ASTM E889-82(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Composition or Purity of a Solid Waste Materials Stream
Standard Test Method for Composition or Purity of a Solid Waste Materials Stream
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This method is used to document the ability of solid waste resource recovery separators to concentrate or classify a particular component (or components) present in solid waste.
The purity determined in this way is used to calculate the recovery achieved by a separator as another measure of its performance, according to Test Method E 1108.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the composition of a materials stream in a solid waste resource recovery processing facility. The composition is determined with respect to one or more defined components. The results are used for determining the purity resulting from the operation of one or more separators, and in conjunction with Test Method E 1108 used to measure the efficiency of a materials separation device.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see Section 7.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:E889–82(Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Composition or Purity of a Solid Waste Materials Stream
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
E1108 Test Method for Determination of the Recovery of a
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com-
Product in a Materials Separation Device
position of a materials stream in a solid waste resource
recovery processing facility. The composition is determined
3. Terminology Definitions
with respect to one or more defined components. The results
3.1 binary separator—a device that separates a single input
areusedfordeterminingthepurityresultingfromtheoperation
feed stream into two output or product streams.
ofoneormoreseparators,andinconjunctionwithTestMethod
3.2 gross sample—a sample representing one lot and com-
E1108 used to measure the efficiency of a materials separation
posed of a number of increments on which neither reduction
device.
nor division has been performed.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.3 laboratory sample or analysis sample—a portion of one
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
gross sample representative of a lot and taken at random from
only.
the gross sample.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.4 polynary separator—a device that separates a single
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
input feed stream into three or more output product streams.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.5 purity—The purity of a stream is defined in terms of one
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
or more identifiable components, x, y, z, etc.The purity for any
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard state-
component such asx is the mass ofx in a stream divided by the
ments, see Section 7.
total mass of that stream. In some cases, the mass of x must be
2. Referenced Documents defined in practical terms that relate to the origin of the feed.
For example, the purity of a ferrous product magnetically
2.1 ASTM Standards:
recovered from refuse can be expressed as the purity of ferrous
C566 Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content
by proximate analysis.Alternatively, it can be expressed as the
of Aggregate by Drying
purity by manual sorting, with all nonferrous materials that
C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Test-
cannot readily be removed by hand as the contaminants. In any
ing Size
case, purity must be defined for each application.
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
4. Summary of Test Method
Paperboard by Oven Drying
4.1 Agross sample of a preselected process stream is taken,
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
and subdivided into four laboratory samples. Two of the
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
laboratory samples are analyzed for composition of the com-
of Coal
ponent(s) or item(s) of interest by hand-picking and weighing.
E380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
The third sample is used if the results of the first two do not
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
agree within specified limits. The composition is computed as
E1107 Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of
theweightratioofthecomponent(s)ofinteresttotheweightof
the sample.
4.2 The composition is expressed as the purity of the stream
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
with respect to the component(s) indicated.
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 onTreatment,
Recovery and Reuse.
5. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Sept. 28, 2004. Published May 1983. DOI: 10.1520/
E0889-82R04.
5.1 This method is used to document the ability of solid
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
waste resource recovery separators to concentrate or classify a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
particular component (or components) present in solid waste.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E889–82 (2004)
5.2 The purity determined in this way is used to calculate 9.2 Gross samples shall be subdivided in accordance with
the recovery achieved by a separator as another measure of its Practice C702 to form four laboratory samples. Each is
performance, according to Test Method E1108. weighed and labeled. This is recorded as “as-received weight.”
9.3 Samples from wet processing steps, for example, wet
6. Apparatus
screening, spiral classification, jigging, etc., are to be weighed
afterdrainingthewater,inaccordancewith11.3.Theweightof
6.1 Scales—Several size scales must be available to weigh
such samples is recorded as the “drained weight.”
gross samples and laboratory samples that will range in size
from less than 1 kg (2.2 lb) to more than 100 kg (220 lb). All
10. Conditioning
scales should have a precision and accuracy of 60.1 %.
10.1 Weigh the samples immediately after being taken with
6.2 Sorting Apparatus—This may be any convenient work
due precaution so that they neither gain nor lose weight from
surface, such as a table and bins as decribed by Kaiser et al.
natural drying or from being left uncovered in wet or dusty
6.3 Polyethylene Bags, used to store laboratory and some-
areas. This is known as“ as-received weight.”
times gross samples as the means of preserving their moisture
10.2 Condition wet samples by draining in accordance with
content.These bags should be 0.10 to 0.15 mm (0.004 to 0.006
11.8. This is known as “drained weight.”
in.) thick and supplied with metal ties.
10.3 The weight of dry samples, either of gross or labora-
6.4 Laboratory Drying Oven, and general associated equip-
tory samples, must exclude the contained moisture. Dry
ment are required.
samples in accordance with 11.10. This is known as “dry
7. Hazards weight.”
7.1 This procedure calls for the hand-picking of solid waste
11. Procedure
and its processed fractions. Because the origin of all of the
11.1 Take a gross sample in accordance with the section on
materials is generally unknown, workers must use proper
Procedures, in Method E1107.
safety precautions when handling samples. Workers shall wear
11.1.1 Contain the gross sample in a moisture barrier
gloves and safety glasses. When appropriate, dust masks shall
containerinaccordancewith11.8.1ifthemoisturecontentisto
be worn. Workers must be cautioned to wash their hands
be preserved.
thoroughly before eating or smoking.
11.1.2 Record the weight of the gross sample.
7.2 Particular caution shall be exercised when collecting
11.2 Subdividethegrosssampleintofournearequalpartsin
samples near moving equipment.
accordance with Practice C702 to form four laboratory
samples.
8. Sampling
11.2.1 Place the laboratory samples in moisture barrier
8.1 Samples are taken from processor streams, or separator
containers, in accordance with 11.10 if the moisture content is
outputorinputstreams,accordingtotheproceduresoutlinedin
to be preserved.
Method E1107.
11.2.2 Record the weight of each laboratory sample.
8.2 The purity is determined with respect to a particular
11.3 Choose two of the laboratory samples at random for
component in the stream, such as steel cans or glass. Hence,
analysis; retain the other two, if needed, in accordance with
sampling and con
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