ASTM D8-22a

Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements

SCOPE
1.1 This standard incorporates generic terms and generic definitions of terms specifically associated with road and paving materials. These generic terms and definitions are used within the standards developed by Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials.  
1.2 Only terms that appear in more than one standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 will be included in Section 3 of Terminology D8. Terms that were historically part of this terminology but never appeared, or no longer appear, in more than one standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 are listed in Appendix X1. The terms in Appendix X1 are not maintained and updated by Subcommittee D04.91. The terms in Appendix X1 are available for reference purposes only. The terminology in Appendix X1 may not reflect current practices, standards, and technology used in materials for roads and pavements.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2022
• ICS: 01.040.93 - Civil engineering (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 93.080.10 - Road construction
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.91 - Terminology

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8 − 22a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Materials for Roads and Pavements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2170/D2170M Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of
Asphalts
1.1 This standard incorporates generic terms and generic
D2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and
definitions of terms specifically associated with road and
Fine Aggregate
paving materials. These generic terms and definitions are used
D3142/D3142M Test Method for Specific Gravity, API
within the standards developed by Committee D04 on Road
Gravity, or Density of Cutback Asphalts by Hydrometer
and Paving Materials.
Method
1.2 Only terms that appear in more than one standard under
D4124 Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four
the jurisdiction of Committee D04 will be included in Section
Fractions
3 of Terminology D8. Terms that were historically part of this
D4552 Classification for Hot-Mix Recycling Agents
terminology but never appeared, or no longer appear, in more
D5505 PracticeforClassifyingEmulsifiedRecyclingAgents
than one standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 are
D5821 Test Method for Determining the Percentage of
listed in Appendix X1. The terms in Appendix X1 are not
Fractured Particles in Coarse Aggregate
maintained and updated by Subcommittee D04.91. The terms
D6995 Test Method for Determining Field VMA Based on
in Appendix X1 are available for reference purposes only. The
the Maximum Specific Gravity of an Asphalt Mixture
terminology in Appendix X1 may not reflect current practices,
(G )
mm
standards, and technology used in materials for roads and
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
pavements.
Sieves
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
agency, n—an organization, company, bureau, or other entity
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
engaged in testing, sampling, or inspection of road and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
paving materials.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
aggregate, n—a granular material used as a construction
2. Referenced Documents material, meeting the requirements of road and paving
2 applications.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
DISCUSSION—Examples of aggregate include sand, gravel, shell, slag,
D242/D242M Specification for Mineral Filler for Asphalt
and crushed stone. See coarse aggregate and fine aggregate for more
Mixtures
information.
D2026/D2026M Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Slow-
air voids (Pa), n—the volume of air between the asphalt-
Curing Type)
coated aggregate particles throughout a compacted asphalt
D2027/D2027M Specification for Cutback Asphalt
mix, expressed as a percent of the total volume of the
(Medium-Curing Type)
sample.
D2028/D2028M Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-
DISCUSSION—A variable previously used for this term was Va.
Curing Type)
anionic emulsified asphalt (anionic emulsion), n—a type of
1
emulsified asphalt such that a particular emulsifying agent
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.91 on
establishes a predominance of negative charges on the
Terminology.
discontinuous phase.
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally
approved in 1912. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as D8 – 22. DOI:
API gravity, n—a function of specific gravity represented by
10.1520/D0008-22A.
the equation in Test Method D3142/D3142M.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DISCUSSION—A specific gravity scale developed by the American
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Institute (API) used to compare how heavy or light a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. petroleum liquid is compared to water.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8 − 22a
asphalt, n—a dark brown to black cement-like residuum other bases, that is developed in a molten condition simul-
obtained from the distillation of suitable crude oi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D8 − 22 D8 − 22a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Materials for Roads and Pavements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard incorporates generic terms and generic definitions of terms specifically associated with road and paving
materials. These generic terms and definitions are used within the standards developed by Committee D04 on Road and Paving
Materials.
1.2 Only terms that appear in more than one standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 will be included in Section 3 of
Terminology D8. Terms that were historically part of this terminology but never appeared, or no longer appear, in more than one
standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 are listed in Appendix X1. The terms in Appendix X1 are not maintained and
updated by Subcommittee D04.91. The terms in Appendix X1 are available for reference purposes only. The terminology in
Appendix X1 may not reflect current practices, standards, and technology used in materials for roads and pavements.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D242/D242M Specification for Mineral Filler for Asphalt Mixtures
D2026/D2026M Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Slow-Curing Type)
D2027/D2027M Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Medium-Curing Type)
D2028/D2028M Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Rapid-Curing Type)
D2170/D2170M Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
D2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine Aggregate
D3142/D3142M Test Method for Specific Gravity, API Gravity, or Density of Cutback Asphalts by Hydrometer Method
D4124 Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions
D4552 Classification for Hot-Mix Recycling Agents
D5505 Practice for Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents
D5821 Test Method for Determining the Percentage of Fractured Particles in Coarse Aggregate
D6995 Test Method for Determining Field VMA Based on the Maximum Specific Gravity of an Asphalt Mixture (G )
mm
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.91 on
Terminology.
Current edition approved March 1, 2022May 1, 2022. Published April 2022June 2022. Originally approved in 1912. Last previous edition approved in 20212022 as D8
– 21.22. DOI: 10.1520/D0008-22.10.1520/D0008-22A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8 − 22a
3. Terminology
agency, n—an organization, company, bureau, or other entity engaged in testing, sampling, or inspection of road and paving
materials.
aggregate, n—a granular material used as a construction material, meeting the requirements of road and paving applications.
DISCUSSION—
Examples of aggregate include sand, gravel, shell, slag, and crushed stone. See coarse aggregate and fine aggregate for more information.
air voids (Pa), n—the volume of air between the asphalt-coated aggregate particles throughout a compacted asphalt mix,
expressed as a percent of the total volume of the sample.
DISCUSSION—
A variable previously used for this term was Va.
anionic emulsified asphalt (anionic emulsion), n—a type of emulsified asphalt such that a particular emulsifying agent
establishes a predominance of negative charges on the discontinuous phase.
API gravity, n—a function of specific gravity represented by the equation in Test Method D3142/D3142M.
DISCUSSION—
A specific gravity scale developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) used to compare how heavy or light a petroleum liquid is comp
...