ASTM G131-96(2008)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic Techniques
Standard Practice for Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic Techniques
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is suitable for the removal of contaminants found on materials, parts, and components used in systems requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen. Parts shall have been precleaned to remove visible contaminants prior to using this procedure. Softgoods such as seals and valve seats may be cleaned without precleaning.
This procedure may also be used as the cleanliness verification technique for coupons used during cleaning effectiveness tests as in Test Method G 122.
The cleaning efficiency has been shown to vary with the frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit. Low frequencies in the 20 to 25 kilohertz range have been found to damage soft metals such as aluminum and silver. Therefore, the specifications of the unit and the frequencies available must be considered in order to optimize the cleaning conditions without damaging the parts.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the cleaning of materials and components used in systems requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen, by ultrasonic techniques.
1.2 This practice may be used for cleaning small parts, components, softgoods, etc.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 1.
General Information
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Designation: G131 − 96(Reapproved2008)
Standard Practice for
Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic
Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G131; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope pons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
G122Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the cleaning of
Cleaning Agents
materials and components used in systems requiring a high
level of cleanliness, such as oxygen, by ultrasonic techniques.
3. Terminology
1.2 This practice may be used for cleaning small parts,
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
components, softgoods, etc.
3.1.1 contaminant (contamination), n—unwantedmolecular
1.3 The values stated in SI units are standard.
and particulate matter that could affect or degrade the perfor-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mance of the components upon which they reside.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 contaminate, v—a process of applying a contaminant.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 control coupon (witness coupon), n—a coupon made
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
from the same material and prepared in exactly the same way
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
as the test coupons, which is used to verify the validity of the
tionary statements are given in Note 1.
method or part thereof.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Inthispractice,thecontrolcouponwill
be contaminated in the same manner as the test coupons and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
will be subjected to the identical cleaning procedure.
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
E1235Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Non-
3.1.4 degas, v—theprocessofremovinggasesfromaliquid.
volatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled
3.1.5 nonvolatile residue (NVR), n—residual molecular and
Areas for Spacecraft
particulate matter remaining following the filtration and con-
F311Practice for ProcessingAerospace Liquid Samples for
trolled evaporation of a solvent containing contaminants.
Particulate ContaminationAnalysis Using Membrane Fil-
3.1.6 particle (particulate contaminant), n—a piece of mat-
ters
terinasolidstatewithobservablelength,width,andthickness.
F324Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Volatile
3.1.6.1 Discussion—The size of a particle is usually defined
Cleaning Solvents Using the Solvent Purity Meter (With-
by its greatest dimension and is specified in micrometres.
drawn 1987)
F331Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Solvent Ex-
4. Summary of Practice
tract fromAerospace Components (Using Flash Evapora-
tor)
4.1 A part, material or component is placed in a container
G121Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Cou-
containing the cleaning agent. This container is then placed in
an ultrasonic cleaner and treated for a given period of time at
the recommended temperature for the cleaning agent. This
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compat-
results in a solution if the contaminant is soluble in the test
ibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the
direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices. fluid or a emulsion if the contaminant is not soluble in the test
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
fluid. The cleaning solution combined with the rinse solutions
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as G131–96(2002).
may then be analyzed for particulate, NVR, or total carbon
DOI: 10.1520/G0131-96R08.
2 (TC).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1.1 In the case of aqueous based agents, the parts are
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
rinsed after the removal from the cleaning bath and ultrasoni-
the ASTM website.
cally cleaned in reagent water to provide a solution for TC
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. analysis using G TC.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
G131 − 96(2008)
4.1.2 Inthecaseofsolventbasedagents,thepartsarerinsed such specifications are available. Other grades may be used,
with fresh solvent, which is collected and combined with the provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
solvent used in the cleaning process, and the NVR determined high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
using Test Method E1235, Test Method F324, or Test Method the determination. Detergents used shall be identified by
F331, as appropriate. manufacturer and name (registered trademark, if any).
4.1.3 Particulate analyses may be performed by filtering the
7.3 Purity of Water—The water used shall meet the require-
final cleaning solution. The particles captured by the filter are
ments of Specification D1193, Type II.
then counted using Practice F311.
8. Procedure
5. Significance and Use
8.1 Sample Preparation:
5.1 Thispracticeissuitablefortheremovalofcontaminants 8.1.1 Ifcleanlinessverificationistobeperformedoncontrol
found on materials, parts, and components used in systems
or test coupons, prepare the coupons in accordance with
requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen. Parts Practice G121.
shall have been precleaned to remove visible contaminants
8.1.2 If cleanliness verification is to be performed on small
priortousingthisprocedure.Softgoodssuchassealsandvalve parts, measure the total surface area (S) in square centimetres
seats may be cleaned without precleaning.
orthemassingrams,orboth,asapplicable,tothenearesttenth
of a milligram (M1). Record the surface area (S) and mass
5.2 This procedure may also be used as the cleanliness
(M1).
verification technique for coupons used during cleaning effec-
tiveness tests as in Test Method G122. 8.2 Preliminary Procedure:
8.2.1 If a cleaning agent is being used that requires dilution
5.3 Thecleaningefficiencyhasbeenshowntovarywiththe
or special preparation, carefully follow the manufacturer’s
frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit. Low
instructions.UseTypeIIwatertopreparetheaqueouscleaning
frequencies in the 20 to 25 kilohertz range have been found to
agent solutions or as the actual cleaning agent.
damagesoftmetalssuchasaluminumandsilver.Therefore,the
specifications of the unit and the frequencies available must be
NOTE 3—It has been found that many common hydrocarbon based
lubricantsareeffectivelyremovedtoacceptablelevelsusingTypeIIwater
consideredinordertooptimizethecleaningconditionswithout
at 50 to 55 °C. More difficult to remove contaminants, such as fluorinated
damaging the parts.
or silicone based lubricants, have typically been found to require the use
of surface active agents. Use Test Method G122 to evaluate the cleaning
6. Apparatus
effectiveness of the proposed cleaning agent.
8.2.2 Fill the ultrasonic bath to the level specified by the
6.1 Ultrasonic Cleaner, with an operating frequency range
between25and90kHz,atypicalpowerrangebetween10and manufacturer with water. Place the support bracket in the
ultrasonic bath, heat the ultrasonic bath to the desired
25 W/L, and a temperature controlled bath capable of main-
taining a temperature between ambient and 70°C with an temperature, and degas the water for 10 min.
8.2.3 Clean the stainless steel sample parts pan to be used.
accuracy of 2°C.
Conduct the sampling procedure using the selected cleaning
6.2 Parts Pans, stainless steel container with volumes
agent without parts to verify the cleanliness of the parts pan.
between 1 and 4 L.
Use the same sampling and analysis procedures that will be
6.3 Bracket, stainless steel device capable of supporting the
used on the actual parts. Determine the contamination level of
parts pans in the ultrasonic bath.
the parts pan, the blank value (B), which shall be less than the
allowable contamination level for the items being cleaned or
NOTE 1—The bracket should be designed to hang in the ultrasonic bath
extracted. If the contamination level of the parts pan is greater
without contact with the bottom.
than that specified for the parts, reclean the parts pan until the
contamination level is less than the allowable contamination
7. Reagents
specified for the parts.
7.1 Solvents such as the following may be used: tetrachlo-
8.3 Cleaning Procedure:
roethylene (perchloroethylene), trichloroethylene, methylene
8.3.1 Place the material or part(s) being cleaned in the
chloride, and perfluorinated carbon fluids.
stainless steel parts pan.
NOTE 2—Warning: Solvents such as tetrachloroethylene
8.3.2 Pourameasuredamountofthecleaningagentintothe
(perchloroethylene), trichloroethylene, and methylene chloride have rela-
stainless steel cleaning pan sufficient to cover the parts. Cover
tivelowthresholdlimitvaluesandtheusershouldrefertoappropriatesafe
the parts pan with aluminum foil or a stainless steel lid, place
handling procedures, particularly in open tanks. Many solvents are not
considered to be compatible with oxygen and must be completely the parts pan in the bracket in the ultrasonic bath, adjust the
removed from cleaned components prior to the use of these components
in oxygen systems. The preferred method of removal shall be determined
by the user.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
7.2 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
and National Formulary,U.S.PharmaceuticalConvention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,
Analytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society where MD.
G131 − 96(2008)
water level in the bath such that it is above the cleaning agent 8.5 Sampling procedure for aqueous cleaned materials and
level in the parts pan, and allow the cleaning agent and bath parts.
temperature to equilibrate to the desired cleaning temperature. 8.5.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and
Alternatively, preheat the parts pan and cleaning agent prior to remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix theType II water.
the placement of the materials or parts into the parts pan.Then 8.5.2 After swirling, quickly decant the Type II water from
cover the parts pan with foil and place into the bracket in the the parts pan.
bath and allow the cleaning agent to equilibrate to the 8.5.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of Type II
temperature of the bath. water in three roughly equal portions and combine with the
Type II water from 8.5.2.
8.3.2.1 Cleaning agent to parts surface area ratio shall not
2 2
8.5.4 Use the combined volumes of water from 8.5.3 to
exceed 1000 mL/0.1 m ; the preferred ratio is 500 mL/0.1 m .
determine the TC of the sample using G TC.
8.3.3 Clean the parts in the ultrasonic bath for 10 min. If an
aqueousdetergentorsurfactantsolutionwasusedforcleaning,
9. Report
thoroughly rinse the parts withType II water and then perform
9.1 Report the following information:
the ultrasonic procedure with fresh Type II water. Perform the
9.1.1 Identification of the part or material being cleaned
sampling procedure as soon as possible within a maximum
(including tradename, part number, serial number, proper
time limit of 120 min after turning off the ultrasonic cleaner.
chemical name,ASTM designation, lot number, batch number,
8.4 Sampling Procedure for Solvent Cleaned Parts:
and manufacturer),
8.4.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and
9.1.2 Cleaning reagent,
remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix the solvent.
9.1.3 Cleaning time,
8.4.2 After swirling, quickly decant the solvent from the
9.1.4 Cleaning temperature,
parts pan.
9.1.5 Frequency of the ultrasonic bath, kHz,
8.4.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of fresh 9.1.6 Power density of the ultrasonic cleaner, W/L,
9.1.7 Volume of cleaning reagent used,
solvent in three roughly equal portions and combine with the
solvent decanted from 8.4.2. Determine the particulate con- 9.1.8 Mass (M1) of parts cleaned, g, and
9.1.9 Surface area, cm , and
tamination analysis using Practice F311. Use the filtrate from
the particulate analysis as the sample for NVR analysis. 9.1.10 Mass (M2) of thr NVR, g.
8.4.4 Determineandrecordthemass(M )ofthenonvolatile
10. Keywords
residue in milligrams to the nearest tenth of a milligram using
Test Method E1235, Test Methods F324,or F331. Ensure that 10.1 cleaning; contamination; contaminant; nonvolatile
the reported NVR is adjusted to subtract the NVR of an residue; NVR; oxygen systems; TC; total carbon; ultrasonic
equivalent volume of “blank” solvent. cleaning
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. SELECTION OF ULTRASONIC BATHS
X1.1 Introduction—This appendix describes technical in- X1.2.1.3 Internal Features—heaters, agitators, linings, sub-
formation useful in the selection of ultrasonic baths for mersible pumps, etc.
aqueous extraction and cleaning applications. The following
X1.2.1.4 Cleaning Zone—parts placement and racking.
information was graciously provided by Blackstone Ultrason-
X1.2.2 The Parts Being Cleaned:
ics and is reprinted here with their permission.
X1.2.2.1 Size—physical dimensions.
X1.2.2.2 Weight—weight/density.
X1.2 Designing an immersible ultrasonic transducer system
X1.2.2.3 Number Per Load or Per Unit of Time—parts per
requiresthatseveralfactorsbetakenintoaccount.Eachcaseis
rack or basket, parts per hour.
individual.The following list will give the reader some idea of
X1.2.2.4 Complexity—holes, blind holes, internal surfaces,
the parameters that should be defined. Later, each will be
hems, etc.
considered as to its effect on the design of the system.
X1.2.2.5 Ratio of Part Surface Area to Part Size—Solid
X1.2.1 The Tank:
cube versus typical heat exchanger.
X1.2.1.1 Volume—cubic measure or gallons.
X1.2.1.2 Shape—length, width and depth. X1.2.3 The Contaminant Being Removed:
X1.2.3.1 Removal Diffıculty—Light oil versus buffing com-
pound.
X1.2.3.2 Thickness of Buildup—Holes plugged solid versus
Blacksto
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G131–96 (Reapproved 2002) Designation:G131–96 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Practice for
Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic
Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 131; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the cleaning of materials and components used in systems requiring a high level of
cleanliness, such as oxygen, by ultrasonic techniques.
1.2 This practice may be used for cleaning small parts, components, softgoods, etc.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 1.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E 1235 Practices Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled
Areas for Spacecraft
F311 Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples for Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters
F 324 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Volatile Cleaning Solvents Using the Solvent Purity Meter
F 331 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Halogenated Solvent Extract fromAerospace Components (Using Rotary Flash
Evaporator)
G 121 Practice for the Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
G 122 Test Method to Evaluatefor Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 contaminant (contamination), n—unwanted molecular and particulate matter that could affect or degrade the performance
of the components upon which they reside.
3.1.2 contaminate, v—a process of applying a contaminant.
3.1.3 control coupon (witness coupon), n— a coupon made from the same material and prepared in exactly the same way as
the test coupons, which is used to verify the validity of the method or part thereof.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—In this practice, the control coupon will be contaminated in the same manner as the test coupons and will
be subjected to the identical cleaning procedure.
3.1.4 degas, v—the process of removing gases from a liquid.
3.1.5 nonvolatile residue (NVR), n—residual molecular and particulate matter remaining following the filtration and controlled
evaporation of a solvent containing contaminants.
3.1.6 particle (particulate contaminant), n— a piece of matter in a solid state with observable length, width, and thickness.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—The size of a particle is usually defined by its greatest dimension and is specified in micrometres.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 A part, material or component is placed in a container containing the cleaning agent. This container is then placed in an
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G4 G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices .
Current edition approved March 10, 1996. Published August 1996. Originally published as G131–95. Last previous edition G131–95.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as G 131 – 95(2002).
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 11.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
G131–96 (2008)
ultrasonic cleaner and treated for a given period of time at the recommended temperature for the cleaning agent. This results in
a solution if the contaminant is soluble in the test fluid or a emulsion if the contaminant is not soluble in the test fluid.The cleaning
solution combined with the rinse solutions may then be analyzed for particulate, NVR, or total carbon (TC).
4.1.1 Inthecaseofaqueousbasedagents,thepartsarerinsedaftertheremovalfromthecleaningbathandultrasonicallycleaned
in reagent water to provide a solution for TC analysis using G TC.
4.1.2 In the case of solvent based agents, the parts are rinsed with fresh solvent, which is collected and combined with the
solvent used in the cleaning process, and the NVR determined using PracticeTest Method E 1235, Test Method F 324, or Test
Method F 331, as appropriate.
4.1.3 Particulate analyses may be performed by filtering the final cleaning solution. The particles captured by the filter are then
counted using Test MethodPractice F 311.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is suitable for the removal of contaminants found on materials, parts, and components used in systems
requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen. Parts shall have been precleaned to remove visible contaminants prior to
using this procedure. Softgoods such as seals and valve seats may be cleaned without precleaning.
5.2 This procedure may also be used as the cleanliness verification technique for coupons used during cleaning effectiveness
tests as in Test Method G 122.
5.3 Thecleaningefficiencyhasbeenshowntovarywiththefrequencyandpowerdensityoftheultrasonicunit.Lowfrequencies
in the 20 to 25 kilohertz range have been found to damage soft metals such as aluminum and silver. Therefore, the specifications
of the unit and the frequencies available must be considered in order to optimize the cleaning conditions without damaging the
parts.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Ultrasonic Cleaner, with an operating frequency range between 25 and 90 kHz, a typical power range between 10 and 25
W/L, and a temperature controlled bath capable of maintaining a temperature between ambient and 70 °C with an accuracy of 2
°C.
6.2 Parts Pans, stainless steel container with volumes between 1 and 4 L.
6.3 Bracket, stainless steel device capable of supporting the parts pans in the ultrasonic bath.
NOTE 1—The bracket should be designed to hang in the ultrasonic bath without contact with the bottom.
7. Reagents
7.1 Solventssuchasthefollowingmaybeused:tetrachloroethylene(perchloroethylene),trichloroethylene,methylenechloride,
and perfluorinated carbon fluids.
NOTE 2—Warning: Solvents such as tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene), trichloroethylene, and methylene chloride have relative low threshold
limit values and the user should refer to appropriate safe handling procedures, particularly in open tanks. Many solvents are not considered to be
compatible with oxygen and must be completely removed from cleaned components prior to the use of these components in oxygen systems. The
preferred method of removal shall be determined by the user.
7.2 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
topermititsusewithoutlesseningtheaccuracyofthedetermination.Detergentsusedshallbeidentifiedbymanufacturerandname
(registered trademark, if any).
7.3 Purity of Water—The water used shall meet the requirements of Specification D 1193, Type II.
8. Procedure
8.1 Sample Preparation:
8.1.1 If cleanliness verification is to be performed on control or test coupons, prepare the coupons in accordance with Practice
G 121.
8.1.2 If cleanliness verification is to be performed on small parts, measure the total surface area (S) in square centimetres or the
mass in grams, or both, as applicable, to the nearest tenth of a milligram (M1). Record the surface area (S) and mass (M1).
8.2 Preliminary Procedure:
8.2.1 If a cleaning agent is being used that requires dilution or special preparation, carefully follow the manufacturer’s
instructions. Use Type II water to prepare the aqueous cleaning agent solutions or as the actual cleaning agent.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.05.Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For
suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and
the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
G131–96 (2008)
NOTE 3—It has been found that many common hydrocarbon based lubricants are effectively removed to acceptable levels using Type II water at 50
to 55 °C. More difficult to remove contaminants, such as fluorinated or silicone based lubricants, have typically been found to require the use of surface
active agents. Use PracticeTest Method G 122 to evaluate the cleaning effectiveness of the proposed cleaning agent.
8.2.2 Fill the ultrasonic bath to the level specified by the manufacturer with water. Place the support bracket in the ultrasonic
bath, heat the ultrasonic bath to the desired temperature, and degas the water for 10 min.
8.2.3 Clean the stainless steel sample parts pan to be used. Conduct the sampling procedure using the selected cleaning agent
without parts to verify the cleanliness of the parts pan. Use the same sampling and analysis procedures that will be used on the
actual parts. Determine the contamination level of the parts pan, the blank value (B), which shall be less than the allowable
contaminationlevelfortheitemsbeingcleanedorextracted.Ifthecontaminationlevelofthepartspanisgreaterthanthatspecified
for the parts, reclean the parts pan until the contamination level is less than the allowable contamination specified for the parts.
8.3 Cleaning Procedure:
8.3.1 Place the material or part(s) being cleaned in the stainless steel parts pan.
8.3.2 Pour a measured amount of the cleaning agent into the stainless steel cleaning pan sufficient to cover the parts. Cover the
parts pan with aluminum foil or a stainless steel lid, place the parts pan in the bracket in the ultrasonic bath, adjust the water level
in the bath such that it is above the cleaning agent level in the parts pan, and allow the cleaning agent and bath temperature to
equilibrate to the desired cleaning temperature. Alternatively, preheat the parts pan and cleaning agent prior to the placement of
the materials or parts into the parts pan. Then cover the parts pan with foil and place into the bracket in the bath and allow the
cleaning agent to equilibrate to the temperature of the bath.
2 2
8.3.2.1 Cleaning agent to parts surface area ratio shall not exceed 1000 mL/0.1 m ; the preferred ratio is 500 mL/0.1 m .
8.3.3 Clean the parts in the ultrasonic bath for 10 min. If an aqueous detergent or surfactant solution was used for cleaning,
thoroughly rinse the parts with Type II water and then perform the ultrasonic procedure with fresh Type II water. Perform the
sampling procedure as soon as possible within a maximum time limit of 120 min after turning off the ultrasonic cleaner.
8.4 Sampling Procedure for Solvent Cleaned Parts:
8.4.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix the solvent.
8.4.2 After swirling, quickly decant the solvent from the parts pan.
8.4.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of fresh solvent in three roughly equal portions and combine with the solvent
decanted from 8.4.2. Determine the particulate contamination analysis using Practice F 311. Use the filtrate from the particulate
analysis as the sample for NVR analysis.
8.4.4 Determine and record the mass (M ) of the nonvolatile residue in milligrams to the nearest tenth of a milligram using
PracticeTest Method E 1235, Test Methods F 324, or F 331. Ensure that the reported NVR is adjusted to subtract the NVR of an
equivalent volume of “blank” solvent.
8.5 Sampling procedure for aqueous cleaned materials and parts.
8.5.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix the Type II water.
8.5.2 After swirling, quickly decant the Type II water from the parts pan.
8.5.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of Type II water in three roughly equal portions and combine with the Type
II water from 8.5.2.
8.5.4 Use the combined volumes of water from 8.5.3 to determine the TC of the sample using G TC.
9. Report
9.1 Report the following information :
9.1.1 Identification of the part or material being cleaned (including tradename, part number, serial number, proper chemical
name, ASTM designation, lot number, batch number, and manufacturer),
9.1.2 Cleaning reagent,
9.1.3 Cleaning time,
9.1.4 Cleaning temperature,
9.1.5 Frequency of the ultrasonic bath, kHz,
9.1.6 Power density of the ultrasonic cleaner, W/L,
9.1.7 Volume of cleaning reagent used,
9.1.8 Mass (M1) of parts cleaned, g, and
9.1.9 Surface area, cm , and
9.1.10 Mass (M2) of thr NVR, g.
10. Keywords
10.1 cleaning; contamination; contaminant; nonvolatile residue; NVR; oxygen systems; TC; total carbon; ultrasonic cleaning
APPENDIX
G131–96 (2008)
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. SELECTION OF ULTRASONIC BATHS
X1.1 Introduction Introduction——ThisThisappendixdescribestechnicalinformationusefulintheselectionofultrasonicbaths
for aqueous extraction and cleaning applications. The following information was graciously provided by Blackstone
Ultrasonics and is reprinted here with their permission.
X1.2 Designing an immersible ultrasonic transducer system requires that several factors be taken into account. Each case is
individual.Thefollowinglistwillgivethereadersomeideaoftheparametersthatshouldbedefined.Later,eachwillbeconsidered
as to its effect on the design of the system.
X1.2.1 The Tank:
X1.2.1.1 Volume—cubic measure or gallo
...
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