ASTM E2544-08
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems
Standard Terminology for Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains common terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated with three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems in an effort to standardize terminology used for 3D imaging systems.
1.2 The definitions of the terms presented in 3.1 are obtained from various standard documents developed by various standards development organizations. The intent is not to change these universally accepted definitions but to gather, in a single document, terms and their definitions that may be used in current or future standards for 3D imaging systems.
1.2.1 In some cases, definitions of the same term from two standards have been presented to provide additional reference. The text in parentheses to the right of each defined term is the name (and, in some cases, the specific section) of the source of the definition associated with that term.
1.3 The definitions in 3.2 are specific terms developed by this committee for 3D imaging systems.
1.4 A definition in this terminology is a statement of the meaning of a word or word group expressed in a single sentence with additional information included in notes or discussions.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review definitions on a five-year basis to determine if the definition is still appropriate as stated. Revisions will be made when determined necessary.
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Designation: E 2544 – 08
Standard Terminology for
1
Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2544; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 ASME Standard:
B89.4.19 Performance Evaluation of Laser Based Spherical
1.1 This terminology contains common terms, definitions of
Coordinate Measurement Systems
terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
associated with three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems in an
VIM International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms
efforttostandardizeterminologyusedfor3Dimagingsystems.
in Metrology
1.2 The definitions of the terms presented in 3.1 are ob-
ISO 11146–1 Lasers and laser-related equipment — Test
tained from various standard documents developed by various
methods for laser beam widths, divergence angles and
standards development organizations. The intent is not to
beam propagation ratios — Part 1: Stigmatic and simple
change these universally accepted definitions but to gather, in
astigmatic beams
a single document, terms and their definitions that may be used
5
2.4 NIST/SEMATECH Standard:
in current or future standards for 3D imaging systems.
NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods
1.2.1 In some cases, definitions of the same term from two
standards have been presented to provide additional reference.
3. Terminology
The text in parentheses to the right of each defined term is the
3.1 Definitions:
name (and, in some cases, the specific section) of the source of
the definition associated with that term.
accuracy of measurement, n—closeness of the agreement
1.3 The definitions in 3.2 are specific terms developed by
between the result of a measurement and a true value of the
this committee for 3D imaging systems.
measurand. (VIM 3.5)
1.4 A definition in this terminology is a statement of the
DISCUSSION—
meaning of a word or word group expressed in a single
(1) Accuracy is a qualitative concept.
sentence with additional information included in notes or
(2)Theterm“precision”shouldnotbeusedfor“accuracy.”
discussions.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
bias (of a measuring instrument), n—systematic error of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
indication of a measuring instrument. (VIM 3.25)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
DISCUSSION—
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(1) The bias of a measuring instrument is normally
estimated by averaging the error of indication over an appro-
NOTE 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review
priate number of repeated measurements.
definitions on a five-year basis to determine if the definition is still
appropriate as stated. Revisions will be made when determined necessary.
bias, n—difference between the average or expected value of a
distribution and the true value.
2. Referenced Documents
2 (NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook)
2.1 ASTM Standard:
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
DISCUSSION—
1 3
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of Committee E57 on 3D Imaging Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E57.01 on Terminology. International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally www.asme.org.
4
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E 2544-07a. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
the ASTM website. e-Handbook available at http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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E2544–08
(1) In metrology, the difference between precision and (3) Values of more than one quantity may be displayed
accuracy is that measures of precision are not affected by bias, simultaneously.
whereas accuracy measures degrade as bias increases. (4) A d
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E 2544 – 08
Standard Terminology for
1
Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2544; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology contains common terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms
associated with three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems in an effort to standardize terminology used for 3D imaging systems.
1.2 The definitions of the terms presented in 3.1 are obtained from various standard documents developed by various standards
development organizations. The intent is not to change these universally accepted definitions but to gather, in a single document,
terms and their definitions that may be used in current or future standards for 3D imaging systems.
1.2.1 In some cases, definitions of the same term from two standards have been presented to provide additional reference. The
text in parentheses to the right of each defined term is the name (and, in some cases, the specific section) of the source of the
definition associated with that term.
1.3 The definitions in 3.2 are specific terms developed by this committee for 3D imaging systems.
1.4 Adefinition in this terminology is a statement of the meaning of a word or word group expressed in a single sentence with
additional information included in notes or discussions.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review definitions on a five-year basis to determine if the definition is still appropriate
as stated. Revisions will be made when determined necessary.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standard:
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
3
2.2 ASME Standard:
B89.4.19 Performance Evaluation of Laser Based Spherical Coordinate Measurement Systems
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
VIM International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology
ISO 11146–1 Lasers and laser-related equipment — Test methods for laser beam widths, divergence angles and beam
propagation ratios — Part 1: Stigmatic and simple astigmatic beams
5
2.4 NIST/SEMATECH Standard:
NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
accuracyofmeasurement, n—closenessoftheagreementbetweentheresultofameasurementandatruevalueofthemeasurand.
(VIM 3.5)
DISCUSSION—
(1) Accuracy is a qualitative concept.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of Committee E57 on 3D Imaging Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E57.01 on Terminology .
Current edition approved March 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E 2544-07a.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov. e-Handbook
available at http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2544–08
(2) The term “precision” should not be used for “accuracy.”
bias (of a measuring instrument), n— systematic error of the indication of a measuring instrument. (VIM 3.25)
DISCUSSION—
(1) The bias of a measuring instrument is normally estimated by averaging the error of indication over an appropriate number
of repeated measurements.
bias, n—difference between the average or expected value of a distribution and the true value.
(NIST/SEMATECH e-Handb
...
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