ASTM D2714-94(1998)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine
Standard Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the calibration and operation of a block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine.
1.2 The values stated in either SI (metric) units or inch-pound units to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values of the two systems may result in noncomformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2714 – 94 (Reapproved 1998) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring
Friction and Wear Testing Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2714; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the calibration and operation of 3.1 The test machine is operated using a steel test ring
a block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine. rotating against a steel test block, the specimen assembly being
1.2 The values stated in either SI (metric) units or inch- partially immersed in the lubricant sample. The velocity of the
pound units to be regarded separately as standard. Within the test ring is 7.9 6 0.16 m/min (26 6 0.52 ft/min) which is
text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values equivalent to a spindle speed of 72 6 1 rpm. The specimens are
stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each subjected to 68 kg (150 lb) normal load applied by 6.8 kg (15
system must be used independently of the other. Combining lb) of dead weight on the 10:1 ratio lever system. Test duration
values of the two systems may result in noncomformance with is 5000 cycles.
the standard. 3.2 Three determinations are made: ( 1) The friction force
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the after a certain number of revolutions, (2) the average width of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the the wear scar on the stationary block at the end of the test, and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- (3) the weight loss for the stationary block at the end of the test.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 This test method is used for the calibration of a
2. Terminology
block-on-ring testing machine by measuring the friction and
2.1 Definitions: wear properties of a calibration fluid under the prescribed test
2.1.1 coeffıcient of friction, μ or f—in tribology, the dimen- conditions.
sionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to the 4.2 The user of this test method should determine to his or
normal force (N) pressing these two bodies together. her own satisfaction whether results of this test procedure
correlate with field performance or other bench test machines.
μor f 5 ~F/N! (1)
If the test conditions are changed, wear values can change and
2.1.1.1 Discussion—A distinction is often made between
relative ratings of fluids can be different.
static coeffıcient of friction and kinetic coeffıcient of friction.
2.1.2 friction force—the resisting force tangential to the
5. Apparatus
interface between two bodies when, under the action of an
5.1 Falex Block-on-Ring Test Machine, shown in Fig. 1
external force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the
and Fig. 2 and described in detail in Annex A1.
other.
NOTE 1—Consult the instruction manual for each machine to determine
2.1.3 kinetic coeffıcient of friction—the coefficient of fric-
respective capabilities and limitations.
tion under conditions of macroscopic relative motion between
5.2 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest
two bodies.
2.1.4 wear—damage to a solid surface, generally involving 0.1 mg.
5.3 Measuring Magnifier Glass, with SI or inch-pound
progressive loss of material, due to relative motion between
that surface and a contacting substance or substances. calibration so that the scar width can be measured with a
precision of 0.01 mm, or equivalent.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
6. Reagents and Materials
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L on Industrial Lubricants.
6.1 Test Rings, Falex Type S-10, SAE 4620 carburized
This test method was prepared under the joint sponsorship of the American
Society of Lubrication Engineers with the cooperation of the Coordinating Research
Council, Inc. (CRC) Aviation Committee on Bonded Solid-Film Lubricants.
Accepted by ASLE September 1968. The block-on-ring test machine is manufactured by Falex Corp., 1020 Airpark
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 1994. Published April 1994. Originally Dr., Sugar Grove, IL 60554.
published as D 2714 – 68. Last previous edition D 2714 – 88. Available from Falex Corp., 1020 Airpark Drive, Sugar Grove, IL 60554.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2714
the test area. Tighten the test ring on the shaft with 440 N (100
lbf) as measured on the friction force meter on the digital
instrument unit.
7.4 Place the heater door in position and fill chamber with
test fluid to about halfway on the spindle (half of the test ring
is immersed). This volume must be measured (approximately
100 mL) and the same amount used for each test. Set the
temperature control of the oil reservoir to 43.3°C (110°F). It is
preferable to control the temperature of the liquid being tested,
but if the machine is not equipped with a temperature controller
indicator, then record the liquid temperature.
FIG. 1 Falex Block-On-Ring Variable Drive Testing Machine
8. Calibration
8.1 A machine shall be judged to be in acceptable condition
when the results obtained on the calibration fluid fall within the
following limits:
8.1.1 Wear measurement is between 1.70 and 2.90 mm.
8.1.2 Friction force after 4500 revolutions is between 66
and 97 N (15.0 and 22.0 lbf).
9. Procedure
9.1 With the revolution counter set at zero, gently place a
6.78-kg (15-lb) load on the bale rod, being very careful to
avoid shock-loading. When the fluid reaches temperature of
43.3°C (110°F) start the machine and bring the speed to 72
rpm. Record the friction force and the temperature of the liquid
FIG. 2 Falex Block-On-Ring Test Machine with Microprocessor
at 200, 400, 600, and 4500 revolutions and check the speed at
Data Acquisition and Control System
each of these times. Stop the machine at 5000 revolutions.
Remove the test block and test ring and clean them thoroughly
steel, having a hardness of 58 to 63 HRC. The test ring has a
using solvents selected in 6.3. Remove any excess wear
width of 8.15 mm (0.321 in.), a diameter of 35 mm (1.3775 in.)
particles that have accumulated on the side of the scar by
and a maximum radial run out of 0.013 mm (0.0005 in.). The
brushing with a camel’s hair brush; weigh the test ring and test
surface roughness shall be 0.15 to 0.30 μm (6 to 12 μin.) rms.
block to the nearest 0.1 mg and measure the width of the wear
3 4
6.2 Test Blocks, Falex Type H-30, SAE 01 tool steel
scar of the test block at three points: in the center and 1 mm
having two ground test surfaces of 0.10 to 0.20μ m (4 to 8 μin.)
away from each edge as shown in Fig. 3. Four tests are required
rms. The test block has a test surface width of 6.35 mm (0.250
to establish a satisfactory average.
in.) and a length of 15.76 mm (0.620 in.). The test block has a
hardness of 27 to 33 HRC.
10. Calculation and Report
6.3 Solvents, safe, nonfilming, nonchlor
...
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