ASTM F2179-20
(Specification)Standard Specification for Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are Produced for Use as Candle Containers
Standard Specification for Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are Produced for Use as Candle Containers
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the minimum performance requirements and associated test methods for annealed transparent or non-transparent soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are produced for use as candle containers. The glass containers shall conform to specified annealing and thermal shock requirements, and shall undergo appropriate scratch testing to ensure that residual stress is reduced to a commercially acceptable level.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is specifically for soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are intended to be used as filled candle containers. This specification does not apply to other glass accessories used for candles, such as votive holders, hurricanes, and glass holders used with free-standing candles. The glass manufacturer or glass secondary processor is responsible for the compliance of the product and maintaining documentation of test results during the manufacturing process.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 29-Feb-2020
- Technical Committee
- F15 - Consumer Products
- Drafting Committee
- F15.45 - Candle Products
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2020
- Refers
ASTM F1972-19 - Standard Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items - Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2019
- Refers
ASTM F1972-16 - Standard Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items - Effective Date
- 01-May-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2014
- Refers
ASTM F1972-13 - Standard Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items - Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2009
Overview
ASTM F2179-20: Standard Specification for Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are Produced for Use as Candle Containers establishes the minimum performance requirements and associated test methods for glass containers designed specifically as candle holders. This internationally recognized specification applies to annealed soda-lime-silicate glass containers, whether transparent or non-transparent, that are intended to be filled with candle wax. It details requirements for annealing, thermal shock resistance, and residual stress reduction, ensuring both safety and reliability in commercial applications. Manufacturers and secondary processors must adhere to this standard to maintain quality and compliance in the production of glass candle containers.
Key Topics
Scope and Applicability
- Pertains exclusively to soda-lime-silicate glass containers intended as filled candle containers
- Excludes glass accessories such as votive holders, hurricanes, and free-standing candle holders
- Manufacturers and secondary processors are responsible for compliance and documentation
Performance Requirements
- Annealing: Containers must meet specific annealing criteria to minimize residual stress. For transparent glass, polariscopic examination is used; for non-transparent glass, scratch testing is required.
- Thermal Shock Resistance: Containers must withstand a temperature differential of 50°C (90°F) in testing without cracking or breaking.
- Scratch Testing: Two alternative methods (tungsten carbide scribe or fifty-grit emery paper) ensure residual stress is within commercially acceptable limits.
Testing and Documentation
- Compliance is verified through referenced ASTM test methods and documented during manufacturing.
- Quality control measures must be maintained, especially after secondary processing or decorative enhancements.
International Standardization
- Developed in line with WTO guidelines to promote global consistency in glass container manufacturing for candle usage.
Applications
The practical value of ASTM F2179-20 lies in its role as a quality reference for manufacturers, processors, and users of glass candle containers:
- Manufacturers: Utilize the standard to ensure their glass containers meet essential safety, annealing, and thermal shock criteria, reducing the risk of product failure or liability.
- Secondary Processors: Must validate compliance when performing operations (such as decoration or reheating) that alter the container’s structure.
- Retailers and Brands: Can specify ASTM F2179-20 compliance in procurements to assure end users of the reliability and safety of candle holders.
- Testing Laboratories: Reference the standard's defined scratch test and thermal shock methods for verifying the integrity and safety of glass candle containers.
- Regulatory and Trade Bodies: Use the standard as an international benchmark for product acceptance, helping to facilitate trade and market access.
By adhering to this specification, supply chain participants minimize the potential for glass container breakage or failure under thermal stress, supporting consumer safety and product quality.
Related Standards
For comprehensive quality and safety verifications, ASTM F2179-20 directly references several other ASTM standards:
- ASTM C148: Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass Containers
- ASTM C149: Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
- ASTM C162: Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
- ASTM C224: Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
- ASTM F1972: Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items
These referenced documents detail procedures and terminology that support consistent application of ASTM F2179-20 in the glass industry.
Keywords: ASTM F2179-20, annealed glass containers, soda-lime-silicate glass, candle containers, glass candle holders, thermal shock resistance, scratch test, glass manufacturing standards, candle safety, glass quality assurance
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM F2179-20 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are Produced for Use as Candle Containers". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers the minimum performance requirements and associated test methods for annealed transparent or non-transparent soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are produced for use as candle containers. The glass containers shall conform to specified annealing and thermal shock requirements, and shall undergo appropriate scratch testing to ensure that residual stress is reduced to a commercially acceptable level. SCOPE 1.1 This specification is specifically for soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are intended to be used as filled candle containers. This specification does not apply to other glass accessories used for candles, such as votive holders, hurricanes, and glass holders used with free-standing candles. The glass manufacturer or glass secondary processor is responsible for the compliance of the product and maintaining documentation of test results during the manufacturing process. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers the minimum performance requirements and associated test methods for annealed transparent or non-transparent soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are produced for use as candle containers. The glass containers shall conform to specified annealing and thermal shock requirements, and shall undergo appropriate scratch testing to ensure that residual stress is reduced to a commercially acceptable level. SCOPE 1.1 This specification is specifically for soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are intended to be used as filled candle containers. This specification does not apply to other glass accessories used for candles, such as votive holders, hurricanes, and glass holders used with free-standing candles. The glass manufacturer or glass secondary processor is responsible for the compliance of the product and maintaining documentation of test results during the manufacturing process. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F2179-20 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 81.040.30 - Glass products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM F2179-20 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM F2179-14, ASTM C162-23, ASTM C224-78(2020), ASTM C149-14(2020), ASTM F1972-19, ASTM F1972-16, ASTM C162-05(2015), ASTM C224-78(2014), ASTM C149-14, ASTM C148-14, ASTM F1972-13, ASTM C148-12, ASTM C148-00(2011), ASTM C149-86(2010), ASTM C224-78(2009). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM F2179-20 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F2179 −20
Standard Specification for
Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are
Produced for Use as Candle Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2179; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C149 Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass
Containers
1.1 This specification is specifically for soda-lime-silicate
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
glass containers that are intended to be used as filled candle
C224 Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
containers. This specification does not apply to other glass
F1972 Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and
accessories used for candles, such as votive holders,
Associated Accessory Items
hurricanes, and glass holders used with free-standing candles.
The glass manufacturer or glass secondary processor is respon-
3. Terminology
sible for the compliance of the product and maintaining
documentation of test results during the manufacturing pro-
3.1 For definitions of glass and glass products terms used in
cess.
this specification, refer to Terminology C162.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 For definitions of candle related terms used in this
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
specification, refer to Guide F1972.
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.3.1 candle container, n—an open vessel used for a filled
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
candle.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.3.2 glass manufacturer, n—the entity that produces glass.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.3.3 glass secondary processor, n—an entity that may alter
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the structural integrity of the glass.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.3.4 inside knuckle, n—glass candle container’s inside
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
bottom sidewall radius.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Performance Requirements
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Annealing:
4.1.1 Transparent Glass—Containers examined under po-
2. Referenced Documents
larized light in accordance with Test Methods C148 shall, after
2.1 Reference to these documents shall be the latest
annealing, show no greater than real temper number 4. The
revision, unless otherwise specified by the authority applying
Scratch Test (Section 5) can be used as an alternative to Test
this specification.
Methods C148. Containers tested in accordance with the
2.2 ASTM Standards:
Scratch Test shall show no fractures.
C148 Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass
4.1.2 Non-transparent Glass—If glass condition (color,
Containers
decoration, etc.) prohibits sufficient light transmission for use
of Test Methods C148, annealing shall be qualified through the
use of the Scratch Test (Section 5). Containers tested in
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on
accordance with the Scratch Test shall show no fractures.
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on
Candle Products.
4.2 Thermal Shock:
Current edition approved March 1, 2020. Published March 2020. Originally
4.2.1 Containers shall be sampled in accordance with Prac-
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2179 – 14. DOI:
10.1520/F2179-20.
tice C224.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.2.2 Containers shall not crack or break when tested, with
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
the water retained in the container from the first immersion
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. through the second immersion, at a thermal shock temperature
Copyright © ASTM International,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2179 − 14 F2179 − 20
Standard Specification for
Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are
Produced for Use as Candle Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2179; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for annealed is specifically for soda-lime-silicate glass containers when
the producer knows the containers are that are intended to be used as candle containers.filled candle containers. This specification
does not apply to other glass accessories used for candles, such as votive holders, hurricanes, and glass holders used with
free-standing candles. The glass manufacturer or glass secondary processor is responsible for the compliance of the product and
maintaining documentation of test results during the manufacturing process.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory requirementslimitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 Reference to these documents shall be the latest revision, unless otherwise specified by the authority applying this
specification.
2.2 ASTM Standards:
C148 Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass Containers
C149 Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
C224 Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
F1972 Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of glass and glass products terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology C162.
3.2 For definitions of candle related terms used in this specification, refer to Guide F1972.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3.1 candle container, n—an open vessel used for a filled candle.
3.3.2 glass manufacturer, n—the entity that produces glass.
3.3.3 glass secondary processor, n—an entity that may alter the structural integrity of the glass.
3.3.4 inside knuckle, n—glass candle container’s inside bottom sidewall radius.
4. Performance Requirements
4.1 Annealing:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on Candle Products.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2014March 1, 2020. Published February 2014March 2020. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20132014
as F2179 – 02 (2013).F2179 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/F2179-14.10.1520/F2179-20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2179 − 20
4.1.1 Transparent Glass—Containers examined under polarized light in accordance with Test Methods C148 shall, after
annealing, show no greater than real temper number 4. This performance requirement will also apply to containers that are further
processed (such as ceramic enamel decorations), following the original manufacture, by reheating the container above the strain
point and cooling to room temperature. The Scratch Test (Section 5) can be used as an alternative to Test Methods C148. Containers
tested in accordance with the Scratch Test shall show no fractures.
4.1.2 Non-transparent Glass—If glass condition (color, decoration, etc.) prohibits sufficient light transmission for use of Test
Methods C148, annealing shall be qualified through the use of the Scratch Test (Section 5). Containers tested in accordance with
the Scratch Test shall show no fractures. This performance requirement will also apply to containers that are further processed
(such as ceramic enam
...
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