ASTM D6634-01(2006)
(Guide)Standard Guide for the Selection of Purging and Sampling Devices for Groundwater Monitoring Wells
Standard Guide for the Selection of Purging and Sampling Devices for Groundwater Monitoring Wells
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Appropriate purging and sampling equipment must be used to ensure that samples collected from monitoring wells represent the groundwater chemistry of the desired water bearing zone.
This guide is intended to be a common reference for purging and sampling devices. It can be applied to groundwater quality sampling from monitoring wells used for groundwater contamination evaluation, water supply characterization, and research.
This guide includes a number of general guidance statements that are not directly related to the operating principles or characteristics of the equipment. These statements are given to assist the user in understanding the application of the equipment, which could ultimately affect the selection process.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes the characteristics and operating principles of purging and sampling devices available for use in groundwater monitoring wells and provides criteria for selecting appropriate devices for specific applications. The selected device(s) should be capable of purging the well and providing valid representative samples of groundwater and any included dissolved constituents. The scope does not include procedures for purging or collecting samples from monitoring wells, sampling devices for non-aqueous phase liquids, diffusion-type sampling devices or sampling from devices other than monitoring wells.
1.2 This guide reviews many of the most commonly used devices for purging and sampling groundwater monitoring wells. The practitioner must make every effort to ensure that the purging and sampling methods used, whether or not they are addressed in this guide, are adequate to satisfy the monitoring objectives at each site.
1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of the many unique aspects of a project. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6634 − 01 (Reapproved2006)
Standard Guide for
the Selection of Purging and Sampling Devices for
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Groundwater Monitoring Wells
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6634; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This guide describes the characteristics and operating 2.1 ASTM Standards:
principles of purging and sampling devices available for use in D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment
groundwater monitoring wells and provides criteria for select- Used at Waste Sites
ing appropriate devices for specific applications. The selected D6452 Guide for Purging Methods for Wells Used for
device(s) should be capable of purging the well and providing Ground-Water Quality Investigations
valid representative samples of groundwater and any included
dissolved constituents. The scope does not include procedures 3. Summary of Guide
for purging or collecting samples from monitoring wells,
3.1 The primary objective of groundwater sampling pro-
samplingdevicesfornon-aqueousphaseliquids,diffusion-type
grams is to collect representative samples of groundwater.
sampling devices or sampling from devices other than moni-
Depending on the purging and sampling protocol, this may
toring wells.
require that the well is purged of all stagnant water, or until
pre-determined purging criteria are met. Therefore, device(s)
1.2 This guide reviews many of the most commonly used
selected for use in groundwater sampling programs must be
devices for purging and sampling groundwater monitoring
capable of purging the well as needed and/or delivering to the
wells. The practitioner must make every effort to ensure that
surface, a sample representative of in-situ groundwater condi-
the purging and sampling methods used, whether or not they
tions. A number of factors can influence whether or not a
are addressed in this guide, are adequate to satisfy the
particularsampleorsetofsamplesisrepresentative,andoneof
monitoring objectives at each site.
the significant elements of sample collection protocols is the
1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of information
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sampling mechanism (1, 2, 3).
oraseriesofoptionsanddoesnotrecommendaspecificcourse
of action. This document cannot replace education or experi- 3.2 In selecting a purging and/or sampling device for use in
a groundwater monitoring well, a number of factors must be
ence and should be used in conjunction with professional
judgement. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in considered.Among these are1) outside diameter of the device;
2) materials from which the device and associated equipment
all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to
representorreplacethestandardofcarebywhichtheadequacy are made; 3) overall impact of the device on groundwater
sample integrity with respect to the analytes of interest; 4)
of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
document be applied without consideration of the many unique ability to control the discharge rate of the device; 5 ) depth to
water; 6) ease of operation and servicing; 7) reliability and
aspects of a project. The word “Standard” in the title of this
durability of the device; 8) portability of the device and
document means only that the document has been approved
required accessory equipment, if applicable; 9) other opera-
through the ASTM consensus process.
tional limitations of the device; and 10) initial and operating
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
cost of the device and accessory equipment. Based on these
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
considerations,eachofthedevicesavailableforpurgingand/or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sampling groundwater from monitoring wells has its own
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
unique set of advantages and limitations.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeD18 on Soil and Rock For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Vadose Zone Investigations. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved July 1, 2006. Published July 2006. Originally approved the ASTM website.
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in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D6634 – 01. DOI: 10.1520/ The boldface numbers in
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