ASTM E671-98(2022)

Standard Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a limit for thermal residual stress in reusable annealed glass laboratory apparatus as determined by prescribed photoelastic measurement procedures. This specification recognizes that photoelastic measurements are proportional to the difference of the principal stresses. The stress limit shall be measured and calculated to meet the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a limit for thermal residual stress in reusable annealed glass laboratory apparatus as determined by prescribed photoelastic measurement procedures.  
1.2 In broad classification, the laboratory glassware items covered by this specification, but not limited to, are:    
beakers  
Imhoff cones  
bottles, aspirator  
impingers  
bottles, dropping  
jars, battery  
bottles, gas washing  
jars, bell  
bottles, infusion  
jars, chromatography  
bottles, milk test  
jars, cylindrical  
bottles, reagent  
joints, ball and socket or standard taper  
bottles, weighing  
manometers  
bulbs, absorption  
percolators  
bulbs, leveling  
pycnometers  
bulbs, sampling  
stopcocks  
burets  
tubes, centrifuge  
condensers  
tubes, chromatography  
crystallizing dishes  
tubes, color comparison (turbidity)  
culture dishes  
tubes, combustion (ignition)    
custom apparatus  
tubes, connecting and adapter  
cylinders, graduated  
tubes, digestion  
and plain  
tubes, drying  
desiccators  
tubes, fermentation  
extraction tubes  
tubes, thistle (spray traps)  
flasks  
vapor traps  
fritted ware  
viscometers  
funnels  
watch glasses  
generators, Kipp  
grinder, tissue  
1.3 This specification recognizes that photoelastic measurements are proportional to the difference of the principal stresses. The limit imposed represents a safety factor to cover a situation in which one of the principal stresses may be larger than the apparent stress.  
1.4 This specification applies only to annealed glassware that is intended for sale as such. It excludes glassware that has been thermally tempered, ion-exchanged, or laminated with glass layers of differing expansion. The intent of this specification is to limit the residual stresses for safe consumer use in annealed glass, as it leaves the manufacturer.  
1.5 Stresses introduced by thermal expansion differences within the glassware are covered by this specification. Graded and glass-to-metal seals are excluded.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2021
• ICS: 71.040.20 - Laboratory ware and related apparatus
• Technical Committee: E41 - Laboratory Apparatus
• Drafting Committee: E41.01 - Laboratory Ware and Supplies

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E1273-88(2019) - Standard Specification for Color Coding of Reusable Laboratory Pipets
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM E1273-88(2013) - Standard Specification for Color Coding of Reusable Laboratory Pipets
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Refers: ASTM F218-12 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Optical Retardation and Analyzing Stress in Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2012
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(2018)e1 - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(2011) - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM E1273-88(2008) - Standard Specification for Color Coding of Reusable Laboratory Pipets
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(2006) - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2006
• Refers: ASTM F218-05 - Standard Test Method for Analyzing Stress in Glass
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2005
• Refers: ASTM F218-95(2000) - Standard Test Method for Analyzing Stress in Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Refers: ASTM F218-95 - Standard Test Method for Analyzing Stress in Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(1996) - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Refers: ASTM E1273-88(2003) - Standard Specification for Color Coding of Reusable Laboratory Pipets
• Effective Date: 31-Oct-1988
• Refers: ASTM E1273-88(1997)e1 - Standard Specification for Color Coding of Reusable Laboratory Pipets
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1988
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(2001)e1 - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 27-Mar-1987

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:E671 −98 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Maximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in Annealed
Glass Laboratory Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E671; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope cation is to limit the residual stresses for safe consumer use in
annealed glass, as it leaves the manufacturer.
1.1 This specification covers a limit for thermal residual
stress in reusable annealed glass laboratory apparatus as 1.5 Stresses introduced by thermal expansion differences
determined by prescribed photoelastic measurement proce- within the glassware are covered by this specification. Graded
dures. and glass-to-metal seals are excluded.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2 In broad classification, the laboratory glassware items
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
covered by this specification, but not limited to, are:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
beakers Imhoff cones
bottles, aspirator impingers Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
bottles, dropping jars, battery
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
bottles, gas washing jars, bell
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
bottles, infusion jars, chromatography
bottles, milk test jars, cylindrical
2. Referenced Documents
bottles, reagent joints, ball and socket or standard taper
bottles, weighing manometers
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bulbs, absorption percolators
bulbs, leveling pycnometers E1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable
bulbs, sampling stopcocks
Laboratory Glassware
burets tubes, centrifuge
E1273 Specification for Color Coding of Reusable Labora-
condensers tubes, chromatography
tory Pipets
crystallizing dishes tubes, color comparison (turbidity)
culture dishes tubes, combustion (ignition)
F218 Test Method for Measuring Optical Retardation and
custom apparatus tubes, connecting and adapter
Analyzing Stress in Glass
cylinders, graduated tubes, digestion
and plain tubes, drying
3. Stress Limit
desiccators tubes, fermentation
extraction tubes tubes, thistle (spray traps)
3.1 The stress as measured by the procedure in Section 4
flasks vapor traps
fritted ware viscometers and calculated by Eq 2 shall not exceed 5.2 MPa (750 psi),
funnels watch glasses
except for combustion, centrifuge, and chromatography tubes,
generators, Kipp
for which a limit of 4.5 MPa (650 psi) applies. Ware exceeding
grinder, tissue
these limits shall be rejected or reannealed to meet the
1.3 This specification recognizes that photoelastic measure-
specification.
ments are proportional to the difference of the principal
stresses. The limit imposed represents a safety factor to cover
4. Measurement Procedure
a situation in which one of the principal stresses may be larger
4.1 Using a Friedel (Senarmont) polarimeter as described in
than the apparent stress.
Test Method F218, place the glass article to be measured in the
1.4 This specification applies only to annealed glassware
viewing field in air. Examine every part of the article with a
that is intended for sale as such. It excludes glassware that has
definable light path (glass dimension) by rotating the analyzer
been thermally tempered, ion-exchanged, or laminated with
to compensate for local stress birefringence. Document those
glass layers of differing expansion. The intent of this specifi-
zones showing the higher values for the retardation or thick-
ness ratios by recording analyzer angle, glass thickness (light
path), and position in ware.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 on
Laboratory Ware and Supplies. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2022. Published February 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approvedin1979.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2016asE671 – 98(2016).DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E0671-98R22.
...