ASTM D2892-11a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on a crude oil to determine its value. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges and is therefore valuable in technical discussions of a commercial nature.
This test method corresponds to the standard laboratory distillation efficiency referred to as 15/5. The fractions produced can be analyzed as produced or combined to produce samples for analytical studies, engineering, and product quality evaluations. The preparation and evaluation of such blends is not part of this test method.
This test method can be used as an analytical tool for examination of other petroleum mixtures with the exception of LPG, very light naphthas, and mixtures with initial boiling points above 400°C.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the distillation of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut temperature of 400°C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET). This test method employs a fractionating column having an efficiency of 14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laboratories.
Note 1—Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa (12 psi).
1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standardized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and volume. From the preceding information, a graph of temperature versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP (true boiling point).
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas, and fractions having initial boiling points above 400°C.
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and appendixes:
1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
1.4.4 Annex A4—Test Method for the Verification of Temperature Sensor Location,
1.4.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of the Temperature Response Time,
1.4.6 Annex A6—Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
1.4.7 Annex A7—Test Method for the Verification of Reflux Dividing Valves,
1.4.8 Annex A8—Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET),
1.4.9 Appendix X1—Test Method for Dehydration of a Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
1.4.10 Appendix X2—Practice for Performance Check.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 10.
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Designation: D2892 − 11a
StandardTest Method for
Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate
1
Column)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4.4 Annex A4—Test Method for the Verification of Tem-
perature Sensor Location,
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheprocedureforthedistillation
1.4.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of the
of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut
Temperature Response Time,
temperature of 400°C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
1.4.6 Annex A6—Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
(AET). This test method employs a fractionating column
1.4.7 Annex A7—Test Method for theVerification of Reflux
havinganefficiencyof14to18theoreticalplatesoperatedata
Dividing Valves,
reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary
1.4.8 Annex A8—Practice for Conversion of Observed Va-
equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable
por Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method
(AET),
offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to
1.4.9 Appendix X1—Test Method for Dehydration of a
facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laborato-
Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
ries.
1.4.10 Appendix X2—Practice for Performance Check.
NOTE 1—Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa
(12 psi).
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
1.2 Thistestmethoddetailsproceduresfortheproductionof
only.
a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standard-
ized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
determinationofyieldsoftheabovefractionsbybothmassand
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
volume. From the preceding information, a graph of tempera-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ture versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP
warning statements, see Section 10.
(true boiling point).
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas,
D941Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
and fractions having initial boiling points above 400°C.
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and
3
eter
appendixes:
D1217Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the
D2887Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D02.08 on Volatility. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D2892–11. DOI: Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
10.1520/D2892-11A. on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2892 − 11a
D3710TestMethodforBoilingRangeDistributionofGaso- 3.1.6 dynamic hold-up, n—in column distillation, the quan-
line and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography tity of liquid held up in the column und
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2892–11 Designation: D2892 – 11a
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate
1
Column)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheprocedureforthedistillationofstabilizedcrudepetroleum(seeNote1)toafinalcuttemperature
of 400°CAtmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET). This test method employs a fractionating column having an efficiency of
14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary equipment is specified. Some
typicalexamplesofacceptableapparatusarepresentedinschematicform.Thistestmethodoffersacompromisebetweenefficiency
and time in order to facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laboratories.
NOTE 1—Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa (12 psi).
1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standardized
quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and volume.
From the preceding information, a graph of temperature versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation curve
corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) orTBP(true boiling
point).
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas, and
fractions having initial boiling points above 400°C.
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and appendixes:
1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
1.4.4 Annex A4—Test Method for the Verification of Temperature Sensor Location,
1.4.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of the Temperature Response Time,
1.4.6 Annex A6—Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
1.4.7 Annex A7—Test Method for the Verification of Reflux Dividing Valves,
1.4.8 Annex A8—Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET),
1.4.9 Appendix X1—Test Method for Dehydration of a Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
1.4.10 Appendix X2—Practice for Performance Check.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 10.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer
D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
D1298 TestMethodforDensity,RelativeDensity(SpecificGravity),orAPIGravityofCrudePetroleumandLiquidPetroleum
Products by Hydrometer Method
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.08 on
Volatility.
Current edition approved JulyDec. 1, 2011. Published August 2011.January 2012. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as
D2892–10.D2892–11. DOI: 10.1520/D2892-11A.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
...
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