ASTM G127-95

Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen Systems

SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to establish a procedure to select cleaning agents, both solvents and water-based detergents, for oxygen service. This includes of laboratory-scale tests for cleaning effectiveness, materials compatibility and oxygen compatibility.  
1.2 The effectiveness of a particular cleaning agent depends upon the method by which it is used, the nature and type of the contaminants, and the characteristics of the article being cleaned, such as size, shape, and material. Final evaluation of the cleaning agent should include testing of actual products and production processes.  
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1999
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.02 - Recommended Practices

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM G127-95(2000) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM G122-20 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents and Processes
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM G121-18 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM G93/G93M-19 - Standard Guide for Cleanliness Levels and Cleaning Methods for Materials and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F310-07(2020) - Standard Practice for Sampling Cryogenic Aerospace Fluids
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM G120-15(2023) - Standard Practice for Determination of Soluble Residual Contamination by Soxhlet Extraction
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: G 127 – 95
Standard Guide for the
Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 127; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Intermediate
Precision Method)
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to establish a procedure to
G 5 Reference Test Method for Making Potentiostatic and
select cleaning agents, both solvents and water-based deter-
Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements
gents, for oxygen service. This includes of laboratory-scale
G 31 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing
tests for cleaning effectiveness, materials compatibility and
of Metals
oxygen compatibility.
G 59 Practice for Conducting Potentiodynamic Polarization
1.2 The effectiveness of a particular cleaning agent depends
Resistance Measurements
upon the method by which it is used, the nature and type of the
G 63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxy-
contaminants, and the characteristics of the article being
gen Service
cleaned, such as size, shape, and material. Final evaluation of
G 72 Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of
the cleaning agent should include testing of actual products and
Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched
production processes.
Environment
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
G 74 Test Method for Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Gaseous Fluid Impact
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
G 93 Practice for Cleaning Methods for Material and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
G 94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
2. Referenced Documents
G 121 Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Cou-
pons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
G 122 Test Method to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Clean-
D 471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liq-
ing Agents
uids
2.2 CGA Document:
D 543 Test Method for Resistance of Plastics to Chemical
CGA Pamphlet G-4.1 Cleaning Equipment for Oxygen
Reagents
Service
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 1460 Test Method for Rubber Property—Change in
3. Significance and Use
Length During Liquid Immersion
3.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that
D 2512 Test Method for Compatibility of Materials with
may be considered when selecting and qualifying a cleaning
Liquid Oxygen (Impact Sensitivity Threshold and Pass-
5 agent for an oxygen system.
Fail Techniques)
3.2 Insufficient cleanliness can result in the ignition of
D 2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen
contaminants or components by a variety of mechanisms.
Concentration to Support Candle-like Combustion of Plas-
Therefore, an acceptable level of contamination for each
tics (Oxygen Index)
condition of use in oxygen service should be defined. The
D 2934 Practice for Rubber Seals—Compatibility with Ser-
acceptable level of contamination may depend on various
vice Fluids
factors, such as:
D 4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid
3.2.1 The nature and type of the contaminants,
3.2.2 The location and degree of contamination,
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G-4 on Compatibility
3.2.3 The type of substrate material,
and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
3.2.4 The configuration and end use of the equipment or part
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
to be cleaned, and
Current edition approved June 15, 1995. Published May 1996.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
5 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
6 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
7 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
G 127
3.2.5 The operating parameters of the oxygen system (pres- 6. Cleaning Effectiveness Tests
sure, temperature, phase, concentration, fluid velocity, etc.).
6.1 Selection of Test Contaminants:
6.1.1 Numerous contaminants encountered in oxygen sys-
4. Selection of Cleaning Agent
tems that could result from manufacturing, assembly, fabrica-
4.1 Before a specific cleaning agent is selected for testing,
tion, and construction processes are listed in Practice G 93.
the following attributes should be considered.
Typical contaminants include:
4.1.1 Toxicity,
6.1.1.1 Hydrocarbon oils and greases,
4.1.2 Carcinogenicity,
6.1.1.2 Fluorinated fluids and greases,
4.1.3 Recyclability,
6.1.1.3 Inks,
4.1.4 Waste disposal,
6.1.1.4 Machine cutting oils,
4.1.5 Ozone depletion,
6.1.1.5 Carbon deposits,
4.1.6 Inertness (flammability and combustibility),
6.1.1.6 Silicone oils and greases,
4.1.7 Corrosivity and compatibility with metallic and non-
6.1.1.7 Phosphate esters,
metallic engineering materials,
6.1.1.8 Waxes,
4.1.8 Availability and technical support from supplier,
6.1.1.9 Dye penetrants,
4.1.9 Cost effectiveness, and
6.1.1.10 Chlorotrifluoroethylene based oils and greases.
4.1.10 Compliance with local, state and federal regulations.
6.1.2 Among typical contaminants, hydrocarbons are the
4.2 It is desirable that the cleaning agent could be applied by
prime candidates for the test protocol. When dealing with other
a variety of methods, such as wiping, immersion, spraying, etc.
contaminants, the user should attempt to classify the type of
Consequently, the cleaning agent manufacturer’s instructions
contamination expected on the equipment to be cleaned.
for applying the cleaner shall be considered.
6.1.3 As a preliminary test, a mixture of common cutting
oils may be used as a contaminant. It may be carried in a
5. Selection of Substrate Materials
suitable volatile solvent as a means to introduce it into a
5.1 Substrate materials used for cleaning effectiveness and
system. In addition, vacuum pump oil, or a compressor oil are
compatibility tests should be representative of those used in the
suggested as contaminants for the evaluation program. In a
end application.
more refined test at later stages, fluorinated oils/greases, dye
5.2 Metallic Materials:
penetrants, or a mixture of as many contaminants as necessary
5.2.1 Metallic materials commonly used in oxygen systems
may be prepared in a suitable solvent. Eventually, actual
are listed in Guide G 94.
contaminants encountered on an engineering component or
5.2.2 Alloys representative of numerous applications in
system for oxygen service shall be evaluated for removal
oxygen systems and suitable for inclusion in a test protocol are
efficiency.
as follows:
6.2 Test Methods:
5.2.2.1 304 stainless steel,
6.2.1 A suggested starting level of contamination is 1000
5.2.2.2 Aluminum alloy 6061 (or 5051),
mg/m . This is a hydrocarbon level that is consistent with
5.2.2.3 Carbon steel 1018,
contamination levels associated with final cleaning and it is
5.2.2.4 Admiralty brass CDA 443,
twice the acceptable level specified for oxygen service in CGA
5.2.2.5 Monel 400,
pamphlet G.4.1. Heavily contaminated surfaces with levels in
5.2.2.6 4130X low alloy steel,
excess of 1000 mg/m must be precleaned using more aggres-
5.2.2.7 Inconel 718,
sive cleaning agents with mechanical scrubbing (Practice
5.2.2.8 Copper,
G 93). Precleaning is not a cleaning step with which this guide
5.2.2.9 Tin-bronze, and
is concerned.
5.2.2.10 Cobalt alloy 188.
6.2.2 Contaminants may be applied to the specimens by any
5.3 Nonmetallic Materials:
of the means specified in Practice G 121.
5.3.1 Nonmetallic materials commonly used in oxygen
6.2.3 The cleaning effectiveness of a cleaning agent shall be
service are discussed in Guide G 63.
evaluated using the test method outlined in Test Method G 122.
5.3.2 Nonmetallic materials representative of numerous ap-
6.2.4 A test basis shall be established for each contaminated
plications in oxygen systems and suitable for inclusion in a test
sample by using an acceptable solvent as a control cleaning
protocol are as follows:
agent.
5.3.2.1 Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPDM),
R R
5.3.2.2 Perfluoroelastomer (Kalrez , Chemraz ),
7. Material Compatibility Tests
...