ASTM D5772-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Linear Cooling Rate Method)
Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Linear Cooling Rate Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
For petroleum products and diesel fuels, the cloud point is an index of the lowest temperature of its utility for certain applications. Wax crystals of sufficient quantity can plug filters used in some fuel systems.
Petroleum blending operations require precise measurement of the cloud point.
This test method can determine the temperature of the test specimen at which wax crystals have formed sufficiently to be observed as a cloud, with a resolution of 0.1°C.
This test method provides results that when rounded to the next lower integer are equivalent to Test Method D2500.
This test method is more precise than Test Method D2500.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the description of the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness by an automatic instrument using a linear cooling rate.
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from −60 to 49°C with temperature resolution of 0.1°C, however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the temperature range of –56 to +34°C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5772 − 10
Designation:445/99
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Linear Cooling Rate
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5772; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point of
petroleum products of Test Method D2500/IP 219 using an automatic apparatus. The temperature
results from this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP 219. When
specification requires Test Method D2500/IP 219, do not substitute this test method or any other
method without obtaining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.
1. Scope* D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the description of the determi-
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
nation of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel
Petroleum Products
fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness by an
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
automatic instrument using a linear cooling rate.
3
IP219Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from
−60 to 49°C with temperature resolution of 0.1°C, however,
3. Terminology
the range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory
3.1 Definitions:
cooperativetestprogramonlycoveredthetemperaturerangeof
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—afuelcomprisedofmono-alkylestersof
–56 to +34°C.
long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
fats, designated B100.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a
standard.
reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield-
mono-estersandglycerin.Thefueltypicallymaycontainupto
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 14differenttypesoffattyacidsthatarechemicallytransformed
into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with
petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the
2. Referenced Documents
volume percentage of biodiesel.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.3 cloud point, n— in petroleum products and biodiesel
D2500Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
observable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs upon
cooling under prescribed conditions.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The cloud point occurs when the tem-
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties. perature of the specimen is low enough to cause hydrocarbon
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originally
crystals to precipitate. In a homogeneous liquid, the cloud is
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5772–05. DOI:
always noted first at the location in the specimen where the
10.1520/D5772-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5772 − 10
specimen temperature is the lowest. The cloud point is the applications.Waxcrystalsofsufficientquantitycanplugfilters
temperatureatwhichthecrystalsfirstoccur,regardlessoftheir used in some fuel systems.
locationinthespecimen,andnotafterextensivecrystallization
5.2 Petroleum blending operations require precise measure-
has taken place. The hydrocarbon crystals that precipitate at
ment of the cloud point.
lower temperatures are typically, but not excluded to, straight
5.3 This test method can determine the temperature of the
chain hydrocarbons commonly called “wax crystals.”
testspecimena
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5772–05 Designation: D5772 – 10
Designation: 445/99
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Linear Cooling Rate
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5772; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point of
petroleum products of Test Method D2500/IP 219 using an automatic apparatus. The temperature
results from this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP 219. When
specification requires Test Method D2500/IP 219, do not substitute this test method or any other
method without obtaining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thistestmethoddescribescoversthedescriptionofthedeterminationofthecloudpointofpetroleumproductsandbiodiesel
fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness by an automatic instrument using a linear cooling rate.
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from −60 to 49°C with temperature resolution of 0.1°C, however, the
range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the temperature range of –56 to
+34°C.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
3
IP 219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated B100.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield-mono-esters and glycerin. The fuel typically may contain up to 14
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on
Flow Properties.
Current edition approved JulyMay 1, 2005.2010. Published August 2005.2010. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20042005as
D5772–04.D5772–05. DOI: 10.1520/D5772-105.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5772 – 10
different types of fatty acids that are chemically transformed into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the volume
percentage of biodiesel.
3.1.3 cloud point, n— in petroleum products and biodiesel fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
observable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs upon cooling under prescribed conditions.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Thecloudpointoccurswhenthetemperatureofthespecimenislowenoughtocausehydrocarboncrystals
to precipitate. In a homogeneous liquid, the cloud is always noted first at the location in the specimen where the specimen
temperature is the lowest. The cloud point is the temperature at which the crystals first occur, regardless of their location in th
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