iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D1193-06(2018)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Reagent Water

Standard Specification for Reagent Water

ABSTRACT
This specification describes the required characteristics of reagent waters. Four types of waters have been specified, with three additional grades that can be applied to the four types. The grade specifications specifically address contaminants of microbiological origin. Historically, reagent water types I, II, III, and IV have been linked to specific processes for their production. Starting with this revision, these types of waters may be produced with alternate technologies as long as the appropriate constituent specifications are met. The electrical conductivity and resistance, pH, silica, sodium, chlorides, TOC, endotoxins, and microbiological contamination shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes the required characteristics of waters deemed suitable for use with the standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM.  
1.2 The alphanumeric characters ascribed to water types and grades are specified in the manual, Form and Style for ASTM Standards. These have been assigned in order of historical precedence and should not be taken as an indication of a progression in water purity.  
1.3 Four types of waters have been specified, with three additional grades that can be applied to the four types. The grade specifications specifically address contaminants of microbiological origin.  
1.4 All applicable ASTM Standards are expected to reference one or more of these reagent water types where reagent water is needed as a component of an analytical measurement process. Where a different water type or grade is needed for an ASTM Standard, it may be added to this Specification through the ASTM Standard revision process.  
1.5 Although these water types and associated grades have been defined specifically for use with ASTM Standards, they may be appropriate for other applications. It is the responsibility of the users of this specification to ensure that the selected water types or grades are suitable for their intended use. Historically, reagent water Types I, II, III, and IV have been linked to specific processes for their production. Starting with this revision, these types of waters may be produced with alternate technologies as long as the appropriate constituent specifications are met and that water so produced has been shown to be appropriate for the application where the use of such water is specified. Therefore, the selection of an alternate technology in place of the technology specified in Table 1 should be made taking into account the potential impact of other contaminants such as microorganism and pyrogens. Such contaminants were not necessarily considered by the performance characteristics of the technology previously specified. (A) Type I grade of reagent water shall be prepared by distillation or other equal process, followed by polishing with a mixed bed of ion-exchange materials and a 0.2-µm membrane filter. Feed water to the final polishing step must have a maximum conductivity of 20 µS/cm at 298K (25°C). Type I reagent water may be produced with alternate technologies as long as the appropriate constituent specifications are met and that water so produced has been shown to be appropriate for the application where the use of such water is specified.(B) Type II grade of reagent water shall be prepared by distillation using a still designed to produce a distillate having a conductivity of less than 1.0 µS/cm at 298 K (25°C). Ion exchange, distillation, or reverse osmosis and organic adsorption may be required prior to distillation, if the purity cannot be attained by single distillation. Type II reagent water may be produced with alternate technologies as long as the appropriate constituent specifications are met and that water so produced has been shown to be appropriate for the application where the use of such water is specified.(C) Type III grade of reagent water shall be prepared by distillation, ion exchange, continuous electrodeionization, r...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Mar-2018
ICS
71.040.30 - Chemical reagents
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.02 - Quality Systems, Specification, and Statistics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D4453-17 - Standard Practice for Handling of High Purity Water Samples
Effective Date
01-Feb-2017
Refers
ASTM D5245-19 - Standard Practice for Cleaning Laboratory Glassware, Plasticware, and Equipment Used in Microbiological Analyses
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Refers
ASTM F1094-87(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Microbiological Monitoring of Water Used for Processing Electron and Microelectronic Devices by Direct Pressure Tap Sampling Valve and by the Presterilized Plastic Bag Method
Effective Date
15-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM D6161-19 - Standard Terminology Used for Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes
Effective Date
01-Jul-2019
Refers
ASTM D4453-16 - Standard Practice for Handling of High Purity Water Samples
Effective Date
15-Feb-2016

Buy Standard

ASTM D1193-06(2018) - Standard Specification for Reagent WaterASTM D1193-06(2018) - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
PreviousNext
Technical specification
ASTM D1193-06(2018) - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
English language
6 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D1193 −06 (Reapproved 2018) Federal Test Method
Standard No. 7916
Standard Specification for
1
Reagent Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1193; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope contaminants were not necessarily considered by the perfor-
mance characteristics of the technology previously specified.
1.1 This specification describes the required characteristics
of waters deemed suitable for use with the standards under the 1.6 Guidance for applications, the preparation, use and
jurisdiction of ASTM. monitoring, storage, handling, distribution, testing of these
specified waters and validation of the water purification system
1.2 Thealphanumericcharactersascribedtowatertypesand
is provided in Appendix X1 of this specification.
grades are specified in the manual, Form and Style for ASTM
Standards. These have been assigned in order of historical 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
precedence and should not be taken as an indication of a standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
progression in water purity. standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.3 Four types of waters have been specified, with three
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
additional grades that can be applied to the four types. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
grade specifications specifically address contaminants of mi-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
crobiological origin.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 All applicable ASTM Standards are expected to refer-
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
ence one or more of these reagent water types where reagent
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
water is needed as a component of an analytical measurement
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
process. Where a different water type or grade is needed for an
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ASTM Standard, it may be added to this Specification through
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the ASTM Standard revision process.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.5 Although these water types and associated grades have
been defined specifically for use with ASTM Standards, they
2. Referenced Documents
may be appropriate for other applications. It is the responsi-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bility of the users of this specification to ensure that the
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-
selected water types or grades are suitable for their intended
tivity of Water
use. Historically, reagent water Types I, II, III, and IV have
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
been linked to specific processes for their production. Starting
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
with this revision, these types of waters may be produced with
D4453 Practice for Handling of High Purity Water Samples
alternate technologies as long as the appropriate constituent
D4517 Test Method for Low-Level Total Silica in High-
specifications are met and that water so produced has been
Purity Water by Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectros-
shown to be appropriate for the application where the use of
copy
such water is specified. Therefore, the selection of an alternate
D5128 Test Method for On-Line pH Measurement of Water
technology in place of the technology specified in Table 1
of Low Conductivity
should be made taking into account the potential impact of
D5173 Guide for On-Line Monitoring of Total Organic
other contaminants such as microorganism and pyrogens. Such
Carbon in Water by Oxidation and Detection of Resulting
Carbon Dioxide
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the responsibility of Subcommittee D19.02 on Quality Systems,
2
Specification, and Statistics. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 15, 2018. Published March 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1193 – 06 (2011). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D1193-06R
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM D5542-16(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Trace Anions in High Purity Water by Ion Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The anions fluoride, chloride, and sulfate have been identified as important contributors to corrosion of high pressure boilers, electric power turbines and their associated heat exchangers. Many electric power utilities attempt to reduce these contaminants in their boiler feed water to less than 1 μg/L.  
4.2 In the semiconductor manufacturing process these ions, among others, have been identified as a cause of low product yield and, thus, must be monitored and controlled to levels similar to those required by the electric power industry.  
4.3 Low molecular weight organic acids, such as acetate and formate, have been found in many steam generator feed waters and condensates. They are believed to come from the high temperature breakdown of organic matter found in boiler make up water. It is felt that these organic acids promote corrosion by lowering the pH of boiler waters and may even be corrosive themselves.  
4.4 Such low molecular weight organics may also be produced when ultraviolet light is used to produce bacteria-free water for semiconductor processing. Such polar organic contaminants are suspected of causing reduced semiconductor yields.  
4.5 Phosphates are commonly added to drum boilers in the low mg/L level to precipitate calcium and magnesium and thereby prevent scale formation. Ion chromatography can be used to monitor the concentration of such chemicals in boiler water, as well as detect unwanted carry-over into the steam.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of trace (μg/L) levels of fluoride, acetate, formate, chloride, phosphate, and sulfate in high purity water using ion chromatography in combination with sample preconcentration. Other anions, such as bromide, nitrite, nitrate, sulfite, and iodide can be determined by this method. However, since they are rarely present in significant concentrations in high purity water, they are not included in this test method. Two test methods are presented and their ranges of application, as determined by a collaborative study, are as follows:    
Range Tested
(μg/L Added)  
Limit of DetectionA
(Single Operator)
(μg/L)  
Sections  
Test Method A:  
7–16  
Chloride  
0–24  
0.8  
Phosphate  
0–39  
B  
Sulfate  
0–55  
1.8  
Test Method B:  
17–24  
Fluoride  
0–14  
0.7  
Acetate  
0–414  
6.8  
Formate  
0–346  
5.6  
(A) Limit of detection is lowest measurable concentration not reportable as zero at 99 % level of confidence as per EPRI study as cited in Sections 16 and 24.(B) Insufficient data to calculate limit of detection.  
1.2 It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of these test methods for waters of untested matrices.  
1.3 The common practical range of Test Method A is as follows: chloride, 1 to 100 μg/L, phosphate, 3 to 100 μg/L, and sulfate, 2 to 100 μg/L.  
1.4 The common practical range of Test Method B is as follows: fluoride, 1 to 100 μg/L, acetate, 10 to 200 μg/L, and formate, 5 to 200 μg/L.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E200-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The accuracy of many analytical measurements is dependent upon the manner in which the standard solutions are prepared and stored, and the accuracy with which they are standardized. Combining the methods recommended for the preparation and handling of such solutions into one practice eliminates the necessity for covering such details in all of the methods wherein the solutions are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the preparation, standardization, and storage of the standard volumetric solutions and reagent testing solutions commonly used in chemical analysis.  
1.2 The information in this practice is arranged as follows:    
Sections  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Apparatus  
5  
Temperature effects  
6  
Measurements  
7  
Reagents  
8  
Concentration of solutions  
9  
Mixing of solutions  
10  
Storage of solutions  
11  
Preparation and standardization of solutions  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N)  
14 to 19  
Hydrochloric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N)  
20 to 28  
Sulfuric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N)  
29 to 33  
Hydrochloric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N)  
34 to 38  
Sulfuric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N)  
39 to 43  
Silver nitrate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)  
44 to 48  
Ammonium thiocyanate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)  
49 to 53  
Iodine solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)  
54 to 58  
Sodium thiosulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)  
59 to 63  
Potassium permanganate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)  
64 to 68  
Potassium dichromate solution, 0.1 meq/mL(N)  
69 to 73  
Methanolic sodium hydroxide solution, 0.5 meq/mL (N)  
74 to 79  
Ceric sulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)  
80 to 84  
Acetous perchloric acid, 0.1 meq/mL (N)  
85 to 89  
Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, 0.05 mol/L(M)  
90 to 94  
Standard ion solutions  
95  
Nonstandardized reagent solutions and indicator solutions  
96  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given throughout this practice. Consult current OSHA regulations, suppliers’ Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8176-18(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Mechanically Tapped Density of Activated Carbon (Powdered and Fine Mesh)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the density expressed in g/mL for powdered or fine mesh carbon. Due to the nature of the small particles, the density of these carbon types cannot be measured using the same procedure as granular carbon.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanically tapped density of powdered and fine mesh activated carbon. For the purpose of this test method, “powdered carbon” is defined as having a mean particle diameter less than 45 µm, and “fine mesh carbon” is defined as having a particle size predominately between 80 and 325 U.S. Standard mesh.  
1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measure are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2867-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Moisture in Activated Carbon

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The moisture content of activated carbon is often required to define and express its properties in relation to the net weight of the carbon.  
4.2 The moisture content of activated carbon packed in typical shipping containers will usually increase during transportation and storage. Users of activated carbon in applications where low moisture content is important should be aware of this effect.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide three procedures for the determination of the moisture content of activated carbon. The procedures may also be used to dry samples required for other tests. The oven drying and moisture balance methods are used when water is the only volatile material present and is in significant quantities, and the activated carbon is not heat sensitive (some activated carbons can ignite spontaneously at temperatures as low as 150 °C). The xylene extraction method is used when a carbon is known or suspected to be heat sensitive or to contain miscible organic compounds instead of or in addition to water. The interferences posed by miscible inorganic compounds has not been determined. The oven drying method described in these test methods may be used as the reference for development of instrumental techniques for moisture determination in activated carbon.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5158-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Particle Size of Fine Mesh and Powdered Activated Carbon by Air-Jet Sieving

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The particle size of fine mesh and powdered activated carbon is sometimes used to evaluate filter cake filtration rates and the filter penetration in filtering applications.  
5.2 The selection and handling of fine mesh or powdered activated carbon, and operation of processes using fine mesh or powdered activated carbon, requires the knowledge of the particle size.  
5.3 This test method is intended for single sieve testing only. For determination of particle size distribution of a sample, the test must be repeated using sieves with different openings.
Note 1: Relative humidity (RH) can affect the repeatability and accuracy of this test. Activated carbon not at equilibrium with the RH of the ambient air may lose or gain weight accordingly, dependent upon whether the carbon picks up or loses moisture.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle size of powdered activated carbons using an air-jet sieve device. For purposes of this test method, powdered activated carbon is defined as activated carbon in particle sizes predominantly in a range of 80 mesh (0.180 mm) through 500 mesh (0.025 mm).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5757-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Attrition of FCC Catalysts by Air Jets

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to provide information concerning the ability of a powdered catalyst to resist particle size reduction during use in a fluidized environment.  
5.2 This test method is suitable for specification acceptance, manufacturing control, and research and development purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative attrition characteristics of FCC catalysts by means of air jet attrition. Other fine powder catalysts can be analyzed by this test method, but the precision of this test method has been determined only for FCC catalysts. It is applicable to spherically or irregularly shaped particles which range in size between 10 and 180 μm, have skeletal densities between 2.4 and 3.0 g/cm3 (2400 and 3000 kg/m3) (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10) and are insoluble in water. Particles less than 20 μm are considered fines. (See Terminology D3766.)  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6646-03(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of the Accelerated Hydrogen Sulfide Breakthrough Capacity of Granular and Pelletized Activated Carbon

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method compares the performance of granular or pelletized activated carbons used in odor control applications, such as sewage treatment plants, pump stations, etc. The method determines the relative breakthrough performance of activated carbon for removing hydrogen sulfide from a humidified gas stream. Other organic contaminants present in field operations may affect the H2S breakthrough capacity of the carbon; these are not addressed by this test. This test does not simulate actual conditions encountered in an odor control application, and is therefore meant only to compare the hydrogen sulfide breakthrough capacities of different carbons under the conditions of the laboratory test.  
5.2 This test does not duplicate conditions that an adsorber would encounter in practical service. The mass transfer zone in the 23 cm column used in this test is proportionally much larger than that in the typical bed used in industrial applications. This difference favors a carbon that functions more rapidly for removal of H2S over a carbon with slower kinetics. Also, the 1 % H2S challenge gas concentration used here engenders a significant temperature rise in the carbon bed. This effect may also differentiate between carbons in a way that is not reflected in the conditions of practical service.  
5.3 This standard as written is applicable only to granular and pelletized activated carbons with mean particle diameters less than 2.5 mm. Application of this standard to activated carbons with mean particle diameters (MPD) greater than 2.5 mm will require a larger diameter adsorption column. The ratio of column inside diameter to MPD should be greater than 10 in order to avoid wall effects. In these cases it is suggested that bed superficial velocity and contact time be held invariant at the conditions specified in this standard (4.77 cm/s and 4.8 s). Although not covered by this standard, data obtained from these tests may be reported as in paragraph 12 along with additional ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the performance of virgin, newly impregnated or in-service, granular or pelletized activated carbon for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from an air stream, under the laboratory test conditions described herein. A humidified air stream containing 1 % (by volume) hydrogen sulfide is passed through a carbon bed until 50 ppm breakthrough of H2S is observed. The H2S adsorption capacity of the carbon per unit volume at 99.5 % removal efficiency (g H2S/cm3 carbon) is then calculated. This test is not necessarily applicable to non-carbon adsorptive materials.  
1.2 This standard as written is applicable only to granular and pelletized activated carbons with mean particle diameters (MPD) less than 2.5 mm. See paragraph 5.3 if activated carbons with larger MPDs are to be tested.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3803-91(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Nuclear-Grade Activated Carbon

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results of this test method give a conservative estimate of the performance of nuclear-grade activated carbon used in all nuclear power plant HVAC systems for the removal of radioiodine.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a very stringent procedure for establishing the capability of new and used activated carbon to remove radio-labeled methyl iodide from air and gas streams. The single test method described is for application to both new and used carbons, and should give test results comparable to those obtained from similar tests required and performed throughout the world. The conditions employed were selected to approximate operating or accident conditions of a nuclear reactor which would severely reduce the performance of activated carbons. Increasing the temperature at which this test is performed generally increases the removal efficiency of the carbon by increasing the rate of chemical and physical absorption and isotopic exchange, that is, increasing the kinetics of the radioiodine removal mechanisms. Decreasing the relative humidity of the test generally increases the efficiency of methyl iodide removal by activated carbon. The water vapor competes with the methyl iodide for adsorption sites on the carbon, and as the amount of water vapor decreases with lower specified relative humidities, the easier it is for the methyl iodide to be adsorbed. Therefore, this test method is a very stringent test of nuclear-grade activated carbon because of the low temperature and high relative humidity specified. This test method is recommended for the qualification of new carbons and the quantification of the degradation of used carbons.  
1.1.1 Guidance for testing new and used carbons using conditions different from this test method is offered in Annex A1.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4179-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Single Pellet Crush Strength of Formed Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to provide information concerning the ability of a catalyst shape to retain physical integrity during use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determining the resistance of formed catalysts and catalyst carriers to compressive force and is applicable to regular catalyst shapes such as tablets and spheres. Other formed catalysts and catalyst carriers extrudates, granular materials, and other irregular shapes are specifically excluded.  
1.2 This test method determines the average crush strength in the range from 0 to 50 lbf (0 to 220 N). Some materials may have crush strengths above 50 lbf (220N); the test method is applicable to these materials, but the precision of the test is not known.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3610-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Total Cobalt in Alumina-Base Cobalt-Molybdenum Catalyst by Potentiometric Titration Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method sets forth a procedure by which catalyst samples may be compared either on an interlaboratory or intralaboratory basis. It is anticipated that catalyst producers and users will find this test method to be of value.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of cobalt (expressed as the oxide) in fresh cobalt-molybdenum catalyst, in the range of 0.5 to 10 % cobalt oxide.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off