ASTM D6082-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Standard Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The tendency of oils to foam at high temperature can be a serious problem in systems such as high-speed gearing, high volume pumping, and splash lubrication. Foaming can cause inadequate lubrication, cavitation, and loss of lubricant due to overflow, and these events can lead to mechanical failure.
Correlation between the amount of foam created or the time for foam to collapse, or both, and actual lubrication failure has not been established. Such relations should be empirically determined for foam sensitive applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the procedure for determining the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils (specifically transmission fluid and motor oil) at 150°C.
1.2 Foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at temperatures up to 93.5°C are determined by Test Method D892 or IP 146.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D6082–11
Standard Test Method for
High Temperature Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating
1
Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6082; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Per-
meability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
1.1 This test method describes the procedure for determin-
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
ing the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils (specifically
ders
transmission fluid and motor oil) at 150°C.
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
1.2 Foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at tempera-
IP146 StandardMethodofTestforFoamingCharacteristics
tures up to 93.5°C are determined by Test Method D892 or
of Lubricating Oils
IP146.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions:
standard.
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
liquid (Test Method D892).
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Although diffusers can be made of
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
eithermetallicornon-metallicmaterials,inthistestmethodthe
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
diffuser is sintered stainless steel.
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the liquid
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
is the major component on a volumetric basis.
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The air (or gas) is in the form of
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
discrete bubbles of about 10 to 1000 µm in diameter. The
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
bubbles are not uniformly dispersed. In time, they rise to the
may be prohibited by law.
surfacetocoalescetoformlargerbubbleswhichbreakorform
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
foam. Subsurface coalescence can also occur, in which case,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the bubbles will rise more rapidly.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 foam, n—in liquids, a collection of bubbles formed in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
oronthesurfaceofaliquidinwhichtheairorgasisthemajor
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
component on a volumetric basis.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.4 gas, n—a fluid (such as air) that has neither indepen-
2
dent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
D892 TestMethodforFoamingCharacteristicsofLubricat-
surfaces that reduces friction or wear between them.
ing Oils
3.1.5.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricant is an
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
oil which may or may not contain additives such as foam
inhibitors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on 3.1.6 maximum pore diameter, n—in gas diffusion, the
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
diameter of a capillary of circular cross-section which is
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
equivalent (with respect to surface tension effects) to the
Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
largest pore of the diffuser under consideration. The pore
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6082–06. DOI:
10.1520/D6082-11.
dimension is expressed in micrometers (µm).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D6082–11
FIG. 1 Terminology Diagram
3.1.7 permeability, n—in gas diffusion, the rate of a sub- 3.2.6 kinetic foam, n—entrainedairthathasbeencreatedby
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6082–06 Designation:D6082–11
Standard Test Method for
High Temperature Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating
1
Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6082; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method describes the procedure for determining the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils (specifically
transmission fluid and motor oil) at 150°C.
1.2 Foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at temperatures up to 93.5°C are determined by Test Method D892 or IP 146.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Permeability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
IP 146 Standard Method of Test for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a liquid (Test Method D892).
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Althoughdiffuserscanbemadeofeithermetallicornon-metallicmaterials,inthistestmethodthediffuser
is sintered stainless steel.
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the liquid is the
major component on a volumetric basis.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The air (or gas) is in the form of discrete bubbles of about 10 to 1000 µm in diameter.The bubbles are not
uniformly dispersed. In time, they rise to the surface to coalesce to form larger bubbles which break or form foam. Subsurface
coalescence can also occur, in which case, the bubbles will rise more rapidly.
3.1.3 foam, n—in liquids, a collection of bubbles formed in or on the surface of a liquid in which the air or gas is the major
component on a volumetric basis.
3.1.4 gas, n—a fluid (such as air) that has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely.
3.1.5 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two surfaces that reduces friction or wear between them.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.06 on
Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approvedAug.July 1, 2006.2011. Published September 2006.August 2011. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20012006 as
D6082–01.D6082–06. DOI: 10.1520/D6082-06.10.1520/D6082-11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6082–11
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Inthistestmethod,thelubricantisanoilwhichmayormaynotcontainadditivessuchasfoaminhibitors.
3.1.6 maximum pore diameter, n—in gas diffusion,thediameterofacapill
...
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