ASTM E572-13

Standard Test Method for Analysis of Stainless and Alloy Steels by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and for verifying that the product meets specifications. It provides rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to assure product quality. The analytical performance data included may be used as a benchmark to determine if similar X-ray spectrometers provide equivalent precision and accuracy, or if the performance of a particular spectrometer has changed.  
5.2 It is expected that this standard will be employed by analysts knowledgeable in the field of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and experienced in the use of the apparatus specified in this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the analysis of stainless and alloy steels by wavelength dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry for the determination of the following elements:    
Element  
Range, Mass Fraction %  
Chromium  
1 to 25  
Cobalt  
0.05 to 0.45  
Copper  
0.06 to 3.5    
Manganese  
0.3 to 5.5  
Molybdenum  
0.05 to 3.5    
Nickel  
0.7 to 35    
Niobium  
0.06 to 1.3    
Phosphorus  
0.01 to 0.03  
Silicon  
0.2 to 2    
Sulfur  
0.02 to 0.35  
Titanium  
0.013 to 0.5    
Vanadium  
0.04 to 0.25
Note 1—Mass fraction ranges can be extended upward by demonstration of accurate calibrations using suitable reference materials.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2013
• ICS: 77.140.20 - Stainless steels
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.01 - Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E572 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Stainless and Alloy Steels by Wavelength
1
Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E572; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in
2 X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of stainless and
E1621 Guide for ElementalAnalysis by Wavelength Disper-
alloy steels by wavelength dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
sive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Spectrometry for the determination of the following elements:
Element Range, Mass Fraction % 3. Terminology
Chromium 1 to 25
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
Cobalt 0.05 to 0.45
Copper 0.06 to 3.5
Terminology E135.
Manganese 0.3 to 5.5
Molybdenum 0.05 to 3.5
4. Summary of Test Method
Nickel 0.7 to 35
Niobium 0.06 to 1.3 4.1 The test specimen is finished to a clean, uniform surface
Phosphorus 0.01 to 0.03
and then irradiated with an X-ray beam of high energy. The
Silicon 0.2 to 2
secondary X-rays produced are dispersed by means of crystals
Sulfur 0.02 to 0.35
Titanium 0.013 to 0.5
and the count rates are measured by suitable detectors at
Vanadium 0.04 to 0.25
selected wavelengths. The outputs of the detectors in voltage
NOTE 1—Mass fraction ranges can be extended upward by demonstra-
pulsesarecounted.Radiationmeasurementsaremadebasedon
tion of accurate calibrations using suitable reference materials.
the time required to reach a fixed number of counts, or on the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
total counts obtained for a fixed time (generally expressed in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the counts per unit time). Mass fractions of the elements are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determined by relating the measured radiation of unknown
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- specimens to analytical curves prepared using suitable refer-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
ence materials. Both simultaneous spectrometers containing a
tionary statements are given in Section 10. fixed-channel monochromator for each element and sequential
spectrometers using a goniometer monochromator can be used
2. Referenced Documents
for measurement of the elements.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
5.1 Thisprocedureissuitableformanufacturingcontroland
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
for verifying that the product meets specifications. It provides
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to
ASTM Test Methods
assure product quality. The analytical performance data in-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
cluded may be used as a benchmark to determine if similar
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
X-ray spectrometers provide equivalent precision and
accuracy,oriftheperformanceofaparticularspectrometerhas
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
changed.
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys.
5.2 It is expected that this standard will be employed by
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally
analysts knowledgeable in the field of X-ray fluorescence
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E572 – 12. DOI:
spectrometry and experienced in the use of the apparatus
10.1520/E0572-13.
2
Supporting data for this test method as determined by cooperative testing have
specified in this standard.
been filed at ASTM International Headquarters as RR:E01-1118.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Interferences
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Interelement effects or matrix effects exist for some of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. the elements listed. Mathematical correction may be used to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E572 − 13
solve for these elements. Various mathematical correction 8. Reagents and Materials
procedures are commonly utilized. See Guides E1361 and
8.1 Detector Gas (P-10), consisting
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E572 − 12 E572 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Stainless and Alloy Steels by Wavelength
1
Dispersive X-rayX-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E572; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of stainless and alloy steels by wavelength dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry for the determination of the following elements:
Element Range, Mass Fraction%
Element Range, Mass Fraction %
Chromium 2.0 to 25.0
Chromium 1 to 25
Cobalt 0.03 to 0.40
Cobalt 0.05 to 0.45
Copper 0.05 to 3.50
Copper 0.06 to 3.5
Manganese 0.3 to 5.0
Manganese 0.3 to 5.5
Molybdenum 0.15 to 3.5
Molybdenum 0.05 to 3.5
Nickel 0.20 to 35.0
Nickel 0.7 to 35
Niobium 0.05 to 1.3
Niobium 0.06 to 1.3
Phosphorus 0.01 to 0.03
Silicon 0.05 to 0.20
Silicon 0.2 to 2
Sulfur 0.02 to 0.30
Sulfur 0.02 to 0.35
Titanium 0.002 to 0.04
Titanium 0.013 to 0.5
Vanadium 0.03 to 0.25
Vanadium 0.04 to 0.25
NOTE 1—Unless exceptions are noted, mass Mass fraction ranges can be extended upward by the use of demonstration of accurate calibrations using
suitable reference materials.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
E1621 Guide for Elemental Analysis by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2013. Published January 2013December 2013. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 20062012
ε2
as E572 – 02aE572 – 12.(2006) . DOI: 10.1520/E0572-12.10.1520/E0572-13.
2
Supporting data for this test method as determined by cooperative testing have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters as RR:E01-1118.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E572 − 13
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E135.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The test specimen is finished to a clean, uniform surface and then irradiated with an X-ray beam of high energy. The
secondary X-rays produced are dispersed by means of crystals and the count rates are measured by suitable detectors at selected
wavelengths. The outputs of the detectors in voltage pulses are counted. Radiation measurements are made based on the time
required to reach a fixed number of counts, or on the total counts obtained for a fixed time (generally expressed in counts per unit
time). Mass fractions of the elements are determined by relating the measured radiation of unknown specimens to analytical curves
prepared using suitable reference materials. Both simultaneous spectrometers containing a fixed-channel monochromator for each
element and sequential spectrometers using a goniometer monochromator can be used for measurement of the elements.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and for verifying that the product meets specifications. It provides
rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to assure product quality. The analytical performance data included
may be used
...