ASTM D6519-08
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling of Soil Using the Hydraulically Operated Stationary Piston Sampler
Standard Practice for Sampling of Soil Using the Hydraulically Operated Stationary Piston Sampler
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Hydraulically activated stationary piston samplers are used to gather soil samples for laboratory or field testing and analysis for geologic investigations, soil chemical composition studies, and water quality investigations. The sampler is sometimes used when attempts to recover unstable soils with thin-walled tubes, Practice D1587, are unsuccessful. Examples of a few types of investigations in which hydraulic stationary piston samplers may be used include building site foundation studies containing soft sediments, highway and dam foundation investigations where softer soil formation need evaluation, wetland crossings utilizing floating structures, and hazardous waste site investigations. Hydraulically activated stationary piston samplers provide specimens necessary to determine the physical and chemical composition of soils and, in certain circumstances, contained pore fluids (see Guide D6169).
Hydraulically activated stationary piston samplers can provide relatively intact soil samples of soft or loose formation materials for testing to determine accurate information on the physical characteristics of that soil. Samples of soft formation materials can be tested to determine numerous soil characteristics such as; soil stratigraphy, particle size, moisture content, permeability, sheer strength, compressibility, and so forth. The chemical composition of soft formation soils can also be determined from the sample if provisions are made to ensure that clean, decontaminated tools are used in the sample gathering procedure. Field-extruded samples can be field-screened or laboratory-analyzed to determine the chemical composition of soil and contained pore fluids. Using sealed or protected sampling tools, cased boreholes, and proper advancement techniques can help in the acquisition of good representative samples. A general knowledge of subsurface conditions at the site is beneficial.
The use of this practice may not be the correct method for investigations of softer ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for sampling of cohesive, organic, or fine-grained soils, or combination thereof, using a thin-walled metal tube that is inserted into the soil formation by means of a hydraulically operated piston. It is used to collect relatively intact soil samples suitable for laboratory tests to determine structural and chemical properties for geotechnical and environmental site characterizations.
1.1.1 Guidance on preservation and transport of samples in accordance with Practice D4220 may apply. Samples for classification may be preserved using procedures similar to Class A. In most cases, a thin-walled tube sample can be considered as Class B, C, or D. Refer to Guide D6286 for use of the hydraulically operated stationary piston soil sampler for environmental site characterization. This sampling method is often used in conjunction with rotary drilling methods such as fluid rotary; Guide D5783; and hollow stem augers, Practice D6151. Sampling data should be reported in the substance log in accordance with Guide D5434.
1.2 The hydraulically operated stationery piston sampler is limited to soils and unconsolidated materials that can be penetrated with the available hydraulic pressure that can be applied without exceeding the structural strength of the thin-walled tube. This standard addresses typical hydraulic piston samplers used on land or shallow water in drill holes. The standard does not address specialized offshore samplers for deep marine applications that may or may not be hydraulically operated. This standard does not address operation of other types of mechanically advanced piston samplers.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use and may involve use of hazardous materials, equipment, and operations. It is the responsibility of the user to establish and adopt appropriate safety and health practices. Also, the user must co...
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Designation: D6519 − 08
StandardPractice for
Sampling of Soil Using the Hydraulically Operated
1
Stationary Piston Sampler
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Health and Safety Administration) guidelines, while using this
practice. For good safety practice, consult applicable OSHA
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for sampling of
2
regulations and other safety guides on drilling.
cohesive,organic,orfine-grainedsoils,orcombinationthereof,
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
using a thin-walled metal tube that is inserted into the soil
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
formation by means of a hydraulically operated piston. It is
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
used to collect relatively intact soil samples suitable for
and are not considered standard.
laboratory tests to determine structural and chemical properties
1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
for geotechnical and environmental site characterizations.
one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
1.1.1 Guidance on preservation and transport of samples in
education or experience and should be used in conjunction
accordance with Practice D4220 may apply. Samples for
with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this practice
classification may be preserved using procedures similar to
may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is
Class A. In most cases, a thin-walled tube sample can be
not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by
considered as Class B, C, or D. Refer to Guide D6286 for use
which the adequacy of a given professional service must be
of the hydraulically operated stationary piston soil sampler for
judged, nor should this document be applied without consid-
environmental site characterization. This sampling method is
eration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Stan-
often used in conjunction with rotary drilling methods such as
dard” in the title means only that the document has been
fluid rotary; Guide D5783; and hollow stem augers, Practice
approved through the ASTM consensus process. This practice
D6151. Sampling data should be reported in the substance log
does not purport to comprehensively address all of the methods
in accordance with Guide D5434.
and the issues associated with sampling of soil. Users should
1.2 The hydraulically operated stationery piston sampler is
seek qualified professionals for decisions as to the proper
limited to soils and unconsolidated materials that can be
equipment and methods that would be most successful for their
penetrated with the available hydraulic pressure that can be
site investigation. Other methods may be available for drilling
applied without exceeding the structural strength of the thin-
and sampling of soil, and qualified professionals should have
walled tube. This standard addresses typical hydraulic piston
flexibility to exercise judgment as to possible alternatives not
samplers used on land or shallow water in drill holes. The
covered in this practice. The practice is current at the time of
standard does not address specialized offshore samplers for
issue, but new alternative methods may become available prior
deep marine applications that may or may not be hydraulically
torevisions,therefore,usersshouldconsultwithmanufacturers
operated. This standard does not address operation of other
or producers prior to specifying program requirements.
types of mechanically advanced piston samplers.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety
2. Referenced Documents
concerns, if any, associated with its use and may involve use of
3
2.1 ASTM Standards-Soil Classification:
hazardous materials, equipment, and operations. It is the
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
responsibility of the user to establish and adopt appropriate
Fluids
safety and health practices. Also, the user must comply with
D2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Occupational
(Visual-Manual Procedure)
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Drilling Safety Guide, National DrillingAssn., 3008 MillwoodAve., Columbia,
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling and SC 29205.
3
Related Field Testing for Soil Evaluations For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Pu
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6519–05 Designation: D 6519 – 08
Standard Practice for
Sampling of Soil Using the Hydraulically Operated
1
Stationary Piston Sampler
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for sampling of cohesive, organic, or fine-grained soils, or combination thereof, using a
thin-walled metal tube that is inserted into the soil formation by means of a hydraulically operated piston. It is used to collect
relatively undisturbedintact soil samples suitable for laboratory tests to determine structural and chemical properties for
geotechnical and environmental site characterizations.
1.1.1 Guidance on preservation and transport of samples in accordance with Practice D 4220 may apply. Samples for
classification may be preserved using procedures similar to Class A. In most cases, a thin-walled tube sample can be considered
as Class B, C, or D. Refer to Guide D 6286 for use of the hydraulically operated stationary piston soil sampler for environmental
site characterization. This sampling method is often used in conjunction with rotary drilling methods such as fluid rotary; Guide
D 5783;andhollowstemaugers,PracticeD 6151.SamplingdatashouldbereportedinthesubstanceloginaccordancewithGuide
D 5434.
1.2 The hydraulically operated stationery piston sampler is limited to soils and unconsolidated materials that can be penetrated
with the available hydraulic pressure that can be applied without exceeding the structural strength of the thin-walled tube. This
standard addresses typical hydraulic piston samplers used on land or shallow water in drill holes. The standard does not address
specialized offshore samplers for deep marine applications that may or may not be hydraulically operated. This standard does not
address operation of other types of mechanically advanced piston samplers.
1.3 This practice does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use and may involve use of
hazardous materials, equipment, and operations. It is the responsibility of the user to establish and adopt appropriate safety and
health practices. Also, the user must comply with prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Occupational Health and Safety
Administration) guidelines, while using this practice. For good safety practice, consult applicable OSHA regulations and other
2
safety guides on drilling.
1.4The values stated in SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system
may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two
systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this practice may be
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the
adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s
many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM
consensus process. This practice does not purport to comprehensively address all of the methods and the issues associated with
sampling of soil. Users should seek qualified professionals for decisions as to the proper equipment and methods that would be
most successful for their site investigation. Other methods may be available for drilling and sampling of soil, and qualified
professionals should have flexibility to exercise judgment as to possible alternatives not covered in this practice. The practice is
current at the time of issue, but new alternative methods may become available prior to revisions, therefore, users should consult
with manufacturers or producers prior to specifying program require
...
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