ASTM F180-94(2015)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density of Fine Wire and Ribbon Wire for Electronic Devices
Standard Test Method for Density of Fine Wire and Ribbon Wire for Electronic Devices
ABSTRACT
This test method establishes the standard procedures and calculations used (including precision and biases) for determining, to an accuracy of 1.0 %, the density of fine wires and ribbon wires that are used in electronic devices. This test method requires the use of the following apparatuses: chemical balance, micrometer, standard volume cylinder, thermometer, vacuum pump and desiccator, and hook and cradle suspended by a fine wire.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of, to an accuracy of 1.0 %, the density of fine wires ranging from 0.25 to 0.02 mm in diameter, or ribbons of similar thicknesses, for electronic devices.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 4.
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Designation: F180 − 94 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Density of Fine Wire and Ribbon Wire for Electronic
Devices
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF180;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope approximately the same as the diameter and about 12.7 to 25.4
mm.The surface of the cylinder shall be smooth and free from
1.1 This test method covers the determination of, to an
defects, pits, or cracks.The corners of the cylinder shall not be
accuracy of 1.0%, the density of fine wires ranging from 0.25
rounded.
to 0.02 mm in diameter, or ribbons of similar thicknesses, for
electronic devices. 3.4 Thermometer, capable of being read to 0.2°C within the
range from 10 to 35°C.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3.5 Vacuum Pump and Desiccator —A vacuum pump ca-
standard. pable of producing a vacuum of 0.1 mm Hg and a vacuum
desiccator.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.6 Hook suspended by a fine wire about 0.08 mm in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
diameter, both made of corrosion-resistant material, for sup-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
porting the test specimen while weighing it in the liquid.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
3.7 Cradle suspended by a fine wire about 0.08 mm in
statements are given in Section 4.
diameter, both made of corrosion-resistant material, for sup-
porting the standard volume cylinder while weighing it in the
2. Terminology
test liquid.
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 density—the weight per unit volume, expressed in 4. Test Liquid
grams per cubic centimetre, in accordance with the following
4.1 The test liquid in which the test specimen and standard
equation:
volume cylinder are to be immersed while being weighed shall
∆ 5 W/V be pure, stable, and shall have a low viscosity, low surface
tension, low vapor pressure and a density of not less than 2
where:
g/cm . Tetrabromoethane and tribromomethane have been
∆ = density of the specimen
found satisfactory for this purpose.
W = weight of the specimen, g, and
4.2 Precaution These liquids are moderately toxic and
V = volume of the specimen, cm .
should only be used by those familiar with the hazards
3. Apparatus
involved.
4.2.1 Tests should be carried out under a fume hood. The
3.1 Balance—Asuitable chemical balance capable of being
fluids used should be considered potentially dangerous.
read to 0.1 mg.
4.2.2 Hazard—When treated, highly toxic fumes are given
3.2 Micrometer, capable of being read to 0.002 mm.
off. Prolonged inhalation can cause unconsciousness.
3.3 Standard Volume Cylinder—Acylinder of standard vol-
4.2.3 Treatment—Fresh air; artificial respiration if uncon-
ume made from corrosion-resistant material such as nickel,
scious; oxygen if required.
cylindrical in shape to within 0.0025 mm and of uniform
5. Test Specimen
diameter and length. The length of the cylinder shall be
5.1 The preferred length of wire or ribbon required for the
test specimen shall be such that the volume is approximately
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on
3 3
0.5 cm . The use of a specimen of less than 0.2 cm is not
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic
Materials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip.
recommended.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally
approved in 1943 as B180–43T. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as
ɛ1
F180–94(2010) . DOI: 10.1520/F0180-94R15. See Sax, N. I., Handbook of Dangerous Materials, 1951.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F180 − 94 (2015)
6. Preparation of Specimen where:
d = density of test liquid, g/cm ,
6.1 The wire or ribbon shall be wiped and loosely wound
w = weight of standard volume cylinder in air, g,
into a small coil and bound with wire of the same composition a
c = weight of cradle in liquid, g,
l
in such a manner that no loose ends project from the body of
w = weight of standard volume cylinder and its supporting
l
the coil in order to produce a compact coil sufficiently loosely
cradle in liquid, g, and
wound to permit penetration of the test liquid upon immersion.
v = volume of standard cylinder, cm .
The test specimen shall be thoroughly cleaned of lubricants by
The density of most liquids varies considerably with the
washing or boiling in suitable solvents and thoroughly drying
temperature. If the weight of the specimen and the weight of
in an oven.
the cylinder have been determined at different temperatures, it
will be necessary to apply a temperature correction to obtain
7. Procedure
the density of the liquid for the temperature at which the
7.1 Weigh the test specimen in air to the nearest 0.1 mg.
specimen is tested.
Pour sufficient test liquid into a beaker to completely cover
NOTE
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: F180 − 94 (Reapproved 2010) F180 − 94 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Density of Fine Wire and Ribbon Wire for Electronic
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F180; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—This standard was converted to solely SI units editorially in December 2010.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of, to an accuracy of 1.0 %, the density of fine wires ranging from 0.25 to 0.02
mm in diameter, or ribbons of similar thicknesses, for electronic devices.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 4.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 density—the weight per unit volume, expressed in grams per cubic centimetre, in accordance with the following equation:
Δ5 W/V
where:
Δ = density of the specimen
W = weight of the specimen, g, and
V = volume of the specimen, cm .
3. Apparatus
3.1 Balance—A suitable chemical balance capable of being read to 0.1 mg.
3.2 Micrometer, capable of being read to 0.002 mm.
3.3 Standard Volume Cylinder—A cylinder of standard volume made from corrosion-resistant material such as nickel,
cylindrical in shape to within 0.0025 mm and of uniform diameter and length. The length of the cylinder shall be approximately
the same as the diameter and about 12.7 to 25.4 mm. The surface of the cylinder shall be smooth and free from defects, pits, or
cracks. The corners of the cylinder shall not be rounded.
3.4 Thermometer, capable of being read to 0.2°C within the range from 10 to 35°C.
3.5 Vacuum Pump and Desiccator —A vacuum pump capable of producing a vacuum of 0.1 mm Hg and a vacuum desiccator.
3.6 Hook suspended by a fine wire about 0.08 mm in diameter, both made of corrosion-resistant material, for supporting the test
specimen while weighing it in the liquid.
3.7 Cradle suspended by a fine wire about 0.08 mm in diameter, both made of corrosion-resistant material, for supporting the
standard volume cylinder while weighing it in the test liquid.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic MaterialsMaterials,
Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010July 1, 2015. Published January 2011September 2015. Originally approved in 1943 as B180 – 43 T. Last previous edition approved
ɛ1
in 20052010 as F180 – 94 (2005).(2010) . DOI: 10.1520/F0180-94R10E01.10.1520/F0180-94R15.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F180 − 94 (2015)
4. Test Liquid
4.1 The test liquid in which the test specimen and standard volume cylinder are to be immersed while being weighed shall be
pure, stable, and shall have a low viscosity, low surface tension, low vapor pressure and a density of not less than 2 g/cm .
Tetrabromoethane and tribromomethane have been found satisfactory for this purpose.
4.2 Precaution These liquids are moderately toxic and should only be used by those familiar with the hazards involved.
4.2.1 Tests should be carried out under a fume hood. The fluids used should be considered potentially dangerous.
4.2.2 Hazard—When treated, highly toxic fumes are given off. Prolonged inhalation can cause unconsciousness.
4.2.3 Treatment—Fresh air; artificial respiration if unconscious; oxygen if required.
5. Test Specimen
5.1 The preferred length of wire or ribbon required for the test specimen shall be such that the volume is approximately 0.5 cm .
The use of a specimen of less than 0.2 cm is not recommended.
6. Preparation of Specimen
6.1 The wire or ribbon shall be wiped and loosely wound into a small coil and bound with wire of the same composition in such
a manner that no loose ends project from the body of the coil in order to produce a compact coil sufficiently loosely wound to
permit penetration of the test liquid upon immersion. The test specimen shall be thoroughly cleaned of lubricants by washing or
boiling in suitable solvents and thoroughly drying in an oven.
7. Procedure
7.1 Weigh the test specimen in air to the nearest 0.1 mg. Pour sufficient test liquid into a beaker to completely cover either the
test specimen or the standard volume cylinder (see 7.4) when suspended by their respective supports in the liquid for weighing
(Note 2). Immerse the specimen in the liquid, and place the beaker containing the specimen entirely submerged in the vacuum
desiccator. The vacuum produced by the pump shall be sufficient to bring the liquid to a slow boil at room temperature and the
boiling shall be continued for 10 to 15 min. Du
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