
A823 Specification for Statically Cast Permanent Mold
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Gray Iron Castings
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
A842 Specification for Compacted Graphite Iron Castings
information only.
A874/A874M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Cast-
ings Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
2. Referenced Documents
2 A897/A897M Specification for Austempered Ductile Iron
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Castings
A47/A47M Specification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Cast-
A919 Terminology Relating to Heat Treatment of Metals
ings
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E10 TestMethodforBrinellHardnessofMetallicMaterials
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
CastingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA04.01onGreyandWhite
Determine Conformance with Specifications
Iron Castings.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originally
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A834–95 (2001). 3
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
DOI: 10.1520/A0834-95R06.
2 E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Withdrawn
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A834 – 95 (2006)
of Chemical Composition 6.5 Aproduct analysis may be made by the purchaser from
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination material representing each heat, lot, or casting. The analysis
E165 PracticeforLiquidPenetrantExaminationforGeneral shall be made on representative material. Samples for carbon
Industry analysis shall be taken no closer than ¼ in. to a cast surface,
E351 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cast Iron— and shall follow the practice in 5.3, except where the size or
All Types shape of the casting does not permit such sampling. The
E689 Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings chemical composition thus determined shall meet the require-
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing ments specified in the applicable specification for the grade
E802 Reference Radiographs for Gray Iron Castings Up to involved.
412 in. [114 mm] in Thickness
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
2.2 Military Standard:
7.1 All castings shall be made in a workman-like manner
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.3 Federal Standard: and shall conform to the dimensions on drawings furnished by
the purchaser before manufacture is started. If the pattern is
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
supplied by the purchaser, the dimensions of the casting shall
3. Terminology
be as predicted by the pattern.
3.1 Definitions:
8. Sampling
3.1.1 Definitions for many terms common to iron castings
8.1 A lot shall consist of one of the following:
and their heat treatment are found in Terminology A919 and
8.1.1 All the metal from a single heating in a batch–type
Terminology A644. A classification of graphite structure is
melting furnace.
found in Test Method A247.
8.1.2 All the metal poured from two or more batch–type
4. Ordering Information melting furnaces into a single ladle or a single casting.
8.1.3 All the metal poured from a continuous melting
4.1 The purchase order for castings ordered under this
furnace for a given period of time between changes in charge,
specification shall stipulate the applicable material specifica-
processing conditions, or aim-for chemistry, or 4 h, whichever
tion(s), grade of iron, and any options or additions to the basic
is the shorter period.
requirements, including the supplementary requirements in-
8.1.3.1 The purchaser may agree to extend the 4-h time
cluded in this specification.
period to8hifthe manufacturer can demonstrate sufficient
process control to warrant such an extension.
5. Tensile Requirements
5.1 Theindividualproductspecificationsvaryastowhether
9. Inspection
tension tests are required. For this reason, and to determine
9.1 All tests and inspections required by this specification
specific test requirements, the individual product specification
shall be performed by the manufacturer or other reliable
shall be reviewed. When required, tension tests shall be
sources whose services have been contracted for by the
determined in accordance with Test Methods E8.
manufacturer. Complete records of all tests and inspections
shall be maintained by the manufacturer and shall be available
6. Chemical Requirements
for review by the purchaser.
6.1 Theindividualproductspecificationsvaryastowhether
9.2 The manufacturer shall afford the purchaser’s inspector
chemical analysis is required. To determine specific require-
all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy that the material is
ments,theindividualproductspecificationshouldbereviewed.
being produced and furnished in accordance with the appli-
6.2 Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with Test
cable specification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shall
Method E59. Spectrographic or other methods such as tho
...

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1.1 This specification covers gray iron castings that are statically cast in permanent molds.  
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This specification covers austenitic ductile iron castings for compressors, expanders, pumps, valves, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service. The castings covered here are Type D-2M, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4. The castings shall be made in the electric-arc furnace, induction furnace, cupola, or any other furnace which is capable of producing castings. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to required chemical composition of carbon, silicon, manganese, nickel, chromium, and phosphorus. The castings shall undergo tension tests and impact tests, and shall conform to the following mechanical requirements: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, Brinell hardness, and Charpy V-notch.
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This specification covers statically cast dual metal rolls with the outer layer of the roll body being chilled white iron of different chemical composition than the core and journals of the roll which is gray cast iron. The castings are suitable for pressure containing parts such as pressure vessels, the design strength of which is based on the gray iron portion of the cylinder, and for service at the specified temperatures. The melting procedure shall be optional with the foundry and the casting process shall be controlled to produce a metallurgical bond between the chilled white iron exterior and gray iron interior. The chilled white iron exterior shall be made to the specified minimum hardness and the gray iron portion of the roll shall conform to the applicable class as determined by design requirements. The roll shall conform to the tensile strength requirement to be determined by tensile test and shall meet the required thickness. All surfaces shall be machined or ground, or both, prior to the rolls being placed into service.
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1.1 This specification covers pearlitic malleable iron castings for general engineering usage at temperatures from normal ambient to approximately 750 °F [400 °C].  
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This specification covers ductile iron castings that are subsequently heat treated by an austempering process. The chemical composition requirements may be agreed upon between the manufacturer, heat treater, and the purchaser. Requirements for the microstructure constituents such as graphite, ausferrite (acicular ferrite and high carbon, stable austenite), pearlite, and martensite are prescribed. The iron shall conform to the mechanical property requirements including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, impact energy, and Brinell hardness. Castings shall be heat treated by an austempering process detailed in this specification. The standard specimens for tension and Charpy impact tests are illustrated.
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1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5.1 Exception—Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM A518/A518M-99(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron Castings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers standards for high-silicon iron castings of Grades 1, 2, and 3 intended for severe environment corrosion-resistant services. The alloy shall be produced by any melting and casting process, or combination of processes that will be capable of meeting the specified contents of carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, molybdenum, and copper. Reference analysis methods are given for each chemical component. Transverse bend test and hydrostatic test shall be performed. Material shall conform to minimum load at center and minimum deflection at center requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-silicon cast iron castings intended for corrosion-resistant service.  
1.2 This specification covers three grades as shown in Table 1. Selection of grade depends on the corrosive service to be experienced by the casting. All three grades are suited for application in severe corrosive environments. However, Grade 2 is particularly suited for application in strong chloride environments, and Grade 3 is recommended for impressed current anodes.    
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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