ASTM F31-05(2010)

Standard Specification for 42% Nickel-6% Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloy

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium alloy (UNS K94760) used primarily for glass-sealing applications in electronic devices. The chemical composition of the material shall conform to the requirements prescribed. Chemical analysis shall be made, when desired, in accordance with the prescribed requirements. The average linear coefficient of thermal expansion shall be within limits of the requirements specified. The material shall be commercially smooth, uniform in cross section, in composition, and in temper; it shall be free of scale, corrosion, cracks, seams, scratches, slivers, and other defects.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers an iron-nickel-chromium alloy (UNS K94760) used primarily for glass-sealing applications in electronic devices.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3  The following safety hazards caveat applies only to Section 13. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2010
• ICS: 77.120.40 - Nickel, chromium and their alloys
• Technical Committee: F01 - Electronics
• Drafting Committee: F01.03 - Metallic Materials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F31-05 - Standard Specification for 42% Nickel-6% Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM F31-12 - Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM F140-98(2020) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt Seals and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F144-80(2019) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F14-80(2019) - Standard Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-Metal Bead-Seal
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F375-20 - Standard Specification for Integrated Circuit Lead Frame Material (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F31 −05(Reapproved2010)
StandardSpecification for
42% Nickel-6% Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloy
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF31;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F144Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich
Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polari-
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversaniron-nickel-chromiumalloy
metric Methods
(UNSK94760)usedprimarilyforglass-sealingapplicationsin
electronic devices.
3. Ordering Information
1.2 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
3.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
the following information:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.1 Size,
and are not considered standard.
3.1.2 Temper (Section 6),
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat applies only to
3.1.3 Surface finish (Section 8),
Section13.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthe
3.1.4 Marking and packaging (Section 13), and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.5 Certification if required.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Chemical Composition
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The material shall conform to the requirements of Table
1 as to chemical composition.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—The major constituents of this alloy may be adjusted by the
2.1 ASTM Standards: manufacturer so that the alloy meets the requirement for thermal expan-
sion.
E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
terials
5. Chemical Analysis
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
5.1 Chemical analysis shall be made, when desired, in
Determine Conformance with Specifications
accordance with Methods E38.
E38Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Chromium
and Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (Withdrawn 1989)
6. Surface Lubricants
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
6.1 Alllubricantsusedduringcold-workingoperationssuch
E228Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
as drawing, rolling, or spinning, shall be capable of being
Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
removed readily by any of the common organic degreasing
F14Practice for Making andTesting Reference Glass-Metal
solvents.
Bead-Seal
F140Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt Seals
7. Temper
and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric
7.1 The desired temper of the material shall be specified on
Methods
the purchase order. Unless otherwise specified, wire, rod, and
tubing shall be given a final bright anneal by the manufacturer.
Strip and sheet shall be annealed properly to develop drawing
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on
properties. For deep drawing, the hardness shall not exceed
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic
Materials. Rockwell B90 when determined in accordance with Test
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally
Methods E18.
approved in 1963 as F31–63T. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as
F31–05. DOI: 10.1520/F0031-05R10.
8. Grain Size
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
8.1 Strip and sheet for deep drawing applications shall have
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
an average grain size not larger than ASTM No. 5 (Note 2),
the ASTM website.
with no more than 10% of the grains larger than No. 5 when
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. measuredinaccordancewithTestMethodsE112.Formaterials
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F31−05(Reapproved2010)
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
12. Test Method for Thermal Expansion
Element Composition, %
12.1 Heat the specimen for 15 min at 1100°C in a hydrogen
Nickel, nominal 42.0
or cracked-ammonia atmosphere with a dew point of−40°C
Chromium, nominal 5.6
and cool to room temperature at a rate not exceeding 5°C/min.
Carbon, max 0.07
Manganese, max 0.25
12.2 Determine the thermal expansion characteristics in
Phosphorus, max 0.025
Sulfur, max 0.025 accordance with Test Method E228.
Silicon, max 0.30
12.3 The thermal expansion match between the alloy and a
Aluminum, max 0.20
Iron remainder
glassmaybeevaluatedbypreparingandtestinganassemblyin
accordancewithPracticeF14,PracticeF140,orPracticeF144.
less than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness, the grain size shall 13. Test Results
besuchthattherearenolessthan4grainsacrossthethickness.
13.1 Observed or calculated values obtained from analysis,
measurements, or tests shall be rounded off in accordance with
NOTE 2—This corresponds to a grain size finer than 0.065 mm or 16
grains/in. of image at 100×. the rounding-off method of Practice E29, to the nearest unit in
the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the
9. Dimensional Tolerances
specified limit.
9.1 Cold-Rolled Strip—Cold-rolled strip shall conform to
14. General Requirements
the permissible variations in dimensions prescribed in Table 2,
Table 3, and Table 4.
14.1 Thematerialshallbecommerciallysmooth,uniformin
cross section, in composition, and in temper; it shall be free of
9.2 RoundWireandRod—Wireandrodshallconformtothe
scale, corrosion, cracks, seams, scratches, slivers, and other
permissible variations in dimension prescribed in Table 5.
defects as best commercial practice will permit.
9.3 Cold-Drawn Tubing—Cold-drawn tubing, available ei-
ther as seamless or welded, shall conform to the permissible
15. Packaging and Package Marking
variations prescribed in Table 6.
15.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between the
10. Surface Finish
purchaser and seller.
10.1 The standard surface finishes available shall be those 15.2 The material as furnished under this specification shall
resulting from the following operations:
beidentifiedbythenameorsymbolofthemanufacturerandby
10.1.1 Hot rolling, melt number.The lot size for determining compliance with the
10.1.2 Forging,
requirements of this specification shall be one heat.
10.1.3 Centerless grinding (rod),
16. Investigation of Claims
10.1.4 Belt polishing,
10.1.5 Cold rolling, and drawing, and
16.1 Where any material fails to meet the requirements of
10.1.6 Wire drawing.
thisspecification,thematerialsodesignatedshallbehandledin
accordance with the agreement mutually agreed upon between
10.2 Care shall be taken to prevent the depletion of surface
the purchaser and the seller.
chromium during processing.
11. Thermal Expansion Characteristics 17. Keywords
11.1 The average linear coeffici
...