ASTM D6300-08
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
ASTM test methods are frequently intended for use in the manufacture, selling, and buying of materials in accordance with specifications and therefore should provide such precision that when the test is properly performed by a competent operator, the results will be found satisfactory for judging the compliance of the material with the specification. Statements addressing precision and bias are required in ASTM test methods. These then give the user an idea of the precision of the resulting data and its relationship to an accepted reference material or source (if available). Statements addressing determinability are sometimes required as part of the test method procedure in order to provide early warning of a significant degradation of testing quality while processing any series of samples.
Repeatability and reproducibility are defined in the precision section of every Committee D02 test method. Determinability is defined above in Section 3. The relationship among the three measures of precision can be tabulated in terms of their different sources of variation (see Table 1).
When used, determinability is a mandatory part of the Procedure section. It will allow operators to check their technique for the sequence of operations specified. It also ensures that a result based on the set of determined values is not subject to excessive variability from that source.
A bias statement furnishes guidelines on the relationship between a set of test results and a related set of accepted reference values. When the bias of a test method is known, a compensating adjustment can be incorporated in the test method.
This practice is intended for use by D02 subcommittees in determining precision estimates and bias statements to be used in D02 test methods. Its procedures correspond with ISO 4259 and are the basis for the Committee D02 computer software, Calculation if Precision Data: Petroleum Test Methods. The use of this practice replaces that of Research Report RR:D02–1007. ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the necessary preparations and planning for the conduct of interlaboratory programs for the development of estimates of precision (determinability, repeatability, and reproducibility) and of bias (absolute and relative), and further presents the standard phraseology for incorporating such information into standard test methods.
1.2 This practice is generally limited to homogeneous products with which serious sampling problems do not normally arise.
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for solid or semisolid products such as petroleum coke, industrial pitches, paraffin waxes, greases, or solid lubricants when the heterogeneous properties of the substances create sampling problems. In such instances, use Practice E 691 or consult a trained statistician.
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Designation: D6300 − 08 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Practice for
Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test
1
Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
2
Both Research Report RR:D02-1007, Manual on Determining Precision Data for ASTM Methods
2
on Petroleum Products and Lubricants andtheISO4259,benefittedgreatlyfrommorethan50years
of collaboration betweenASTM and the Institute of Petroleum (IP) in the UK. The more recent work
was documented by the IP and has become ISO 4259.
ISO 4259 encompasses both the determination of precision and the application of such precision
2
data. In effect, it combines the type of information in RR:D02-1007 regarding the determination of
the precision estimates and the type of information in Practice D3244 for the utilization of test data.
2
Thefollowingpractice,intendedtoreplaceRR:D02-1007, differsslightlyfromrelatedportionsofthe
ISO standard.
1. Scope D3244Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine
Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This practice covers the necessary preparations and
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
planning for the conduct of interlaboratory programs for the
Determine Conformance with Specifications
development of estimates of precision (determinability,
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
repeatability, and reproducibility) and of bias (absolute and
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
relative), and further presents the standard phraseology for
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
incorporating such information into standard test methods.
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.2 This practice is generally limited to homogeneous prod-
ISO 4259Petroleum Products-Determination and Applica-
ucts with which serious sampling problems do not normally
4
tion of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
arise.
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for solid or semisolid
3. Terminology
products such as petroleum coke, industrial pitches, paraffin
3.1 Definitions:
waxes, greases, or solid lubricants when the heterogeneous
3.1.1 analysis of variance (ANOVA), n—a procedure for
properties of the substances create sampling problems. In such
dividing the total variation of a set of data into two or more
instances, use Practice E691 or consult a trained statistician.
parts, one of which estimates the error due to selecting and
testing specimens and the other part(s) possible sources of
2. Referenced Documents
added variation. D123
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 bias, n—the difference between the population mean
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
of the test results and an accepted reference value. E456
3.1.3 bias, relative, n—the difference between the popula-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
tion mean of the test results and an accepted reference value,
Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.94 on
Coordinating Subcommittee on Quality Assurance and Statistics. which is the agreed upon value obtained using an accepted
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally
reference method for measuring the same property.
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6300–07. DOI:
3.1.4 degrees of freedom, n—the divisor used in the calcu-
10.1520/D6300-08.
2
Supporting data have been filed atASTM International Headquarters and may
lation of variance.
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1007.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Organization for Standardization, 1 rue de
the ASTM website. Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6300 − 08
3.1.4.1 Discussion—This definition applies strictly only in 3.1.11.1 Discussion—Interpret as the value equal to or
the simplest cases. Complete definitions are beyond the scope below which the absolute difference between two single test
of this practice. ISO 4259 results obtained in the above conditions may expect to lie with
a probability of 95%. ISO 4259
3.1.5 determinability, n—a quantitative measure of the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D6300–07 Designation:D6300–08
Standard Practice for
Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test
1
Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
2
Both Research Report RR:D02–1007, Manual on Determining Precision Data for ASTM Methods
2
on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the ISO 4259, benefitted greatly from more than 50 years
of collaboration betweenASTM and the Institute of Petroleum (IP) in the UK. The more recent work
was documented by the IP and has become ISO 4259.
ISO 4259 encompasses both the determination of precision and the application of such precision
2
data. In effect, it combines the type of information in RR:D02–1007 regarding the determination of
the precision estimates and the type of information in Practice D 3244 for the utilization of test data.
2
The following practice, intended to replace RR:D02–1007, differs slightly from related portions of
the ISO standard. This new practice is consistent with the computer software, ADJD6300 D2PP,
Version 4.43, Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum
Products. differs slightly from related portions of the ISO standard.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the necessary preparations and planning for the conduct of interlaboratory programs for the
development of estimates of precision (determinability, repeatability, and reproducibility) and of bias (absolute and relative), and
further presents the standard phraseology for incorporating such information into standard test methods.
1.2 This practice is generally limited to homogeneous products with which serious sampling problems do not normally arise.
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for solid or semisolid products such as petroleum coke, industrial pitches, paraffin waxes,
greases, or solid lubricants when the heterogeneous properties of the substances create sampling problems. In such instances, use
Practice E 691 or consult a trained statistician.
1.4A software program (ADJD6300) performs the necessary computations prescribed by this practice.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D 3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 4259 Petroleum Products-Determination and Application of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
2.3ASTM Adjuncts:
34
ADJD6300D2PP, Version 4.43, Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.94 on
Coordinating Subcommittee on Quality Assurance and Statistics.
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6300–06.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 6300–07.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02–1007.
3
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD6300.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6300–08
3. Terminol
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D6300–07 Designation:D6300–08
Standard Practice for
Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test
1
Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
2
Both Research Report RR:D02–1007, Manual on Determining Precision Data for ASTM Methods
2
on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the ISO 4259, benefitted greatly from more than 50 years
of collaboration betweenASTM and the Institute of Petroleum (IP) in the UK. The more recent work
was documented by the IP and has become ISO 4259.
ISO 4259 encompasses both the determination of precision and the application of such precision
2
data. In effect, it combines the type of information in RR:D02–1007 regarding the determination of
the precision estimates and the type of information in Practice D 3244 for the utilization of test data.
2
The following practice, intended to replace RR:D02–1007, differs slightly from related portions of
the ISO standard. This new practice is consistent with the computer software, ADJD6300 D2PP,
Version 4.43, Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum
Products. differs slightly from related portions of the ISO standard.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the necessary preparations and planning for the conduct of interlaboratory programs for the
development of estimates of precision (determinability, repeatability, and reproducibility) and of bias (absolute and relative), and
further presents the standard phraseology for incorporating such information into standard test methods.
1.2 This practice is generally limited to homogeneous products with which serious sampling problems do not normally arise.
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for solid or semisolid products such as petroleum coke, industrial pitches, paraffin waxes,
greases, or solid lubricants when the heterogeneous properties of the substances create sampling problems. In such instances, use
Practice E 691 or consult a trained statistician.
1.4A software program (ADJD6300) performs the necessary computations prescribed by this practice.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D 3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 4259 Petroleum Products-Determination and Application of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
2.3ASTM Adjuncts:
34
ADJD6300D2PP, Version 4.43, Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.94 on
Coordinating Subcommittee on Quality Assurance and Statistics.
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6300–06.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 6300–07.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02–1007.
3
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD6300.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6300–08
3. Terminol
...
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