ASTM C1167-22

Standard Specification for Clay Roof Tiles

ABSTRACT
This specification covers clay roof tiles with such durability and appearance that can provide a weather-resistant surface of a specified design. Each tile should be manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to high-temperature firing. The heat treatment should develop a fired bond between material particles that provides the required strength and durability. The tiles should be shaped by molding, pressing, or extrusion during manufacture. Generally, the tiles are planar or undulating rectangular and are classified into three grades according to the degree of resistance to weathering. Materials are also grouped into three types according to profile and rise-to-width ratio. Colors and textures produced by application of inorganic coatings are allowed except when the coloring is done by flashing or the texturing by sanding where the sand does not form a continuous coating. Each tile should conform to the specified values of durability, freezing and thawing, transverse breaking strength, efflorescence, reactive particulates, and permeability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers clay tiles intended for use as roof covering where durability and appearance are required to provide a weather-resistant surface of specified design.  
1.2 Tiles are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232).  
1.3 Tiles are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion and it is permitted to use the shaping method to describe the tiles.  
1.4 Tiles are generally planar or undulating rectangular shapes available in a variety of cross-sectional profiles, shapes, sizes, surface textures, and colors.  
1.5 Three grades of tile having various degrees of resistance to weathering are covered in this specification. Three types of tile are defined to cover the features that influence appearance.  
1.6 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2022
• ICS: 91.100.25 - Terracotta building products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.06 - Roofing Tile

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C1167 −22
Standard Specification for
1
Clay Roof Tiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1167; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This specification covers clay tiles intended for use as
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
roof covering where durability and appearance are required to
provide a weather-resistant surface of specified design.
2. Referenced Documents
2
1.2 Tiles are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar
2.1 ASTM Standards:
naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to heat
C67/C67MTest Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick
treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment
and Structural Clay Tile
must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents
C297/C297MTest Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of
to provide the strength and durability requirements of this
Sandwich Constructions
specification(see firingand fired bondinTerminologyC1232).
C554Test Method for Crazing Resistance of Fired Glazed
Ceramic Whitewares by a Thermal Shock Method
1.3 Tiles are shaped during manufacture by molding,
C1232Terminology for Masonry
pressing, or extrusion and it is permitted to use the shaping
method to describe the tiles.
3. Terminology
1.4 Tiles are generally planar or undulating rectangular
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to struc-
shapesavailableinavarietyofcross-sectionalprofiles,shapes,
turalclayproducts,andclayrooftiles,seeTerminologyC1232.
sizes, surface textures, and colors.
4. Classification
1.5 Threegradesoftilehavingvariousdegreesofresistance
to weathering are covered in this specification. Three types of 4.1 Clay roof tiles covered by this specification are classi-
fiedbygradefordurabilityandtypeforappearanceasfollows:
tile are defined to cover the features that influence appearance.
4.1.1 Grades:
1.6 The text of this specification references notes and
4.1.1.1 Grade 1—Providing resistance to severe frost ac-
footnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes and
tion.
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
4.1.1.2 Grade 2—Providing resistance to moderate frost
considered as requirements of the standard.
action.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1.1.3 Grade 3—Providing negligible resistance to any
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
frost action.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.1.4 Grades relate to exposure to weather as defined in
and are not considered standard.
Table 1.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 Types:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2.1 Type I—High-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
width ratio greater than 1:5.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.2.2 Type II—Low-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
width ratio equal to, or less than 1:5.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.2.3 Type III—All other tiles, including flat.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Material and Finish
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 Colors and textures produced by application of inor-
ganic coatings to the faces of the tiles are not prohibited
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C15.06 on Roofing Tile. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2022. Published April 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C1167–11(2017). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C1167-22. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1167−22
TABLE 1 Grade Classification for Clay Roof Tiles TABLE 2 Physical Requirements
Grade Absorption Requirements
Weathering Index (see Annex A1)
(
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1167 − 11 (Reapproved 2017) C1167 − 22
Standard Specification for
1
Clay Roof Tiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1167; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers clay tiles intended for use as roof covering where durability and appearance are required to provide
a weather-resistant surface of specified design.
1.2 Tiles are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to heat treatment at
elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the
strength and durability requirements of this specification (see firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232).
1.3 Tiles are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion and it is permitted to use the shaping method to
describe the tiles.
1.4 Tiles are generally planar or undulating rectangular shapes available in a variety of cross-sectional profiles, shapes, sizes,
surface textures, and colors.
1.5 Three grades of tile having various degrees of resistance to weathering are covered in this specification. Three types of tile
are defined to cover the features that influence appearance.
1.6 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.06 on Roofing
Tile.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017March 1, 2022. Published January 2018April 2022. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20112017 as
C1167 – 11.C1167 – 11(2017). DOI: 10.1520/C1167-11R17.10.1520/C1167-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1167 − 22
TABLE 1 Grade Classification for Clay Roof Tiles
Grade
Weathering Index (see Annex A1)
(All Types)
1 500 and greater
2 50 to 500
3 less than 50
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
C67C67/C67M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C297/C297M Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of Sandwich Constructions
C554 Test Method for Crazing Resistance of Fired Glazed Ceramic Whitewares by a Thermal Shock Method
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to structural clay products, and clay roof tiles, see Terminology C1232.
4. Classification
4.1 Clay roof tiles covered by this specification are classified by grade for durability and type for appearance as follows:
4.1.1 Grades:
4.1.1.1 Grade 1—Providing resistance to severe frost action.
4.1.1.2 Grade 2—Providing resistance to moderate frost action.
4.1.1.3 Grade 3—Providing negligible resistance to any frost action.
4.1.1.4 Grades relate to exposure to weather as defined in Table 1.
4.2 Types:
4.2.1 Type I—High-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-width ratio greater than 1:5.
4.2.2 Type II—Low-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-width ratio equal to, or less than 1:5.
4.2.3 Type III—All other tiles, including flat.
5. Material and Finish
5.1 Colors and textures produced by application of inorganic coatings to the faces
...