ASTM G187-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Two-Electrode Soil Box Method
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Two-Electrode Soil Box Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The resistivity of the surrounding soil environment is a factor in the corrosion of underground structures. High resistivity soils are generally not as corrosive as low resistivity soils. The resistivity of the soil is one of many factors that influence the service life of a buried structure. Soil resistivity may affect the material selection and the location of a structure.5
5.2 Soil resistivity is of particular importance and interest in the corrosion process because it is basic in the analysis of corrosion problems and the design of corrective measures.
5.3 The test method is focused to provide an accurate, expeditious measurement of soil resistivity to assist in the determination of a soil’s corrosive nature. Test Method G57 emphasizes an in situ measurement commonly utilized in the design of a buried structures’ corrosion control (cathodic protection systems’ ground bed design, and so forth), but also includes information and procedures on a four-pin soil box method. The two-electrode soil box method is an accurate and more expeditious method than the four-pin soil box and often compliments the four-pin, in situ soil resistivity method.
5.4 The saturated soil resistivity determined by this test method does not necessarily indicate the minimum soil resistivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and procedures for the measurement of soil resistivity, for soil samples removed from the ground, for use in the assessment and control of corrosion of buried structures.
1.2 Procedures allow for this test method to be used in the field or in the laboratory.
1.3 The test method procedures are for the resistivity measurement of soil samples in the saturated condition and in the as-received condition.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Soil resistivity values are reported in ohm-centimeter.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G187 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Two-Electrode
1
Soil Box Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G187; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope G57 Test Method for Field Measurement of Soil Resistivity
Using the Wenner Four-Electrode Method
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and procedures
G193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion
for the measurement of soil resistivity, for soil samples
3
2.2 UNS Standards:
removedfromtheground,foruseintheassessmentandcontrol
UNS Designation S30400 & S30403
of corrosion of buried structures.
UNS Designation S31600 & S31603
1.2 Procedures allow for this test method to be used in the
field or in the laboratory.
3. Terminology
1.3 The test method procedures are for the resistivity
3.1 Definitions:
measurement of soil samples in the saturated condition and in
3.1.1 conductivity, n—Ameasure of the ability of a material
the as-received condition.
to conduct an electrical charge (conductivity is the reciprocal
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the of resistivity).
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.2 soil resistivity, n—The electrical resistance between
only. Soil resistivity values are reported in ohm-centimeter.
opposite faces of a unit cube of material, typically expressed in
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the ohm-meter, ohm-cm, or similar units; the reciprocal of con-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the ductivity.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 saturated soil, n—soil whose entire soil porosity is
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and to
filled with water.
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
3.1.4 soil box factor, n—A factor which is determined by a
use.
two-electrode soil box’s internal dimensions (cross sectional
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
area/distance between electrode plates). The soil box factor is
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
multiplied by the measured resistance of a substance in the soil
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
box to obtain that substance’s resistivity.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.5 soil resistance meter, n—An instrument capable of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
measuring soil resistance.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.6 two-electrode soil box, n—Anon-conductivecontainer
2. Referenced Documents
of known internal dimensions with two end plate electrodes for
2
measuring a substance’s resistivity.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.2 The terminology used herein, if not specifically defined
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
otherwise, shall be in accordance with Terminology G193.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
Definitions provided herein and not given in Terminology
G193 are limited only to this standard.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on
4. Summary of Test Method
Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.10 on
4.1 The two-electrode soil box method is predicated on
Corrosion in Soils.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2018.PublishedJuly2018.Originallyapproved
measuring the resistance between two electrodes located on
in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as G187 – 12a. DOI: 10.1520/
opposing faces of a soil box containing a soil sample. That
G0187-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on UNS (Unified Numbering System) was developed jointly by ASTM Interna-
the ASTM website. tional and SAE International.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G187 − 18
FIG. 1 Typical Connections for Use of Soil Box with Soil Resistance Meter
resistance is then converted to resistivity based on the soil box method. The two-electrode soil box method is an accurate and
factor as discussed in Section 11. more expeditious method than the f
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G187 − 12a G187 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Two-Electrode
1
Soil Box Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G187; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and procedures for the measurement of soil resistivity, for soil samples removed from
the ground, for use in the assessment and control of corrosion of buried structures.
1.2 Procedures allow for this test method to be used in the field or in the laboratory.
1.3 The test method procedures are for the resistivity measurement of soil samples in the saturated condition and in the
as-received condition.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Soil resistivity values are reported in ohm-centimeter.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and to determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G57 Test Method for Field Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Wenner Four-Electrode Method
G193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion
3
2.2 UNS Standards:
UNS Designation S30400 & S30403
UNS Designation S31600 & S31603
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Ohm’s law, conductivity, n—The relationship between the electromotive force, the current, and the resistance.
Mathematically: current = electromotive force/resistance or I = E/R; where “I” is measured in amperes, “E” in volts, and “R” in
ohms.A measure of the ability of a material to conduct an electrical charge (conductivity is the reciprocal of resistivity).
3.1.2 resistivity (soil),soil resistivity, n—The electrical resistance between opposite faces of a unit cube of material; material,
typically expressed in ohm-meter, ohm-cm, or similar units; the reciprocal of conductivity.
3.1.3 saturated soil, n—soil whose entire soil porosity is filled with water.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.10 on Corrosion in
Soils.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012May 1, 2018. Published March 2013July 2018. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as
G187G187 – 12a.–12. DOI: 10.1520/G0187-12A.10.1520/G0187-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
UNS (Unified Numbering System) was developed jointly by ASTM International and SAE International.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G187 − 18
3.1.4 soil box factor, n—A factor which is determined by a two-electrode soil box’s internal dimensions (cross sectional
area/distance between electrode plates). The soil box factor is multiplied by the measured resistance of a substance in the soil box
to obtain that substance’s resistivity.
3.1.5 soil resistance meter, n—An instrument capable of measuring soil resistance.
3.1.6 two-electrode soil box, n—A non-conductive container of known internal dimensions with two end plate electrodes for
measuring a substance’s resistivity.
3.2 The terminology used herein, if not specifically defined otherwise, shall be in accordance with Terminology G193.
Definitions provided herein and not given in Terminology G193 are limited only to this standard.
4. Summary
...
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