ASTM C1646/C1646M-08

Standard Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Frost Resistance of Coarse Aggregate in Air-Entrained Concrete by Rapid Freezing and Thawing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides standard requirements for evaluating frost-susceptible coarse aggregate in air-entrained concrete subjected to freezing and thawing in accordance with Test Method C 666/C 666M.
Concrete containing frost-resistant paste may not be resistant to freezing and thawing if it contains coarse aggregate that becomes critically saturated. An aggregate particle is considered to be critically saturated when there is insufficient unfilled pore space to accommodate the expansion of water that accompanies the freezing.
The potential of the coarse aggregate to cause damage due to cycles of freezing and thawing is evaluated by Test Method C 666/C 666M.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing test specimens for evaluating frost resistance of normal-weight coarse aggregates in air-entrained concrete in accordance with Test Method C 666/C 666M, Procedure A or B.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged use. )

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2008
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.67 - Resistance to the Environment

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1646/C1646M-07 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Frost Resistance of Coarse Aggregate in Air-Entrained Concrete by Rapid Freezing and Thawing
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM C1646/C1646M-08a - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Freezing and Thawing in Air-Entrained Concrete
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1646/C1646M–08
Standard Practice for
Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Frost
Resistance of Coarse Aggregate in Air-Entrained Concrete
1
by Rapid Freezing and Thawing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1646/C 1646M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C 173/C 173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly
Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing
C 192/C 192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete
test specimens for evaluating frost resistance of normal-weight
Test Specimens in the Laboratory
coarse aggregates in air-entrained concrete in accordance with
C 231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
Test Method C 666/C 666M, Procedure A or B.
Concrete by the Pressure Method
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Concrete
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
C 494/C 494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
Concrete
with the standard.
C 666/C 666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety
Rapid Freezing and Thawing
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
4
2.2 ACI Standard:
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
211.1 Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal,
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementi-
Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete
tious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to
2
skin and tissue upon prolonged use. )
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions:
3
3.1.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthisspecification,refer
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to Terminology C 125.
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C 39/C 39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-
4. Significance and Use
lindrical Concrete Specimens
4.1 This practice provides standard requirements for evalu-
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
ating frost-susceptible coarse aggregate in air-entrained con-
Aggregates
cretesubjectedtofreezingandthawinginaccordancewithTest
C 143/C 143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-
Method C 666/C 666M.
Cement Concrete
4.2 Concrete containing frost-resistant paste may not be
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
resistant to freezing and thawing if it contains coarse aggregate
that becomes critically saturated. An aggregate particle is
1
considered to be critically saturated when there is insufficient
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
andConcreteAggregatesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC09.67on
unfilledporespacetoaccommodatetheexpansionofwaterthat
Resistance to the Environment.
accompanies the freezing.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally
4.3 The potential of the coarse aggregate to cause damage
approvedin2007.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2007asC 1646/C 1646M – 07.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, due to cycles of freezing and thawing is evaluated by Test
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.02.
Method C 666/C 666M.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.aci-int.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C1646/C1646M–08
3
5. Apparatus 7.3.1 The cement content shall be 307 6 3 kg/m [517 6 5
3
lb/yd ]
5.1 Equipment for mixing concrete and procedures for
7.3.2 The air content used in the computation of mixture
making and curing test specimens shall be in accordance with
proportions shall be in accordance withTable 2.The amount of
Practice C 192/C 192M.
air-entraining admixture used shall be such as to give an air
6. Coarse Aggregate Prepa
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1646/C1646M–07 Designation:C1646/C1646M–08
Standard Practice for
Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Frost
Resistance of Coarse Aggregate in Air-Entrained Concrete
1
by Rapid Freezing and Thawing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1646/C 1646M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing test specimens for evaluating frost resistance of normal-weight
coarse aggregates in air-entrained concrete in accordance with Test Method C 666/C 666M, Procedure A or B.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound SI units or SIinch-pound units shall are to be regarded separately as standard. The
SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged use. )
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C 39/C 39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C 143/C 143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
C 173/C 173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C 192/C 192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C 231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C 490 Practice for Use ofApparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and Concrete
C 494/C 494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C 666/C 666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
4
2.2 ACI Standard:
211.1 Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology C 125.
4. Significance and Use
3.1This4.1 This practice provides standard requirements for evaluating frost-susceptible coarse aggregate in air-entrained
concrete subjected to freezing and thawing in accordance with Test Method C 666/C 666M.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.67 on
Resistance to the Environment.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2007. Published February 2007.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 1646/C 1646M – 07.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.02.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.aci-int.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1646/C1646M–08
34.2 Concrete containing frost-resistant paste may not be resistant to freezing and thawing if it contains coarse aggregate that
becomes critically saturated. An aggregate particle is considered to be critically saturated when there is insufficient unfilled pore
space to accommodate the expansion of water that accompanies the freezing.
3.3The4.3 The potential of the coarse aggregate to cause damage due to cycles of freezing
...