ASTM D3871-84(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water Using Headspace Sampling
Standard Test Method for Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water Using Headspace Sampling
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Purgeable organic compounds, including organohalides, have been identified as contaminants in raw and drinking water. These contaminants may be harmful to the environment and man. Dynamic headspace sampling is a generally applicable method for concentrating these components prior to gas chromatographic analysis (1-5).3 This test method can be used to quantitatively determine purgeable organic compounds in raw source water, drinking water, and treated effluent water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of most purgeable organic compounds that boil below 200°C and are less than 2 % soluble in water. It covers the low μg/L to low mg/L concentration range (see Section 15 and Appendix X1).
1.2 This test method was developed for the analysis of drinking water. It is also applicable to many environmental and waste waters when validation, consisting of recovering known concentrations of compounds of interest added to representative matrices, is included.
1.3 Volatile organic compounds in water at concentrations above 1000 μg/L may be determined by direct aqueous injection in accordance with Practice D2908.
1.4 It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for untested matrices.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 8.5.5.1.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3871 − 84 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water Using Headspace
1
Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3871; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of most 2.1 ASTM Standards:
purgeable organic compounds that boil below 200°C and are D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
less than 2 % soluble in water. It covers the low µg/L to low D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
mg/L concentration range (see Section 15 and Appendix X1). D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in
Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
1.2 This test method was developed for the analysis of
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-
drinking water. It is also applicable to many environmental and
ships
waste waters when validation, consisting of recovering known
concentrations of compounds of interest added to representa-
3. Terminology
tive matrices, is included.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 Volatile organic compounds in water at concentrations
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
above 1000 µg/L may be determined by direct aqueous
Terminology D1129 and Practice E355.
injection in accordance with Practice D2908.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of the
3.2.1 purgeable organic, n—any organic material that is
test method for untested matrices.
removed from aqueous solution under the purging conditions
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as described in this test method (10.1.1).
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
4.1 An inert gas is bubbled through the sample to purge
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
volatilecompoundsfromtheaqueousphase.Thesecompounds
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
are then trapped in a column containing a suitable sorbent.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
After purging is complete, trapped components are thermally
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
desorbed onto the head of a gas chromatographic column for
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
separation and analysis. Measurement is accomplished with an
Specific precautionary statements are given in 8.5.5.1.
appropriate detector.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Significance and Use
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 Purgeable organic compounds, including organohalides,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
have been identified as contaminants in raw and drinking
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
water. These contaminants may be harmful to the environment
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and man. Dynamic headspace sampling is a generally appli-
cable method for concentrating these components prior to gas
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.06onMethodsforAnalysisfor
2
Organic Substances in Water. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3871 – 84 (2011). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D3871-84R17. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3871 − 84 (2017)
3
chromatographic analysis (1-5). This test method can be used 7.3.1 Desorber 1 is attached directly onto the gas-
to quantitatively determine purgeable organic compounds in chromatograph liquid-inlet system after removing the septum
raw source water, drinking water, and treated effluent water. nut, the septum, and the internal injector parts. The modified
bodyassemblyisscrewedontotheinletsystemusingthePTFE
6. Interferences
gasket as a seal. A plug is attached to one of t
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3871 − 84 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water Using Headspace
1
Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3871; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of most 2.1 ASTM Standards:
purgeable organic compounds that boil below 200°C and are D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
less than 2 % soluble in water. It covers the low µg/L to low D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
mg/L concentration range (see Section 15 and Appendix X1). D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in
Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
1.2 This test method was developed for the analysis of
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-
drinking water. It is also applicable to many environmental and
ships
waste waters when validation, consisting of recovering known
concentrations of compounds of interest added to representa-
3. Terminology
tive matrices, is included.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 Volatile organic compounds in water at concentrations
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
above 1000 µg/L may be determined by direct aqueous
Terminology D1129 and Practice E355.
injection in accordance with Practice D2908.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of the
3.2.1 purgeable organic, n—any organic material that is
test method for untested matrices.
removed from aqueous solution under the purging conditions
described in this test method (10.1.1).
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
4.1 An inert gas is bubbled through the sample to purge
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
volatile compounds from the aqueous phase. These compounds
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
are then trapped in a column containing a suitable sorbent.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
After purging is complete, trapped components are thermally
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
desorbed onto the head of a gas chromatographic column for
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
separation and analysis. Measurement is accomplished with an
Specific precautionary statements are given in 8.5.5.1.
appropriate detector.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Significance and Use
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 Purgeable organic compounds, including organohalides,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
have been identified as contaminants in raw and drinking
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
water. These contaminants may be harmful to the environment
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and man. Dynamic headspace sampling is a generally appli-
cable method for concentrating these components prior to gas
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for
2
Organic Substances in Water. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3871 – 84 (2011). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D3871-84R17. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3871 − 84 (2017)
3
chromatographic analysis (1-5). This test method can be used 7.3.1 Desorber 1 is attached directly onto the gas-
to quantitatively determine purgeable organic compounds in chromatograph liquid-inlet system after removing the septum
raw source water, drinking water, and treated effluent water. nut, the septum, and the internal injector parts. The modified
body assembly is screwed onto the inlet system using the PTFE
6. Interferences
gasket as a seal. A plug is attached to one of the stem
assemblies.
6.1 Purgeable compounds that coelute with components of
7.3.1.1 The assembled parts, simply called
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3871 − 84 (Reapproved 2011) D3871 − 84 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water Using Headspace
1
Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3871; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of most purgeable organic compounds that boil below 200°C and are less than
2 % soluble in water. It covers the low μg/L to low mg/L concentration range (see Section 15 and Appendix X1).
1.2 This test method was developed for the analysis of drinking water. It is also applicable to many environmental and waste
waters when validation, consisting of recovering known concentrations of compounds of interest added to representative matrices,
is included.
1.3 Volatile organic compounds in water at concentrations above 1000 μg/L may be determined by direct aqueous injection in
accordance with Practice D2908.
1.4 It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for untested matrices.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 8.5.5.1.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129 and Practice E355.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1129 and Practice E355.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 purgeable organic—organic, n—any organic material that is removed from aqueous solution under the purging conditions
described in this test method (10.1.1).
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 An inert gas is bubbled through the sample to purge volatile compounds from the aqueous phase. These compounds are then
trapped in a column containing a suitable sorbent. After purging is complete, trapped components are thermally desorbed onto the
head of a gas chromatographic column for separation and analysis. Measurement is accomplished with an appropriate detector.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for
Organic Substances in Water.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011Dec. 15, 2017. Published June 2011December 2017. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20032011 as
D3871 – 84 (2003).(2011). DOI: 10.1520/D3871-84R11.10.1520/D3871-84R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3871 − 84 (2017)
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Purgeable organic compounds, including organohalides, have been identified as contaminants in raw and drinking water.
These contaminants may be harmful to the environment and man. Dynamic headspace sampling is a generally applicable method
3
for concentrating these components prior to gas chromatographic analysis (1-5). This test method can be used to quantitatively
determine purgeable organic compounds in raw source water, dr
...
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