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ASTM F3071-14

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) Endorsement

Standard Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) Endorsement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine a position and collect navigational data in the wilderness. A person trained to this guide shall be endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW Endorsed).  
4.1.1 Every person who is endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall have met the requirements of this guide.  
4.2 This guide is only the first level of training for wilderness GPS/GNSS use, and only establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a person to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine his or her location and collect navigational data in a wilderness environment. No other skills are included or implied.  
4.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of this guide, a person endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall also be adequately trained to travel and work in a wilderness environment.  
4.4 Depending on the regulations or policies of the AHJ, additional knowledge, skills, or abilities may be required before a person who meets the requirements in this guide may use a GPS/GNSS receiver in a wilderness environment.  
4.4.1 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members.  
4.5 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It only specifies the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for an individual to be endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use. This guide may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program.  
4.6 Though this guide establishes only minimum training, it does not imply that a person endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similar term member of an organization. The AHJ is responsible for determining the requirements and qualifications for member or employee ratings.  
4.7 This guide can be used to evaluate a document to determine if its content includes the nec...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS2 receiver to determine one’s position, and collect location data, in the wilderness.  
1.2 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver on land, on and off roads, and on small bodies of water, wherever GPS/GNSS signals can be received.  
1.3 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver in disaster areas where local positioning aids or references may be lost or damaged.  
1.4 This guide does not apply to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver on large bodies of water, at sea, or in the air.  
1.5 A person who meets the requirements in this guide is only prepared to operate a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine his or her location, and collect position and movement information, in a wilderness environment.  
1.6 This guide does not imply that a GPS/GNSS receiver is a replacement for a map and compass. Use of the latter is strongly recommended as a backup for GPS/GNSS navigation.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2014
ICS
33.070.40 - Satellite
Technical Committee
F32 - Search and Rescue
Drafting Committee
F32.03 - Personnel, Training and Education
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM F3071-14(2020) - Standard Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) Endorsement
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Referred By
ASTM F3098-16 - Standard Guide for Training of Non-Wilderness Land Search Team Member
Effective Date
01-Mar-2014
Referred By
ASTM F3175-16 - Standard Guide for Training and Equipping Search and Rescue Personnel Operating on Mountain Bikes (Mountain Bike SAR Endorsement)
Effective Date
01-Mar-2014
Referred By
ASTM F2209-20 - Standard Guide for Training of Land Search Team Member
Effective Date
01-Mar-2014

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ASTM F3071-14 - Standard Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) EndorsementASTM F3071-14 - Standard Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) Endorsement
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ASTM F3071-14 - Standard Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) Endorsement
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F3071 − 14
Standard Guide for
Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW)
1
Endorsement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to deter- F1633 Guide for Techniques in Land Search
mine one’s position, and collect location data, in the wilder- F1773 Terminology Relating to Climbing, Mountaineering,
ness. Search and Rescue Equipment and Practices
F2209 Guide for Training of Level I Land Search Team
1.2 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver
Member
on land, on and off roads, and on small bodies of water,
wherever GPS/GNSS signals can be received.
3. Terminology
1.3 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver in
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
disasterareaswherelocalpositioningaidsorreferencesmaybe
3.1.1 Galileo, n—a GNSS currently under development by
lost or damaged.
the European Union.
1.4 This guide does not apply to the use of a GPS/GNSS
3.1.2 GLONASS (Globalnaya navigatsionnaya sputnik-
receiver on large bodies of water, at sea, or in the air.
ovaya sistema), n—the GNSS owned and operated by the
Russian Aerospace Defense Forces.
1.5 A person who meets the requirements in this guide is
only prepared to operate a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine 3.1.3 GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), n—a
his or her location, and collect position and movement navigation system utilizing a constellation of dedicated satel-
information, in a wilderness environment. lites to determine a location on or above the earth’s surface.
3.1.4 GNSS receiver, n—a radio receiver that uses satellite
1.6 This guide does not imply that a GPS/GNSS receiver is
a replacement for a map and compass. Use of the latter is signals to fix its location on or above the earth’s surface.
strongly recommended as a backup for GPS/GNSS navigation.
3.1.5 GPS (Global Positioning System), n—the GNSS
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the owned and operated by the United States government.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.6 map datum, n—the set of values used to define a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
particular geodetic model used by a GPS/GNSS receiver to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
determine its location.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 Definitions of terms not defined in this standard can be
found inASTM Guide F1633, Guide F1773, and Guide F2209.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Search
4. Significance and Use
and Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.03 on Personnel,
4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills,
Training and Education.
Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published April 2014. DOI: 10.1520/
andabilitiesrequiredtouseaGPS/GNSSreceivertodetermine
F3071-14.
a position and collect navigational data in the wilderness. A
2
This guide refers to GPS/GNSS, rather than GPS, receivers, due to the
increasing number of global satellite navigation systems worldwide. Currently, only
3
GPS and GLONASS are in operation and provide global satellite coverage. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
However, satellite navigation receivers are now manufactured which are capable of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
utilizing GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo satellites to determine a position on or above Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the earth’s surface. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3071 − 14
person trained to this guide shall be endorsed for Basic 5. General Knowledge of a GPS/GNSS Receiver
Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW Endorsed).
5.1 A person endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS
4.1.1 Every person who is endorsed for Basic Wilderness
Use shall demonstrate knowledge of the following:
GPS/GNSS Use shall have met the requirements of this guide.
5.1.1 How a GPS/GNSS receiver may be used;
4.2 This guide is only the first level of training for wilder- 5.1.2 In general how a GPS/GNSS receiver determines a
ness GPS/GNSS use, and only establishes the minimum location;
knowledge, skills, and
...

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4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to navigate in the wilderness. A person trained to this guide shall be endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IIW Endorsed).  
4.1.1 Every person who is endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall have met the requirements of this guide.  
4.2 This guide is the second level of training for wilderness GPS/GNSS use, and only establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a person to navigate with a GPS/GNSS receiver in a wilderness environment. No other skills are included or implied.  
4.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of this guide, a person endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall also be adequately trained to travel and work in a wilderness environment.  
4.4 Depending on the regulations or policies of the AHJ, additional knowledge, skills, or abilities may be required before a person who meets the requirements in this guide may use a GPS/GNSS receiver to navigate in a wilderness environment.  
4.4.1 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members.  
4.5 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It only specifies the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for an individual to be endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use. This guide may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program.  
4.6 Though this guide establishes only minimum training, it does not imply that a person endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similar term member of an organization. The AHJ is responsible for determining the requirements and qualifications for member or employee ratings.  
4.7 This guide can be used to evaluate a document to determine if its content includes the necessary topics for training a person to be endorsed ...
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1.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS2 receiver to navigate in the wilderness.  
1.2 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver on land, on and off roads, and on small bodies of water, wherever GPS/GNSS signals can be received.  
1.3 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver in disaster areas where local positioning aids or references may be lost or damaged.  
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1.5 This guide does not imply that a GPS/GNSS receiver is a replacement for a map and compass. Use of the latter is strongly recommended as a backup for GPS/GNSS navigation.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine a position and collect navigational data in the wilderness. A person trained to this guide shall be endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW Endorsed).  
4.1.1 Every person who is endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall have met the requirements of this guide.  
4.2 This guide is only the first level of training for wilderness GPS/GNSS use, and only establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a person to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine his or her location and collect navigational data in a wilderness environment. No other skills are included or implied.  
4.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of this guide, a person endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall also be adequately trained to travel and work in a wilderness environment.  
4.4 Depending on the regulations or policies of the AHJ, additional knowledge, skills, or abilities may be required before a person who meets the requirements in this guide may use a GPS/GNSS receiver in a wilderness environment.  
4.4.1 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members.  
4.5 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It only specifies the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for an individual to be endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use. This guide may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program.  
4.6 Though this guide establishes only minimum training, it does not imply that a person endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similar term member of an organization. The AHJ is responsible for determining the requirements and qualifications for member or employee ratings.  
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1.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS2 receiver to determine one’s position, and collect location data, in the wilderness.  
1.2 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver on land, on and off roads, and on small bodies of water, wherever GPS/GNSS signals can be received.  
1.3 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver in disaster areas where local positioning aids or references may be lost or damaged.  
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1.5 A person who meets the requirements in this guide is only prepared to operate a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine his or her location, and collect position and movement information, in a wilderness environment.  
1.6 This guide does not imply that a GPS/GNSS receiver is a replacement for a map and compass. Use of the latter is strongly recommended as a backup for GPS/GNSS navigation.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to navigate in the wilderness. A person trained to this guide shall be endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IIW Endorsed).  
4.1.1 Every person who is endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall have met the requirements of this guide.  
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4.4.1 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members.  
4.5 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It only specifies the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for an individual to be endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use. This guide may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program.  
4.6 Though this guide establishes only minimum training, it does not imply that a person endorsed for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similar term member of an organization. The AHJ is responsible for determining the requirements and qualifications for member or employee ratings.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine a position and collect navigational data in the wilderness. A person trained to this guide shall be endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW Endorsed).  
4.1.1 Every person who is endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall have met the requirements of this guide.  
4.2 This guide is only the first level of training for wilderness GPS/GNSS use, and only establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a person to use a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine his or her location and collect navigational data in a wilderness environment. No other skills are included or implied.  
4.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of this guide, a person endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use shall also be adequately trained to travel and work in a wilderness environment.  
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4.4.1 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members.  
4.5 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It only specifies the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for an individual to be endorsed for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use. This guide may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program.  
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4.7 This guide can be used to evaluate a document to determine if its content includes the nec...
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1.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use a GPS/GNSS2 receiver to determine one’s position, and collect location data, in the wilderness.  
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1.3 This guide applies to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver in disaster areas where local positioning aids or references may be lost or damaged.  
1.4 This guide does not apply to the use of a GPS/GNSS receiver on large bodies of water, at sea, or in the air.  
1.5 A person who meets the requirements in this guide is only prepared to operate a GPS/GNSS receiver to determine his or her location, and collect position and movement information, in a wilderness environment.  
1.6 This guide does not imply that a GPS/GNSS receiver is a replacement for a map and compass. Use of the latter is strongly recommended as a backup for GPS/GNSS navigation.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SCOPE
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1.1 This specification covers preformed expansion joint fillers made from closed-cell polypropylene foam materials having suitable compressibility, recovery from compression, nonextruding, and weather-resistant characteristics.  
1.1.1 Type I, closed-cell polypropylene foam.  
1.2 These joint fillers are intended for use in concrete pavements in full-depth joints. There are several variations in size with typical thicknesses of 1/2 in. (12.7 mm), 3/4 in. (19.05 mm), and 1 in. (25.4 mm); typical widths of 31/2 in. (88.9 mm), 4 in. (101.6 mm), 5 in. (127 mm), 6 in. (152.5 mm), 7 in. (177.8 mm), 8 in. (203.2 mm), or 48 in. (1.2 m) sheet; and typical lengths of 5 ft (1.52 m) and 10 ft (3.05 m).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
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  • Technical specification
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ASTM
ASTM F3337-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Taking Property and Behavior Measurements on Weathered Fractions of Oil

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A standard procedure is necessary to establish property changes for spilled oils or petroleum products at different oil weathering stages.  
5.2 This procedure employs standardized equipment, and test procedures.  
5.3 This procedure should be performed at the stages of weathering corresponding to the spill conditions of interest.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide summarizes methods to fractionate oil by evaporative weathering and then measure the properties and behavior of the weathered oil. The results of this guide can provide oil behavior data for input into oil spill models and response method selection.  
1.2 This guide covers general procedures for oil weathering and behavior and does not cover all possible procedures which may be applicable to this topic.  
1.3 The results obtained using this guide are intended to provide baseline data for the behavior of oil and petroleum products when spilled and input to oil spill models.  
1.4 The results obtained using this guide can be used directly to predict certain facets of oil spill behavior or as input to oil spill models.  
1.5 The accuracy of the guide depends very much on the representative nature of the oil sample used. Certain oils can have different properties depending on their chemical contents at the moment a sample is taken.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
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  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off