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ASTM D1172-95(2007)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents

Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents

ABSTRACT
This guide details the standard procedures for the preparation of aqueous solutions of soaps and detergents and the determination of their pH. The required reagent for this procedure is distilled water or its equivalent, and the recommended electrodes for the determination of pH are the Fischer Accuphast combination electrode or Orion Ross Sure Flow electrode or their equivalents.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the preparation of aqueous solutions of soaps and detergents and the determination of their pH.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2007
ICS
71.100.40 - Surface active agents
Technical Committee
D12 - Soaps and Other Detergents
Drafting Committee
D12.15 - Physical Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1172-95(2001) - Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D1172-15 - Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents
Effective Date
01-May-2015
Referred By
ASTM D8179-18 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Detergents for the Cleaning of Clinically-used Medical Devices
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D1570-95(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Fatty Alkyl Sulfates
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D4252-89(2017) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Alcohol Ethoxylates and Alkylphenol Ethoxylates
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D3673-89(2016) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Alpha Olefin Sulfonates
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007

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ASTM D1172-95(2007) - Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and DetergentsASTM D1172-95(2007) - Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents
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ASTM D1172-95(2007) - Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents
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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1172 − 95(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Guide for
pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1172; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope of this water shall be between 6.2 and 7.2 at 25°C. The residue
on evaporation, when heated at 105°C for 1 h, shall not be
1.1 This guide covers the preparation of aqueous solutions
more than 0.5 mg/L.
of soaps and detergents and the determination of their pH.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5. Procedure for Synthetic Detergents
standard.
5.1 Preparation of Solutions—Weigh 1 6 0.001 g of the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sample (see Note 1 and Note 2) and transfer to a 1-L
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
volumetric flask. Partially fill the flask with distilled water or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
equivalent and agitate until the sample is completely dissolved.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Make certain the solute is completely dissolved and allow time
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
fortheevolutionofdissolvedgases.Filltothecalibrationmark
Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
with distilled water or equivalent. Stopper the flask; mix
them for hazards prior to usage.
thoroughly. The desirable condition requires the solution to
come to equilibrium.Allow the solution to equilibrate at 25 6
2. Referenced Documents
2.0°C. The use of a temperature compensation probe may
2.1 ASTM Standards:
allow alternate temperatures. Records should show the time
D460 Test Methods for Sampling and Chemical Analysis of
interval between solution preparation and pH measurement.
Soaps and Soap Products
NOTE 1—The procedure for detergents other than soaps is applicable to
D501 Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of
some compositions that contain minor proportions of soap, provided that
Alkaline Detergents
the solutions do not show evidence of gelling prior to carrying out the pH
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
measurement.
Glass Electrode
NOTE 2—Measurements of pH of gelled solutions lack constancy and
reproducibility.Theprocedureforsoaps(Section6)isdesignedtoproduce
3. Sampling solutions that will not gel before the pH measurement is carried out. This
procedure should be used for all detergent solutions, soap or nonsoap, that
3.1 The material shall be sampled in accordance with Test
give evidence of gelling or incomplete solution when prepared in
Methods D460 or D501, whichever is applicable.
accordancewith5.1.Theprocedureforsoapsisnotapplicabletodetergent
compositions that are known to be chemically altered by the boiling water
used in dissolving the sample, or that are intended exclusively for use in
4. Reagent
cold water.
4.1 Distilled Water or Equivalent—Distilled water or
5.2 Determination of pH—Calibrate the pH meter and
equivalent shall be boiled thoroughly, or purged with CO -free
suitable electrodes. The recommended electrodes are Fischer
air, to remove CO and shall be protected with
...

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This guide details the standard procedures for the preparation of aqueous solutions of soaps and detergents and the determination of their pH. The required reagent for this procedure is distilled water or its equivalent, and the recommended electrodes for the determination of pH are the Fischer Accuphast combination electrode or Orion Ross Sure Flow electrode or their equivalents.
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These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates. The different procedure for sampling and chemical analysis of past, powder, or liquid detergent are presented and discussed in details. Distillation test, titration test, and gravimetric test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. The calculations methods for chlorides as sodium chloride are presented in details.
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1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates.  
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Sections  
Sampling:  
Powders and Flakes Packed in Cans or Cartons  
4  
Powders and Flakes in Bulk  
5  
Liquids  
6  
Pastes  
7  
Preparation of Sample  
8  
Moisture by the Distillation Test Method  
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pH  
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20 – 22  
Alcohol-Insoluble Matter  
23 and 24  
Unsulfated Material  
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Combined Alcohols  
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Method A. Titration Test Method  
36 and 37    
Sections  
Ester SO3:  
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Chlorides Calculated as Sodium Chloride (NaCl)  
44 – 47  
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D820-93(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents

ABSTRACT
These test methods detail the standard procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents. The analytical procedures include the determination of the following chemical properties and substances: moisture and other matter volatile at a specified temperature; free alkali or free acid; anhydrous, salt-free soda soap; alcohol-soluble matter; matter insoluble in water; total alkalinity of matter insoluble in alcohol (alkaline salts); sodium silicate; phosphates; phosphates by colorimetric method using molybdenum blue); unsaponified and unsaponifiable matter; free fatty matter; chlorides in alcohol-soluble matter; rosin by McNicoll method; synthetic detergent by difference; and neutral inorganic salts.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Moisture and Other Matter Volatile at 105°C (Oven Method)  
5 and 6  
Free Alkali or Free Acid  
7 and 8  
Anhydrous, Salt-Free, Soda Soap  
9 – 12  
Alcohol-Soluble Matter  
13 and 14  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
15 and 15  
Total Alkalinity of Matter Insoluble in Alcohol (Alkaline Salts)  
16 and 17  
Sodium Silicate  
18 – 20  
Phosphates  
21 – 28  
Phosphate (Colorimetric Method Using Molybdenum Blue)  
29 – 34  
Unsaponified and Unsaponifiable Matter  
35 – 39  
Free Fatty Matter  
40  
Chlorides in Alcohol-Soluble Matter  
41 – 43  
Rosin (McNicoll Method)  
44 – 47  
Synthetic Detergent (by Difference)  
48  
Neutral, Inorganic Salts  
49  
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