ASTM F1756-97
(Guide)Standard Guide for Implementation of a Fleet Management System Network
Standard Guide for Implementation of a Fleet Management System Network
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
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STDDASTM F375b-ENGL 1777 m 0757530 Ob07qb5 O38 m
(ICTb Designation: F 1756 - 97 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
Dr, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
100 Barr Harbor
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards Copyright ASTM
Standard Guide for
Implementation of a Fleet Management System Network’
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1756; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope work (LAN), file servers, workstations, wireless communica-
tions transceivers, cabling, other electronic and optical devices,
1.1 This guide provides an overview and guide for the
video display units, keyboards, and so forth.
selection and implementation by shipowners and operators of a
1.5 The SITP also requires underlying system software
Fleet Management System (FMS) network of computer ser-
providing network operating system (NOS) services, DMBS
vices in a clienuserver architecture (see Fig. I). The FMS is
services, and other system software.
based upon a wide area enterprise network consisting of an
1.6 There also is a layer of shipboard application systems,
unspecified number of Shipboard Information Technology
which are designed to capitalize on the FMS infrastructure to
Platforms (SITPs) and one or more shoreside Land-Based
share data with other shipboard systems and management
Information Technology Platforms (LITPs), which provides
ashore. Those systems also would be able to capitalize on the
management services for the shipping enterprise. The FMS can
remote management capabilities of the FMS.
be understood as a computer system comprised of one or more
1.7 The LITP is an asset that can exchange operating and
LITPs and one or more SITPs. It can be characterized as
administrative data from individual ships and maintain a
mission critical 24 X 36.5 (24 Wday, 36.5 daydyear).
DBMS to support fleet management and other maritime
1.2 The SITP (see Fig. 1) provides a set of software
applications. The LITP will support data repositories, file
services, including:
servers, workstations or personal computers (PCs), and a
1.2.1 Cornrnunicarions Services, to communicate between
communication hub providing connectivity to distributed sat-
vessels and with shore via multiple wireless communication
ellite services, VHF (very high frequency), HF/MF (high
technologies;
frequency/medium frequency) and land lines. The DBMS
1.2.2 Dafa Acquisition Services, providing access to ship-
makes possible the development of knowledge-based “decision
board system data as required for use by other systems and
aids” by providing the ability to retrieve, process, and analyze
management purposes; and,
operational data.
1.2.3 Executive Services, providing software process admin-
1.8 This guide does not purport to address all the require-
istration and control.
ments for a SITP, which forms a path for data for direct control
I .2.4 In total, the SITP provides the capability for multiple
of the operation or condition of the vessel or the vessel
shipboard computer systems to share data with each other and
subsystems.
to communicate with shore-based management or other vessels
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
or both.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.3 The SITP is understood to consist of integrated hard-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ware, software, a data repository, and standardized procedures,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
which provide the ability to send, receive, process, transfer,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and store data or messages in digital form in a common mode
1.10 In all cases it shall be possible for all units of
from shipboard systems or administrative utilities or both, and
navigation equipment resident on the Navigation Equipment
from designated sources outside the network, for example,
Bus to operate and display essential operating data indepen-
systems accessed through wireless communication services,
dently of the FMS.
such as satellite, VHF, HF, and so forth. Shipboard systems
1.11 In all cases it shall be possible for all units resident on
include navigational, machinery control and monitoring, cargo
the Control, Monitoring, and Alarm Bus to operate and display
control, communications, and so forth. The SITP also will
essential operating data independently of the FMS.
provide the capability for the remote administration and
1.12 In all cases it shall be possible for all units resident on
maintenance of associated computer systems aboard the vessel.
the Communications Bus to opera
...
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Table of Contents
Sections and Subsections
Title
1
Scope
2
Terminology
3
Significance and Use
4
Near-Miss Standardization
5
Procedure
6
Keywords
Appendix X1
Probability, Severity, and Risk Assessment
Appendix X2
Sample Near-Miss Reporting Form
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
and
Subsections
Title
1
Scope
2
Referenced Documents
3
Terminology
4
Significance and Use
5
Controls
5.1
Principles of Control Design
5.2
General Design Guidelines
5.3
Control Movement
5.4
Control Spacing
5.5
Coding of Controls
5.6
Control Use and Design
6
Displays
6.1
Visual Displays
6.2
Location, Orientation, Lighting, and Arrangement of Displays
6.3
Display Illumination
6.4
Display Types
6.5
Audible Displays
7
Alarm...
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3.1 General:
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3.2 A variety of choices exists for deployment of information processing devices and greatly increases the complexity of the selection task for ship and marine systems. The choice of a particular device or system cannot be made solely on the singular requirements of one application or function. Modern information processing systems are usually installed in a complex environment where systems must be made to interact with each other. Ship and marine installations add an even further layer of complexity to the process of choosing adequate computerized systems. This guide aims to alleviate this task by giving users specific choices that are proven technologies that perform in a complex environment.
3.3 Hardware resources used in ship and marine installations are a result of careful consideration of utility and function. These resources may require some physical specialization in order to inhabit a particular environment, but they are in no way different from equipment used in shore-based situations. Ship and marine computer system configurations, interconnections, and support services are essentially the same as those found in a land-based network environment and as a result, the skill sets of ship and marine information processing system users, administrators, and support personnel are interchangeable with those of shore-based activities.
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1.1 This guide provides assistance in the choice of computing hardware resources for ship and marine environments and describes:
1.1.1 The core characteristics of interoperable systems that can be incorporated into accepted concepts such as the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model;
1.1.2 Process-based models, such as the Technical Reference Model (TRM), that rely on interoperable computing hardware resources to provide the connection between the operator, network, application, and information; and,
1.1.3 The integrated architecture that can be used to meet minimum information processing requirements for ship and marine environments.
1.2 The use of models such as OSI and TRM provide a structured method for design and implementation of practical shipboard information processing systems and provides planners and architects with a roadmap that can be easily understood and conveyed to implementers. The use of such models permit functional capabilities to be embodied within concrete systems and equipment.
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6.1 Intended Use—Compliance with this practice provides the procuring organization with assurance that human users will be efficient, effective, and safe in the operation and maintenance of marine systems, equipment, and facilities. Specifically, it is intended to ensure the following:
6.1.1 System performance requirements are achieved reliably by appropriate use and accommodation of the human component of the system.
6.1.2 Usable design of equipment, software, and environment permits the human-equipment/software combination to meet system performance goals.
6.1.3 System features, processes, and procedures do not constitute hazards to humans.
6.1.4 Trade-offs between automated and manual operations results in effective human performance and appropriate cost control.
6.1.5 Manpower, personnel, and training requirements are met.
6.1.6 Selected HSI design standards are applied that are adequate and appropriate technically.
6.1.7 Systems and equipments are designed to facilitate required maintenance.
6.1.8 Procedures for operating and maintaining equipment are efficient, reliable, approved for maritime use, and safe.
6.1.9 Potential error-inducing equipment design features are eliminated, or at least, minimized, and systems are designed to be error-tolerant.
6.1.10 Layouts and arrangements of equipment afford efficient traffic patterns, communications, and use.
6.1.11 Habitability facilities and working spaces meet environmental control and physical environment requirements to provide the level of comfort and quality of life for the crew that is conducive to maintaining optimum personnel performance and endurance.
6.1.12 Hazards to human health are minimized.
6.1.13 Personnel survivability is maximized.
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1.1 Objectives—This practice establishes and defines the processes and associated requirements for incorporating Human Systems Integration (HSI) into all phases of government and commercial ship, offshore structure, and marine system and equipment (hereafter referred to as marine system) acquisition life cycle. HSI must be integrated fully with the engineering processes applied to the design, acquisition, and operations of marine systems. This application includes the following:
1.1.1 Ships and offshore structures.
1.1.2 Marine systems, machinery, and equipment developed to be deployed on a ship or offshore structure where their design, once integrated into the ship or offshore structure, will potentially impact human performance, safety and health hazards, survivability, morale, quality of life, and fitness for duty.
1.1.3 Integration of marine systems and equipment into ships and offshore structures including arrangements, facility layout, installations, communications, and data links.
1.1.4 Modernization and retrofitting ships and offshore structures.
1.2 Target Audience—The intended audience for this document consists of individuals with HSI training and experience representing the procuring activity, contractor or vendor personnel with HSI experience, and engineers and management personnel familiar with HSI methods, processes, and objectives. See 5.2.3 for guidance on qualifications of HSI specialists.
1.3 Contents—This document is divided into the following sections and subsections.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
and
Subsection
Title
1
Scope
1.1
Objectives
1.2
Target Audience
1.3
Contents
2
Human Systems Integration
2.1
Definition of Human Systems Integration
2.2
HSI Integration Process
2.3
HSI Program Requirements
3
Referenced Documents
3.1
Introduction
3.2
ASTM Standards
3.3
Commercial Standards and Do...
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1.2.1 The control requirement of a disabled ship,
1.2.2 The performance capabilities of escort vessels,
1.2.3 The navigational limits and fixed obstacles of a waterway,
1.2.4 The ambient conditions (wind and sea) that will impact the escort response, and
1.2.5 The maneuvering characteristics of combined disabled ship/escort vessel(s).
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1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exceptions—Other units may be used for the stability test, but the test results should be reported in the same units and coordinate system as the vessel’s draft marks and Trim and Stability Book or similar stability information provided.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the shape, size, spacing, and shading requirements of letters and numerals used in shipboard markings. Covered by this specification are five types of characters: plain letters and numerals (Type 1), block letters and numerals having the same width (Type 2), Type 2 characters with shading (Type 3), block letters and numerals of different widths (Type 4), and Type 4 characters with shading (Type 5). The characters shall be designed using the grid method, which will allow one to change the character size proportionately as required. Not covered in this specification are the location and size of various shipboard markings using letters and numerals.
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1.1 This specification specifies shape, size, spacing, and shading of letters and numerals to be used aboard ship.
1.2 Characters are of Five Types:
1.2.1 Type 1—Plain letters and numerals (16 units).
1.2.2 Type 2—Block letters and numerals (12 units).
1.2.3 Type 3—Type 2 characters with shading (shading—1 unit).
1.2.4 Type 4—Block letters (10 units) and numerals (12 units).
1.2.5 Type 5—Type 4 characters with shading (shading—1 unit).
1.3 This specification does not give location or size of various shipboard markings incorporating letters and numerals.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is important to know the amount of weight and its location before the ship is built to be sure that when it is built it will have positive stability. Only through detailed weight estimating in the design stage and during construction can one be ensured that positive stability will be achieved and retained.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides recommended weight control technical requirements for surface ships and discusses different types of weight estimates, reports, and weight control procedures. It contains a weight classification that will assist in achieving uniformity by standardizing the weight-reporting system.
1.2 This guide is applicable to ships designed and constructed in inch-pound units of measurement and to ships designed and constructed in SI units of measurement. Whenever inch-pound units are shown or referred to in the text, or in example formats included in this guide, it is to be understood that corresponding SI units may be substituted if applicable to a ship designed and constructed in SI units, provided that whichever system is used, it is consistently used in all weight control reporting documentation for the ship.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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