ASTM E701-80(1999)

Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal wastes.  
1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physical tests, as follows:  Section Sampling 5 Bulk Density 6 Total Combustibles 7 Chemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the 8 Detinning Industry) Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry) 9 Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry) 10 Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper 11 Industry and the Detinning Industry
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-1999
• ICS: 13.030.10 - Solid wastes
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM E701-80(2005) - Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D5833-12(2020) - Standard Guide for Source Reduction Reuse, Recycling, or Disposal of Steel Cans
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1999
• Referred By: ASTM E702-21 - Standard Specification for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E701–80 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Methods for
Municipal Ferrous Scrap
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E 350 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Carbon Steel,
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the
Wrought Iron
usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal
E 351 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cast Iron—
wastes.
All Types
1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physi-
E 415 Test Method for Optical Emission Vacuum Spectro-
cal tests, as follows:
metric Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel
Section
E 702 Specification for Municipal Ferrous Scrap
Sampling 5
Bulk Density 6
Total Combustibles 7
3. Significance and Use
Chemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the 8
3.1 The establishment of these test methods for municipal
Detinning Industry)
Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry) 9
ferrous scrap as a raw material for certain industries (see
Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry) 10
Specification E 702) will aid commerce in such scrap by
Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper 11
providing the chemical and physical tests for the characteriza-
Industry and the Detinning Industry
tion of the scrap needed as a basis for communication between
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
the purchaser and supplier.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
4. Hazards
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Due to the origins of municipal ferrous scrap in waste
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
destined for disposal, common sense dictates that some pre-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cautions should be observed when conducting tests on the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
samples. Recommended hygienic practices include using
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
gloves when handling municipal ferrous scrap and washing
hands before eating or smoking.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Sampling
C29 Test Method for Unit Weight and Voids in Aggregate
5.1 Gross Sample of Loose Ferrous Scrap:
C 702 Practice for Reducing Field Samples ofAggregate to
5.1.1 Takeaminimumofonegrosssamplehavingavolume
Testing Size
3 3
of7ft (0.2 m ) (approximately equal to a 55-gal drum).
D 2234 Test Methods for Collection of a Gross Sample of
Guidance for determining the number of gross samples needed
Coal
to characterize a given lot of material and methods for
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
accumulating a gross sample can be found in Practice E 122
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
and Test Method D 2234, respectively. In all cases, the actual
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate a
sampling procedures to be used and the number of gross
Measure of Quality for a Lot or Process
samples required to obtain a representative sample of the lot
shall be established in accordance with an agreement between
the purchaser and supplier.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-34 on
Waste Management and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03.02 on 5.1.2 Air-dry the gross sample at ambient temperature for a
Municipal Recovery and Reuse.
period of 24 h by spreading the sample on a clean, dry surface
Current edition approved Jan. 22, 1980. Published March 1980.
to one-layer thickness. Protect the sample from contamination
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
by falling dust and debris. Reduce the gross sample to four
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E701–80 (1999)
samples by the method of coning and quartering, as described 6.1.3 Calculation— Calculate the bulk density as follows:
in Method B of Practice C 702.
a 2 b
3 3
Bulk density, lb/ft ~kg/m !5 3 f (1)
5.2 Gross Sample of Baled Ferrous Scrap—Take a mini-
c 3 d 3 e
mum of two bales. Guidance for determining the number of
where:
bales needed to characterize a given lot of material and
a = weight of container plus material, lb (or kg),
methods for selecting the bales can be found in Practice E 122.
b = weight of container, lb (or kg),
In all cases, the actual sampling procedures to be used and the
c = inside length of container base, in. (or m),
number of gross samples required to obtain a representative
d = inside depth of container base, in. (or m),
sample of the lot shall be established in accordance with an
e = height of material in container, in. (or m),
agreement between the purchaser and supplier.
f = 1 for container dimensions measured in metres, or 1728
for container dimensions measured in inches.
6. Bulk Density
6.1.4 Report—Report each bulk density determination and
6.1 Loose Ferrous Scrap:
the average of the four determinations.
6.1.1 Apparatus:
6.2 Baled Ferrous Scrap:
6.1.1.1 Container, constructed of suitable materials, for
6.2.1 Procedure:
example, plywood, having the following approximate internal
6.2.1.1 Determine the weight of each bale from 5.2 to the
dimensions: base of 1 by 1 ft (300 by 300 mm) and a height of
nearest 0.1 lb (0.05 kg) using a scale described in 6.1.1.2.
at least 2 ft (600 mm). Measure the internal dimensions of the
6.2.1.2 Measure individually the length, width, and height
box to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm). Suitable handles may be
of the bale to the nearest 0.1 in. (3 mm).
attached to the exterior of the container to aid in subsequent
6.2.2 Calculations— Calculate the bulk density as follows:
handling. Alternatively, containers of other geometries, agree-
g
3 3
able to the purchaser and supplier, may be employed provided Bulk density, lb/ft ~kg/m !5 3 k (2)
h 3 i 3 j
2 2
the area of the base is at least 1 ft (0.09 m ).
where:
NOTE 1—The operator should be aware that this test method is not
g = weight of bale, lb (or kg),
intended for those occasional pieces whose size is of the order of the
h = length of bale, in. (or m),
dimensions of the box.As a guide, the maximum length of a single piece
i = width of bale, in. (or m),
should not exceed three fourths of the maximum dimension of the base.
j = height of bale, in. (or m),
6.1.1.2 Balance or Scale, accurate within 0.1 % of the test
k = 1 for bale dimensions measured in metres, or 1728 for
load within the range of use. The range of use shall be
bale dimensions measured in inches.
considered to extend from the weight of the container empty to
6.2.3 Report—Report each bulk density determination and
the weight of the container plus its contents at 100 lb/ft (1600
the average of all of the determinations.
kg/m ).
6.1.1.3 Measuring Rod, calibrated in 0.1-in. (3-mm) inter-
7. Total Combustibles
2 2
vals having a blunt end with an area of 4 in. (26 cm ).
7.1 Procedure:
6.1.2 Procedure:
7.1.1 Use two of the four bulk density volumes from 6.1.2.1
6.1.2.1 Use each of the four samples from 5.1.2 to deter-
for the total combustibles determination. Reduce the size of
mine the bulk density.
each sample, if necessary, to approximately 20 lb (9.1 kg) by
6.1.2.2 Before each determination, weigh the empty con-
the method of coning and quartering, as described in Method B
tainer to the nearest 0.1 lb (0.05 kg).
of Practice C 702. Determine the weight of each of the two
6.1.2.3 Place oversize pieces, likely to protrude above the
samples to the nearest 0.1 lb (0.05 kg) before heating.
surface of the material in the container, at the bottom of the
7.1.2 Heat each of the two samples in excess air at 750°F
container prior to filling with the remainder of the sample.
(400°C) for 60 min.An external source of air at low flow rates
6.1.2.4 Fill the container in three approximately equal
and pressures can be introduced at several locations within the
layers.After each lay
...