ASTM E701-80(2010)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The establishment of these test methods for municipal ferrous scrap as a raw material for certain industries (see Specification E702) will aid commerce in such scrap by providing the chemical and physical tests for the characterization of the scrap needed as a basis for communication between the purchaser and supplier.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal wastes.
1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physical tests, as follows:
Section Sampling 5 Bulk Density 6 Total Combustibles 7 Chemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the
Detinning Industry) 8 Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry) 9 Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry)10 Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper
Industry and the Detinning Industry11
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: E701 − 80 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Methods for
Municipal Ferrous Scrap
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope and Voids in Aggregate
C702PracticeforReducingSamplesofAggregatetoTesting
1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the
Size
usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal
D2234/D2234MPractice for Collection of a Gross Sample
wastes.
of Coal
1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physi-
E30TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofSteel,CastIron,
cal tests, as follows: 3
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
Section
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
Sampling 5
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
Bulk Density 6
Lot or Process
Total Combustibles 7
Chemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the 8
E350Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,
Detinning Industry)
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry) 9
Wrought Iron
Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry) 10
Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper 11
E351TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofCastIron—All
Industry and the Detinning Industry
Types
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E415Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
E702Specification for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
and are not considered standard.
3. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.1 The establishment of these test methods for municipal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ferrous scrap as a raw material for certain industries (see
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Specification E702) will aid commerce in such scrap by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
providing the chemical and physical tests for the characteriza-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- tion of the scrap needed as a basis for communication between
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the purchaser and supplier.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Hazards
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 Due to the origins of municipal ferrous scrap in waste
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
destined for disposal, common sense dictates that some pre-
cautions should be observed when conducting tests on the
2. Referenced Documents
samples. Recommended hygienic practices include using
gloves when handling municipal ferrous scrap and washing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
hands before eating or smoking.
C29/C29MTest Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
5. Sampling
5.1 Gross Sample of Loose Ferrous Scrap:
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on
Waste Management and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on
5.1.1 Takeaminimumofonegrosssamplehavingavolume
Treatment, Recovery and Reuse. 3 3
of7ft (0.2 m ) (approximately equal to a 55-gal drum).
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published January 2010. Originally
Guidance for determining the number of gross samples needed
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E701 – 80 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/E0701-80R10. to characterize a given lot of material and methods for
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E701 − 80 (2010)
accumulatingagrosssamplecanbefoundinPracticeE122and described. Level the surface of the material manually to
Test Method D2234/D2234M, respectively. In all cases, the minimize surface irregularities.
actualsamplingprocedurestobeusedandthenumberofgross 6.1.2.5 Using the measuring rod described in 6.1.1.3, mea-
samples required to obtain a representative sample of the lot surethedistancefromthetopofthecontainertothesurfaceof
shall be established in accordance with an agreement between the material to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm) in each of the four
the purchaser and supplier. corners of the container. Subtract the average of the four
5.1.2 Air-dry the gross sample at ambient temperature for a measurements from the inside height of the container to
period of 24 h by spreading the sample on a clean, dry surface determine the height of the material.
to one-layer thickness. Protect the sample from contamination 6.1.2.6 Weigh the filled container to the nearest 0.1 lb (0.05
by falling dust and debris. Reduce the gross sample to four kg).
samples by the method of coning and quartering, as described 6.1.3 Calculation—Calculate the bulk density as follows:
in Method B of Practice C702.
a 2 b
3 3
Bulkdensity, lb/ft ~kg/m ! 5 3f (1)
5.2 Gross Sample of Baled Ferrous Scrap—Take a mini- c 3d 3e
mum of two bales. Guidance for determining the number of
where:
bales needed to characterize a given lot of material and
a = weight of container plus material, lb (or kg),
methods for selecting the bales can be found in Practice E122.
In all cases, the actual sampling procedures to be used and the
b = weight of container, lb (or kg),
number of gross samples required to obtain a representative
c = inside length of container base, in. (or m),
sample of the lot shall be established in accordance with an
d = inside depth of container base, in. (or m),
agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
e = height of material in container, in. (or m), and
f = 1 for container dimensions measured in metres, or 1728
6. Bulk Density
for container dimensions measured in inches.
6.1 Loose Ferrous Scrap:
6.1.4 Report—Report each bulk density determination and
6.1.1 Apparatus:
the average of the four determinations.
6.1.1.1 Container, constructed of suitable materials, for
6.2 Baled Ferrous Scrap:
example, plywood, having the following approximate internal
6.2.1 Procedure:
dimensions: base of 1 by 1 ft (300 by 300 mm) and a height of
6.2.1.1 Determine the weight of each bale from 5.2 to the
at least 2 ft (600 mm). Measure the internal dimensions of the
nearest 0.1 lb (0.05 kg) using a scale described in 6.1.1.2.
box to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm). Suitable handles may be
6.2.1.2 Measure individually the length, width, and height
attached to the exterior of the container to aid in subsequent
of the bale to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm).
handling. Alternatively, containers of other geometries, agree-
6.2.2 Calculations—Calculate the bulk density as follows:
able to the purchaser and supplier, may be employed provided
2 2
the area of the base is at least 1 ft (0.09 m ).
g
3 3
Bulkdensity, lb/ft kg/m 5 3k (2)
~ !
h 3i 3j
NOTE 1—The operator should be aware that this test method is not
intended for those occasional pieces whose size is of the order of the
where:
dimensions of the box.As a guide, the maximum length of a single piece
g = weight of bale, lb (or kg),
should not exceed three fourths of the maximum dimension of the base.
h = length of bale, in. (or m),
6.1.1.2 Balance or Scale, accurate within 0.1% of the test
i = width of bale, in. (or m),
load within the range of use. The range of use shall be
j = height of bale, in. (or m), and
consideredtoextendfromtheweightofthecontaineremptyto
k = 1 for bale dimensions measured in metres, or 1728 for
the weight of the container plus its contents at 100 lb/ft (1600
bale dimensions measured in inches.
kg/m ).
6.2.3 Report—Report each bulk density determination and
6.1.1.3 Measuring Rod, calibrated in 0.1-in. (3-mm) inter-
2 2 the average of all of the determinations.
vals having a blunt end with an area of 4 in. (26 cm ).
6.1.2 Procedure:
7. Total Combustibles
6.1.2.1 Use each of the four samples from 5.1.2 to deter-
mine the bulk density. 7.1 Procedure:
6.1.2.2 Before each determination, weigh the empty con- 7.1.1 Usetwoofthefourbulkdensityvolumesfrom6.1.2.1
tainer to the nearest 0.1 lb (0
...
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