ASTM E1559-09

Standard Test Method for Contamination Outgassing Characteristics of Spacecraft Materials

ABSTRACT
This test method covers a technique for generating data to characterize the kinetics of the release of outgassing products from spacecraft materials. This technique will determine both the total mass flux evolved by a material when exposed to a vacuum environment and the deposition of this flux on surfaces held at various specified temperatures. The quartz crystal microbalances used in this test method provide a sensitive technique for measuring very small quantities of deposited mass. There are two test methods in this standard: Test Method A and Test Method B. The test apparatus shall consists of four main subsystems: a vacuum chamber, a temperature control system, internal configuration, and a data acquisition system. A test procedure for collecting data and a test method for processing and presenting the collected data are included.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a technique for generating data to characterize the kinetics of the release of outgassing products from materials. This technique will determine both the total mass flux evolved by a material when exposed to a vacuum environment and the deposition of this flux on surfaces held at various specified temperatures.
1.2 This test method describes the test apparatus and related operating procedures for evaluating the total mass flux that is evolved from a material being subjected to temperatures that are between 298 and 398 K. Pressures external to the sample effusion cell are less than 7 × 10−3 Pa (5 × 10−5 torr). Deposition rates are measured during material outgassing tests. A test procedure for collecting data and a test method for processing and presenting the collected data are included.
1.3 This test method can be used to produce the data necessary to support mathematical models used for the prediction of molecular contaminant generation, migration, and deposition.
1.4 All types of organic, polymeric, and inorganic materials can be tested. These include polymer potting compounds, foams, elastomers, films, tapes, insulations, shrink tubing, adhesives, coatings, fabrics, tie cords, and lubricants.
1.5 There are two test methods in this standard. Test Method A uses standardized specimen and collector temperatures. Test Method B allows the flexibility of user-specified specimen and collector temperatures, material and test geometry, and user-specified QCMs.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2009
• ICS: 49.025.01 - Materials for aerospace construction in general
• Technical Committee: E21 - Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology
• Drafting Committee: E21.05 - Contamination

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1559-03 - Standard Test Method for Contamination Outgassing Characteristics of Spacecraft Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E1548-09(2022) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Aerospace Contamination Control Plans
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2900-19 - Standard Practice for Spacecraft Hardware Thermal Vacuum Bakeout
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2312-11(2019) - Standard Practice for Tests of Cleanroom Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2352-19 - Standard Practice for Aerospace Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments—Cleanroom Operations
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2311-04(2021) - Standard Practice for QCM Measurement of Spacecraft Molecular Contamination in Space
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1559 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Contamination Outgassing Characteristics of Spacecraft
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1559; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers a technique for generating data
to characterize the kinetics of the release of outgassing
2. Referenced Documents
products from materials. This technique will determine both
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the total mass flux evolved by a material when exposed to a
E595Test Method for Total Mass Loss and Collected Vola-
vacuumenvironmentandthedepositionofthisfluxonsurfaces
tile Condensable Materials from Outgassing in a Vacuum
held at various specified temperatures.
Environment
1.2 Thistestmethoddescribesthetestapparatusandrelated
2.2 Military Standard:
operating procedures for evaluating the total mass flux that is
3
MIL-P-27401DPropellant Pressurizing Agent, Nitrogen
evolved from a material being subjected to temperatures that
2.3 Other Standard:
are between 298 and 398 K. Pressures external to the sample
−3 −5
SMC-TR-95–28 Non-Volatile Residue Solvent
effusion cell are less than7×10 Pa (5 × 10 torr).
4
Replacement, Report No. TR95 (5448)-1
Depositionratesaremeasuredduringmaterialoutgassingtests.
A test procedure for collecting data and a test method for
3. Terminology
processing and presenting the collected data are included.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This test method can be used to produce the data
3.1.1 AT cut crystal, n—a quartz crystal orientation that
necessary to support mathematical models used for the predic-
minimizes the temperature coefficient (frequency change ver-
tion of molecular contaminant generation, migration, and
sus temperature) over a wide range of temperature.
deposition.
3.1.2 azeotropic mixture, n—a solution of two or more
1.4 All types of organic, polymeric, and inorganic materials
liquids, the composition of which does not change upon
can be tested. These include polymer potting compounds,
distillation. Also known as azeotrope.
foams, elastomers, films, tapes, insulations, shrink tubing,
3.1.3 collected volatile condensable material, CVCM,
adhesives, coatings, fabrics, tie cords, and lubricants.
n—(fromTestMethodE595).Thequantityofoutgassedmatter
1.5 Therearetwotestmethodsinthisstandard.TestMethod
from a test specimen that condenses on a collector maintained
Auses standardized specimen and collector temperatures. Test
at a specific constant temperature for a specified time and
Method B allows the flexibility of user-specified specimen and
measured before and after the test outside the chamber.
collector temperatures, material and test geometry, and user-
3.1.3.1 Discussion—CVCMisspecifictoTestMethodE595
specified QCMs.
and is calculated from the condensate mass determined from
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
thedifferenceinmassofthecollectorplatebeforeandafterthe
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
test in a controlled laboratory environment. CVCM is ex-
only.
pressed as a percentage of the initial specimen mass.The view
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
factor is not considered; so all the VCM outgassing from the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Simulation andApplications of SpaceTechnology and is the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
3
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination. AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
4
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1559–03. DOI: Available fromTheAerospace Corporation, P.O. Box 92957, LosAngeles, CA
10.1520/E1559-09. 90009–2957, http://www.aero.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E1559 − 09
sample may not be collected. Care should be used in compar- can be normalized with respect to the sample surface area and
2
i
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1559–03 Designation: E 1559 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Contamination Outgassing Characteristics of Spacecraft
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1559; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a technique for generating data to characterize the kinetics of the release of outgassing products
from materials. This technique will determine both the total mass flux evolved by a material when exposed to a vacuum
environment and the deposition of this flux on surfaces held at various specified temperatures.
1.2 This test method describes the test apparatus and related operating procedures for evaluating the total mass flux that is
evolvedfromamaterialbeingsubjectedtotemperaturesthatarebetween298and398K.Pressuresexternaltothesampleeffusion
−3 −5
cell are less than 7 3 10 Pa (5 3 10 torr). Deposition rates are measured during material outgassing tests. A test procedure
for collecting data and a test method for processing and presenting the collected data are included.
1.3 This test method can be used to produce the data necessary to support mathematical models used for the prediction of
molecular contaminant generation, migration, and deposition.
1.4 All types of organic, polymeric, and inorganic materials can be tested. These include polymer potting compounds, foams,
elastomers, films, tapes, insulations, shrink tubing, adhesives, coatings, fabrics, tie cords, and lubricants.
1.5 There are two test methods in this standard. Test Method A uses standardized specimen and collector temperatures. Test
Method B allows the flexibility of user-specified specimen and collector temperatures, material and test geometry, and
user-specified QCMs.
1.6The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E595 Test Method for Total Mass Loss and Collected Volatile Condensable Materials from Outgassing in a Vacuum
Environment
2
IEEE/ASTM SI 10American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
Test Method for Total Mass Loss and Collected Volatile Condensable Materials from Outgassing in a Vacuum Environment
2.2 Military Standard:
3
MIL-P-27401C MIL-P-27401D Propellant Pressurizing Agent, Nitrogen
2.3 Other Standard:
4
SMC-TR-95–28 Non-Volatile Residue Solvent Replacement, Report No. TR95 (5448)-1
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E1559–00.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1559–03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 14.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
4
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
4
Available from The Aerospace Corporation, P.O. Box 92957, Los Angeles, CA 90009–2957, http://www.aero.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1559–09
3.1.1 AT cut crystal, n—a quartz crystal orientation that m
...