ASTM E2400/E2400M-19
(Guide)Standard Guide for Selection, Installation, and Maintenance of Plants for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
Standard Guide for Selection, Installation, and Maintenance of Plants for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide addresses performance characteristics for green roof systems with respect to the planting. A rooftop is an extreme environment with strong and variable wind patterns and little or no protection from the sun’s intense heat and ultraviolet radiation. Selection of plant material can be crucial for success of the green roof system.
5.1.1 This guide provides general guidance only. It is important to consult with a professional horticulturist, green roof consultant, landscape architect, or work with similar professionals that are knowledgeable, experienced, and acquainted with green roof technology and plants.
5.2 Determining these performance characteristics of green roof systems provides information to facilitate the assessment of engineering aspects of the facility. Such aspects may include structural design requirements, mechanical engineering and thermal design requirements, and fire and life safety requirements.
5.3 Determining these performance characteristics of green roof systems provides information to facilitate assessment of the performance of one green roof system relative to another.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the considerations for the selection, installation, and maintenance of plants for green roof systems.
1.2 This guide is applicable to both extensive and intensive green roof systems.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2400/E2400M − 19
Standard Guide for
Selection, Installation, and Maintenance of Plants for
1
Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2400/E2400M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Growing Media and the Drainage Layer for Vegetative
(Green) Roof Systems
1.1 This guide covers the considerations for the selection,
installation, and maintenance of plants for green roof systems.
3. Terminology
1.2 This guide is applicable to both extensive and intensive
3.1 Definitions:
green roof systems.
3.1.1 For terms related to building construction, refer to
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Terminology E631.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in 3.1.2 For terms related to sustainability relative to the
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
performance of buildings, refer to Terminology E2114.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining 3.1.3 For terms related to vegetative (green) roof systems,
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
refer to Terminology E2777.
with the standard.
4. Summary of Guide
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 This guide covers the selection criteria for plants to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
used on green roofs. Primary considerations are as follows:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1.1 Design intent,
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and to
4.1.2 Aesthetics,
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
4.1.3 Climate; including both macroclimate and
use.
microclimate,
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1.4 Plant characteristics, including the rate of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
establishment, longevity, and disease and pest resistance, and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1.5 Media composition and depth.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2 This guide covers the installation of plants for green
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
roofs. Installation methods include:
4.2.1 Pre-cultivation, and
2. Referenced Documents
4.2.2 Direct planting on roof (seeds, root cuttings, and
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
plugs).
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
4.3 Guidance is also provided for the maintenance of plants
E2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Perfor-
for green roofs.
mance of Buildings
E2777 Guide for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
5. Significance and Use
E2788/E2788M Specification for Use of Expanded Shale,
5.1 This guide addresses performance characteristics for
Clay and Slate (ESCS) as a Mineral Component in the
green roof systems with respect to the planting.Arooftop is an
extreme environment with strong and variable wind patterns
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and
and little or no protection from the sun’s intense heat and
Waterproofingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.24 on Sustain-
ultraviolet radiation. Selection of plant material can be crucial
ability.
for success of the green roof system.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019. Published February 2019. Originally
5.1.1 This guide provides general guidance only. It is
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E2400/E2400M – 06
ɛ1
(2015) . DOI: 10.1520/E2400_E2400M-19.
important to consult with a professional horticulturist, green
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
roof consultant, landscape architect, or work with similar
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
professionals that are knowledgeable, experienced, and ac-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. quainted with green roof technology and plants.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2400/E2400M − 19
5.2 Determining these performance characteristics of green inches in height, but this practice requires extensive labor.
roof systems provides information to facilitate the assessment Plants may look fantastic ear
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E2400/E2400M − 06 (Reapproved 2015) E2400/E2400M − 19
Standard Guide for
Selection, Installation, and Maintenance of Plants for Green
1
Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2400/E2400M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected in January 2015.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the considerations for the selection, installation, and maintenance of plants for green roof systems.
1.2 This guide is applicable to both extensive and intensive green roof systems.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and to determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings
E2777 Guide for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
E2788/E2788M Specification for Use of Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate (ESCS) as a Mineral Component in the Growing Media
and the Drainage Layer for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For terms related to building construction, refer to Terminology E631.
3.1.2 For terms related to sustainability relative to the performance of buildings, refer to Terminology E2114.
3.1.3 For terms related to vegetative (green) roof systems, refer to Terminology E2777.
4. Summary of Guide
4.1 This guide covers the selection criteria for plants to be used on green roofs. Primary considerations are as follows:
4.1.1 Design intent,
4.1.2 Aesthetics,
4.1.3 Climate; including both macroclimate and microclimate,
4.1.4 Plant characteristics, including the rate of establishment, longevity, and disease and pest resistance, and
4.1.5 Media composition and depth.
4.2 This guide covers the installation of plants for green roofs. Installation methods include:
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.24 on Sustainability.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2015Jan. 1, 2019. Published February 2015February 2019. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062015 as
ɛ1
E2400E2400/E2400M – 06 (2015) -06. DOI: 10.1520/E2400_E2400M-06R15E01.10.1520/E2400_E2400M-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2400/E2400M − 19
4.2.1 Precultivation,Pre-cultivation, and
4.2.2 Direct planting on roof (seeds, root cuttings, and plugs).
4.3 Guidance is also provided for the maintenance of plants for green roofs.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This guide addresses performance characteristics for green roof systems with respect to the planting. A rooftop is an extreme
environment with strong and variable wind patterns and little or no protection from the sun’s intense heat and ultraviolet radiation.
Selection of plant material can be crucial for success of the green roof system.
5.1.1 This guide provides general guidance only. It is important to consult with a professional horticulturist, green roof
consultant, landscape architect, o
...
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