ASTM E701-80(2005)

Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The establishment of these test methods for municipal ferrous scrap as a raw material for certain industries (see Specification E 702) will aid commerce in such scrap by providing the chemical and physical tests for the characterization of the scrap needed as a basis for communication between the purchaser and supplier.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal wastes.
1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physical tests, as follows: SectionSamplingBulk DensityTotal CombustiblesChemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the Detinning Industry) Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry)Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry)Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper Industry and the Detinning Industry
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2005
• ICS: 13.030.10 - Solid wastes
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E701-80(1999) - Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM E701-80(2010) - Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E702-21 - Standard Specification for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D5833-12(2020) - Standard Guide for Source Reduction Reuse, Recycling, or Disposal of Steel Cans
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:E701–80 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Methods for
Municipal Ferrous Scrap
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic
1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the
of a Lot or Process
usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal
E350 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Carbon Steel,
wastes.
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physi-
Wrought Iron
cal tests, as follows:
E351 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cast Iron—
Section
All Types
Sampling 5
Bulk Density 6
E415 Test Method for Atomic Emission Vacuum Spectro-
Total Combustibles 7
metric Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel
Chemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the 8
E702 Specification for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
Detinning Industry)
Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry) 9
Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry) 10
3. Significance and Use
Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper 11
3.1 The establishment of these test methods for municipal
Industry and the Detinning Industry
ferrous scrap as a raw material for certain industries (see
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Specification E702) will aid commerce in such scrap by
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
providing the chemical and physical tests for the characteriza-
information only.
tion of the scrap needed as a basis for communication between
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the purchaser and supplier.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Hazards
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Due to the origins of municipal ferrous scrap in waste
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
destined for disposal, common sense dictates that some pre-
cautions should be observed when conducting tests on the
2. Referenced Documents
samples. Recommended hygienic practices include using
2.1 ASTM Standards:
gloves when handling municipal ferrous scrap and washing
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
hands before eating or smoking.
and Voids in Aggregate
C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Test-
5. Sampling
ing Size
5.1 Gross Sample of Loose Ferrous Scrap:
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
5.1.1 Takeaminimumofonegrosssamplehavingavolume
of Coal
3 3
of7ft (0.2 m ) (approximately equal to a 55-gal drum).
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
Guidance for determining the number of gross samples needed
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
to characterize a given lot of material and methods for
accumulatingagrosssamplecanbefoundinPracticeE122and
Test Method D2234/D2234M, respectively. In all cases, the
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on
actual sampling procedures to be used and the number of gross
Waste Management and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on
samples required to obtain a representative sample of the lot
Treatment, Recovery and Reuse.
shall be established in accordance with an agreement between
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originally
the purchaser and supplier.
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E701-80(1999). DOI:
10.1520/E0701-80R05.
5.1.2 Air-dry the gross sample at ambient temperature for a
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
period of 24 h by spreading the sample on a clean, dry surface
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
to one-layer thickness. Protect the sample from contamination
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. by falling dust and debris. Reduce the gross sample to four
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E701–80 (2005)
samples by the method of coning and quartering, as described 6.1.3 Calculation— Calculate the bulk density as follows:
in Method B of Practice C702.
a 2 b
3 3
Bulk density, lb/ft ~kg/m !5 3 f (1)
5.2 Gross Sample of Baled Ferrous Scrap—Take a mini-
c 3 d 3 e
mum of two bales. Guidance for determining the number of
where:
bales needed to characterize a given lot of material and
a = weight of container plus material, lb (or kg),
methods for selecting the bales can be found in Practice E122.
b = weight of container, lb (or kg),
In all cases, the actual sampling procedures to be used and the
c = inside length of container base, in. (or m),
number of gross samples required to obtain a representative
d = inside depth of container base, in. (or m),
sample of the lot shall be established in accordance with an
e = height of material in container, in. (or m),
agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
f = 1 for container dimensions measured in metres, or 1728
for container dimensions measured in inches.
6. Bulk Density
6.1.4 Report—Report each bulk density determination and
6.1 Loose Ferrous Scrap:
the average of the four determinations.
6.1.1 Apparatus:
6.2 Baled Ferrous Scrap:
6.1.1.1 Container, constructed of suitable materials, for
6.2.1 Procedure:
example, plywood, having the following approximate internal
6.2.1.1 Determine the weight of each bale from 5.2 to the
dimensions: base of 1 by 1 ft (300 by 300 mm) and a height of
nearest 0.1 lb (0.05 kg) using a scale described in 6.1.1.2.
at least 2 ft (600 mm). Measure the internal dimensions of the
6.2.1.2 Measure individually the length, width, and height
box to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm). Suitable handles may be
of the bale to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm).
attached to the exterior of the container to aid in subsequent
6.2.2 Calculations— Calculate the bulk density as follows:
handling. Alternatively, containers of other geometries, agree-
g
3 3
able to the purchaser and supplier, may be employed provided Bulk density, lb/ft ~kg/m !5 3 k (2)
h 3 i 3 j
2 2
the area of the base is at least 1 ft (0.09 m ).
where:
NOTE 1—The operator should be aware that this test method is not
g = weight of bale, lb (or kg),
intended for those occasional pieces whose size is of the order of the
h = length of bale, in. (or m),
dimensions of the box.As a guide, the maximum length of a single piece
i = width of bale, in. (or m),
should not exceed three fourths of the maximum dimension of the base.
j = height of bale, in. (or m),
6.1.1.2 Balance or Scale, accurate within 0.1 % of the test
k = 1 for bale dimensions measured in metres, or 1728 for
load within the range of use. The range of use shall be
bale dimensions measured in inches.
considered to extend from the weight of the container empty to
6.2.3 Report—Report each bulk density determination and
the weight of the container plus its contents at 100 lb/ft (1600
the average of all of the determinations.
kg/m ).
6.1.1.3 Measuring Rod, calibrated in 0.1-in. (3-mm) inter-
7. Total Combustibles
2 2
vals having a blunt end with an area of 4 in. (26 cm ).
7.1 Procedure:
6.1.2 Procedure:
7.1.1 Use two of the four bulk density volumes from 6.1.2.1
6.1.2.1 Use each of the four samples from 5.1.2 to deter-
for the total combustibles determination. Reduce the size of
mine the bulk density.
each sample, if necessary, to approximately 20 lb (9.1 kg) by
6.1.2.2 Before each determination, weigh the empty con-
the method of coning and quartering, as described in Method B
tainer to the nearest 0.1 lb (0.05 kg).
of Practice C702. Determine the weight of each of the two
6.1.2.3 Place oversize pieces, likely to protrude above the
samples to the nearest 0.1 lb (0.05 kg) before heating.
surface of the material in the container, at the bottom of the
7.1.2 Heat each of the two samples in excess air at 750°F
container prior to filling with the remainder of the sample.
(400°C) for 60 min.An external source of air at low flow rates
6.1.2.4 Fill the container in three approximately equal
and p
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